Boot loaders (简体中文) - ArchWiki

# Boot loaders (简体中文)

翻译状态： 本文是英文页面 Boot_Loaders 的翻译，最后翻译时间：2014-01-07，点击这里可以查看翻译后英文页面的改动。

The boot loader is the first piece of software started by the BIOS or UEFI. It is responsible for loading the kernel with the wanted kernel parameters, and initial RAM disk before initiating the boot process. You can use different kinds of bootloaders in Arch, such as GRUB and Syslinux. Some bootloaders only support BIOS or UEFI and some support both.

This page will only contain a short introduction and the most used configurations that users will encounter. For detailed information, please see the corresponding pages of each boot loader.

## 适用于 BIOS 和 UEFI 的 Boot Loaders

### GRUB

参见 GRUB。

### Syslinux

参见 Syslinux。

### BURG

注意: BURG 并未获得 ArchLinux 开发团队官方支持。

参见 BURG。

## UEFI-only Boot Loaders

### Linux Kernel EFISTUB

The Linux kernel can be booted directly without a boot loader. See EFISTUB for more information.

#### Gummiboot

Gummiboot is a UEFI Boot Manager (not a boot loader) which provides a menu for EFISTUB kernels. See Gummiboot for more information.

#### rEFInd

rEFInd is a UEFI Boot Manager which provides a menu for EFISTUB kernels. It is alternative to Gummiboot. See rEFInd for more information.

### ELILO

Warning: ELILO upstream has clarified that it is no longer in active development, meaning no new features will be added and only bug-fixes are released. See https://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/message.php?msg_id=31524008 for more info. ELILO also is not officially supported by Arch devs.

ELILO is the UEFI version of the BIOS-only LILO (although they do not share code). It was originally created for Intel Itanium systems which supported only EFI 1.x (precursor to UEFI 2.x). It is the oldest UEFI bootloader for Linux. Elilo config file `elilo.conf` is similar to LILO's config file. ELILO does not support chainloading other EFI applications. and does not provide a menu by default (setting up requires additional configuration as described in `elilo/docs/textmenu_chooser.txt` file. Upstream provided compiled binaries are available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/elilo/ and AUR package at elilo-efi.

## BIOS-only Boot Loaders

### GRUB Legacy

Note: GRUB Legacy 并未获得 ArchLinux 开发团队官方支持。

GRUB Legacy (也称之为 grub-0.97), is the legacy, BIOS-only branch of GRUB. See GRUB Legacy for more information.

### LILO

Note: LILO 并未获得 ArchLinux 开发团队官方支持， although it seems to be actively developed.

See LILO.

### NeoGRUB

注意: NeoGRUB 并未获得 ArchLinux 开发团队官方支持。

NeoGRUB provides a means to boot Arch from the Windows boot loader without installing an additional boot loader. It is provided by the EasyBCD tool running on Windows. This is a great option for dual-booting Windows and Arch, especially if you find that Windows has trouble when booted or chainloaded from another bootloader. See NeoGRUB for more information.

Booting Arch from NeoGRUB has not been tested yet from Windows 8 and/or UEFI systems.

## Troubleshooting

### UEFI Boot Loader does not show up in firmware menu

On some UEFI motherboards like boards with an Intel Z77 chipset, adding entries with `efibootmgr` or `bcfg` from the EFI Shell will not work because they don't show up on the boot menu list after being added to NVRAM.

This issue is caused because the motherboards can only load Microsoft Windows. To solve this you have to place the `.efi` file in the location that Windows uses.

Copy the `bootx64.efi` file from the Arch Linux installation medium (`FSO:`) to the Microsoft directory your ESP partition on your hard drive (`FS1:`). Do this by booting into EFI shell and typing:

    FS1:
    cd EFI
    mkdir Microsoft
    cd Microsoft
    mkdir Boot
    cp FS0:\EFI\BOOT\bootx64.efi FS1:\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi

After reboot, any entries added to NVRAM should show up in the boot menu.

## See also

- Rod Smith - Managing EFI Boot Loaders for Linux
- Rod Smith - rEFInd, a fork or rEFIt
- Linux Kernel Documentation on EFISTUB
- Linux Kernel EFISTUB Git Commit
- Rod Smith's page on EFISTUB
- rEFInd Documentation for booting EFISTUB Kernels

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- Boot loaders (简体中文)