ip.rs.html -- source
Description: Source to the Rust file `src/libstd/net/ip.rs`.
Keywords: rust, rustlang, rust-lang

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    // Copyright 2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
    // file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
    // http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
    //
    // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
    // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
    // <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
    // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
    // except according to those terms.

    #![unstable(feature = "ip", reason = "extra functionality has not been \
                                          scrutinized to the level that it should \
                                          be stable",
                issue = "27709")]

    use cmp::Ordering;
    use fmt;
    use hash;
    use mem;
    use net::{hton, ntoh};
    use sys::net::netc as c;
    use sys_common::{AsInner, FromInner};

    /// An IP address, either an IPv4 or IPv6 address.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// Constructing an IPv4 address:
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr};
    ///
    /// IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1));
    /// ```
    ///
    /// Constructing an IPv6 address:
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv6Addr};
    ///
    /// IpAddr::V6(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1));
    /// ```
    #[stable(feature = "ip_addr", since = "1.7.0")]
    #[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Debug, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
    pub enum IpAddr {
        /// Representation of an IPv4 address.
        #[stable(feature = "ip_addr", since = "1.7.0")]
        V4(#[stable(feature = "ip_addr", since = "1.7.0")] Ipv4Addr),
        /// Representation of an IPv6 address.
        #[stable(feature = "ip_addr", since = "1.7.0")]
        V6(#[stable(feature = "ip_addr", since = "1.7.0")] Ipv6Addr),
    }

    /// Representation of an IPv4 address.
    #[derive(Copy)]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub struct Ipv4Addr {
        inner: c::in_addr,
    }

    /// Representation of an IPv6 address.
    #[derive(Copy)]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub struct Ipv6Addr {
        inner: c::in6_addr,
    }

    #[allow(missing_docs)]
    #[derive(Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Hash, Debug)]
    pub enum Ipv6MulticastScope {
        InterfaceLocal,
        LinkLocal,
        RealmLocal,
        AdminLocal,
        SiteLocal,
        OrganizationLocal,
        Global
    }

    impl IpAddr {
        /// Returns true for the special 'unspecified' address ([IPv4], [IPv6]).
        /// [IPv4]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_unspecified
        /// [IPv6]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.is_unspecified
        #[stable(feature = "ip_shared", since = "1.12.0")]
        pub fn is_unspecified(&self) -> bool {
            match *self {
                IpAddr::V4(ref a) => a.is_unspecified(),
                IpAddr::V6(ref a) => a.is_unspecified(),
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a loopback address ([IPv4], [IPv6]).
        /// [IPv4]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_loopback
        /// [IPv6]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.is_loopback
        #[stable(feature = "ip_shared", since = "1.12.0")]
        pub fn is_loopback(&self) -> bool {
            match *self {
                IpAddr::V4(ref a) => a.is_loopback(),
                IpAddr::V6(ref a) => a.is_loopback(),
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if the address appears to be globally routable ([IPv4], [IPv6]).
        /// [IPv4]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_global
        /// [IPv6]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.is_global
        pub fn is_global(&self) -> bool {
            match *self {
                IpAddr::V4(ref a) => a.is_global(),
                IpAddr::V6(ref a) => a.is_global(),
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a multicast address ([IPv4], [IPv6]).
        /// [IPv4]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_multicast
        /// [IPv6]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.is_multicast
        #[stable(feature = "ip_shared", since = "1.12.0")]
        pub fn is_multicast(&self) -> bool {
            match *self {
                IpAddr::V4(ref a) => a.is_multicast(),
                IpAddr::V6(ref a) => a.is_multicast(),
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if this address is in a range designated for documentation ([IPv4], [IPv6]).
        /// [IPv4]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv4Addr.html#method.is_documentation
        /// [IPv6]: ../../std/net/struct.Ipv6Addr.html#method.is_documentation
        pub fn is_documentation(&self) -> bool {
            match *self {
                IpAddr::V4(ref a) => a.is_documentation(),
                IpAddr::V6(ref a) => a.is_documentation(),
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if this address is a valid IPv4 address, false if it's a valid IPv6 address.
        #[unstable(feature = "ipaddr_checker", issue = "36949")]
        pub fn is_ipv4(&self) -> bool {
            match *self {
                IpAddr::V4(_) => true,
                IpAddr::V6(_) => false,
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if this address is a valid IPv6 address, false if it's a valid IPv4 address.
        #[unstable(feature = "ipaddr_checker", issue = "36949")]
        pub fn is_ipv6(&self) -> bool {
            match *self {
                IpAddr::V4(_) => false,
                IpAddr::V6(_) => true,
            }
        }
    }

    impl Ipv4Addr {
        /// Creates a new IPv4 address from four eight-bit octets.
        ///
        /// The result will represent the IP address `a`.`b`.`c`.`d`.
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        pub fn new(a: u8, b: u8, c: u8, d: u8) -> Ipv4Addr {
            Ipv4Addr {
                inner: c::in_addr {
                    s_addr: hton(((a as u32) << 24) |
                                 ((b as u32) << 16) |
                                 ((c as u32) <<  8) |
                                  (d as u32)),
                }
            }
        }

        /// Returns the four eight-bit integers that make up this address.
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        pub fn octets(&self) -> [u8; 4] {
            let bits = ntoh(self.inner.s_addr);
            [(bits >> 24) as u8, (bits >> 16) as u8, (bits >> 8) as u8, bits as u8]
        }

        /// Returns true for the special 'unspecified' address (0.0.0.0).
        ///
        /// This property is defined in _UNIX Network Programming, Second Edition_,
        /// W. Richard Stevens, p. 891; see also [ip7]
        /// [ip7][http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/ip.7.html]
        #[stable(feature = "ip_shared", since = "1.12.0")]
        pub fn is_unspecified(&self) -> bool {
            self.inner.s_addr == 0
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a loopback address (127.0.0.0/8).
        ///
        /// This property is defined by [RFC 1122].
        /// [RFC 1122]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1122
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_loopback(&self) -> bool {
            self.octets()[0] == 127
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a private address.
        ///
        /// The private address ranges are defined in [RFC 1918] and include:
        /// [RFC 1918]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1918
        ///
        ///  - 10.0.0.0/8
        ///  - 172.16.0.0/12
        ///  - 192.168.0.0/16
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_private(&self) -> bool {
            match (self.octets()[0], self.octets()[1]) {
                (10, _) => true,
                (172, b) if b >= 16 && b <= 31 => true,
                (192, 168) => true,
                _ => false
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if the address is link-local (169.254.0.0/16).
        ///
        /// This property is defined by [RFC 3927].
        /// [RFC 3927]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3927
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_link_local(&self) -> bool {
            self.octets()[0] == 169 && self.octets()[1] == 254
        }

        /// Returns true if the address appears to be globally routable.
        /// See [iana-ipv4-special-registry][ipv4-sr].
        /// [ipv4-sr]: http://goo.gl/RaZ7lg
        ///
        /// The following return false:
        ///
        /// - private address (10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16)
        /// - the loopback address (127.0.0.0/8)
        /// - the link-local address (169.254.0.0/16)
        /// - the broadcast address (255.255.255.255/32)
        /// - test addresses used for documentation (192.0.2.0/24, 198.51.100.0/24 and 203.0.113.0/24)
        /// - the unspecified address (0.0.0.0)
        pub fn is_global(&self) -> bool {
            !self.is_private() && !self.is_loopback() && !self.is_link_local() &&
            !self.is_broadcast() && !self.is_documentation() && !self.is_unspecified()
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a multicast address (224.0.0.0/4).
        ///
        /// Multicast addresses have a most significant octet between 224 and 239,
        /// and is defined by [RFC 5771].
        /// [RFC 5771]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5771
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_multicast(&self) -> bool {
            self.octets()[0] >= 224 && self.octets()[0] <= 239
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a broadcast address (255.255.255.255).
        ///
        /// A broadcast address has all octets set to 255 as defined in [RFC 919].
        /// [RFC 919]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc919
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_broadcast(&self) -> bool {
            self.octets()[0] == 255 && self.octets()[1] == 255 &&
            self.octets()[2] == 255 && self.octets()[3] == 255
        }

        /// Returns true if this address is in a range designated for documentation.
        ///
        /// This is defined in [RFC 5737]:
        /// [RFC 5737]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5737
        ///
        /// - 192.0.2.0/24 (TEST-NET-1)
        /// - 198.51.100.0/24 (TEST-NET-2)
        /// - 203.0.113.0/24 (TEST-NET-3)
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_documentation(&self) -> bool {
            match(self.octets()[0], self.octets()[1], self.octets()[2], self.octets()[3]) {
                (192, 0, 2, _) => true,
                (198, 51, 100, _) => true,
                (203, 0, 113, _) => true,
                _ => false
            }
        }

        /// Converts this address to an IPv4-compatible IPv6 address.
        ///
        /// a.b.c.d becomes ::a.b.c.d
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        pub fn to_ipv6_compatible(&self) -> Ipv6Addr {
            Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                          ((self.octets()[0] as u16) << 8) | self.octets()[1] as u16,
                          ((self.octets()[2] as u16) << 8) | self.octets()[3] as u16)
        }

        /// Converts this address to an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address.
        ///
        /// a.b.c.d becomes ::ffff:a.b.c.d
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        pub fn to_ipv6_mapped(&self) -> Ipv6Addr {
            Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff,
                          ((self.octets()[0] as u16) << 8) | self.octets()[1] as u16,
                          ((self.octets()[2] as u16) << 8) | self.octets()[3] as u16)
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "ip_addr", since = "1.7.0")]
    impl fmt::Display for IpAddr {
        fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
            match *self {
                IpAddr::V4(ref a) => a.fmt(fmt),
                IpAddr::V6(ref a) => a.fmt(fmt),
            }
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl fmt::Display for Ipv4Addr {
        fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
            let octets = self.octets();
            write!(fmt, "{}.{}.{}.{}", octets[0], octets[1], octets[2], octets[3])
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl fmt::Debug for Ipv4Addr {
        fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
            fmt::Display::fmt(self, fmt)
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl Clone for Ipv4Addr {
        fn clone(&self) -> Ipv4Addr { *self }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl PartialEq for Ipv4Addr {
        fn eq(&self, other: &Ipv4Addr) -> bool {
            self.inner.s_addr == other.inner.s_addr
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl Eq for Ipv4Addr {}

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl hash::Hash for Ipv4Addr {
        fn hash<H: hash::Hasher>(&self, s: &mut H) {
            self.inner.s_addr.hash(s)
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl PartialOrd for Ipv4Addr {
        fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Ipv4Addr) -> Option<Ordering> {
            Some(self.cmp(other))
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl Ord for Ipv4Addr {
        fn cmp(&self, other: &Ipv4Addr) -> Ordering {
            ntoh(self.inner.s_addr).cmp(&ntoh(other.inner.s_addr))
        }
    }

    impl AsInner<c::in_addr> for Ipv4Addr {
        fn as_inner(&self) -> &c::in_addr { &self.inner }
    }
    impl FromInner<c::in_addr> for Ipv4Addr {
        fn from_inner(addr: c::in_addr) -> Ipv4Addr {
            Ipv4Addr { inner: addr }
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "ip_u32", since = "1.1.0")]
    impl From<Ipv4Addr> for u32 {
        fn from(ip: Ipv4Addr) -> u32 {
            let ip = ip.octets();
            ((ip[0] as u32) << 24) + ((ip[1] as u32) << 16) + ((ip[2] as u32) << 8) + (ip[3] as u32)
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "ip_u32", since = "1.1.0")]
    impl From<u32> for Ipv4Addr {
        fn from(ip: u32) -> Ipv4Addr {
            Ipv4Addr::new((ip >> 24) as u8, (ip >> 16) as u8, (ip >> 8) as u8, ip as u8)
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "from_slice_v4", since = "1.9.0")]
    impl From<[u8; 4]> for Ipv4Addr {
        fn from(octets: [u8; 4]) -> Ipv4Addr {
            Ipv4Addr::new(octets[0], octets[1], octets[2], octets[3])
        }
    }

    impl Ipv6Addr {
        /// Creates a new IPv6 address from eight 16-bit segments.
        ///
        /// The result will represent the IP address a:b:c:d:e:f:g:h.
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        pub fn new(a: u16, b: u16, c: u16, d: u16, e: u16, f: u16, g: u16,
                   h: u16) -> Ipv6Addr {
            let mut addr: c::in6_addr = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
            addr.s6_addr = [(a >> 8) as u8, a as u8,
                            (b >> 8) as u8, b as u8,
                            (c >> 8) as u8, c as u8,
                            (d >> 8) as u8, d as u8,
                            (e >> 8) as u8, e as u8,
                            (f >> 8) as u8, f as u8,
                            (g >> 8) as u8, g as u8,
                            (h >> 8) as u8, h as u8];
            Ipv6Addr { inner: addr }
        }

        /// Returns the eight 16-bit segments that make up this address.
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        pub fn segments(&self) -> [u16; 8] {
            let arr = &self.inner.s6_addr;
            [
                (arr[0] as u16) << 8 | (arr[1] as u16),
                (arr[2] as u16) << 8 | (arr[3] as u16),
                (arr[4] as u16) << 8 | (arr[5] as u16),
                (arr[6] as u16) << 8 | (arr[7] as u16),
                (arr[8] as u16) << 8 | (arr[9] as u16),
                (arr[10] as u16) << 8 | (arr[11] as u16),
                (arr[12] as u16) << 8 | (arr[13] as u16),
                (arr[14] as u16) << 8 | (arr[15] as u16),
            ]
        }

        /// Returns true for the special 'unspecified' address (::).
        ///
        /// This property is defined in [RFC 4291].
        /// [RFC 4291]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4291
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_unspecified(&self) -> bool {
            self.segments() == [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a loopback address (::1).
        ///
        /// This property is defined in [RFC 4291].
        /// [RFC 4291]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4291
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_loopback(&self) -> bool {
            self.segments() == [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]
        }

        /// Returns true if the address appears to be globally routable.
        ///
        /// The following return false:
        ///
        /// - the loopback address
        /// - link-local, site-local, and unique local unicast addresses
        /// - interface-, link-, realm-, admin- and site-local multicast addresses
        pub fn is_global(&self) -> bool {
            match self.multicast_scope() {
                Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::Global) => true,
                None => self.is_unicast_global(),
                _ => false
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a unique local address (fc00::/7).
        ///
        /// This property is defined in [RFC 4193].
        /// [RFC 4193]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4193
        pub fn is_unique_local(&self) -> bool {
            (self.segments()[0] & 0xfe00) == 0xfc00
        }

        /// Returns true if the address is unicast and link-local (fe80::/10).
        ///
        /// This property is defined in [RFC 4291].
        /// [RFC 4291]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4291
        pub fn is_unicast_link_local(&self) -> bool {
            (self.segments()[0] & 0xffc0) == 0xfe80
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a deprecated unicast site-local address
        /// (fec0::/10).
        pub fn is_unicast_site_local(&self) -> bool {
            (self.segments()[0] & 0xffc0) == 0xfec0
        }

        /// Returns true if this is an address reserved for documentation
        /// (2001:db8::/32).
        ///
        /// This property is defined in [RFC 3849].
        /// [RFC 3849]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3849
        pub fn is_documentation(&self) -> bool {
            (self.segments()[0] == 0x2001) && (self.segments()[1] == 0xdb8)
        }

        /// Returns true if the address is a globally routable unicast address.
        ///
        /// The following return false:
        ///
        /// - the loopback address
        /// - the link-local addresses
        /// - the (deprecated) site-local addresses
        /// - unique local addresses
        /// - the unspecified address
        /// - the address range reserved for documentation
        pub fn is_unicast_global(&self) -> bool {
            !self.is_multicast()
                && !self.is_loopback() && !self.is_unicast_link_local()
                && !self.is_unicast_site_local() && !self.is_unique_local()
                && !self.is_unspecified() && !self.is_documentation()
        }

        /// Returns the address's multicast scope if the address is multicast.
        pub fn multicast_scope(&self) -> Option<Ipv6MulticastScope> {
            if self.is_multicast() {
                match self.segments()[0] & 0x000f {
                    1 => Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::InterfaceLocal),
                    2 => Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::LinkLocal),
                    3 => Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::RealmLocal),
                    4 => Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::AdminLocal),
                    5 => Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::SiteLocal),
                    8 => Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::OrganizationLocal),
                    14 => Some(Ipv6MulticastScope::Global),
                    _ => None
                }
            } else {
                None
            }
        }

        /// Returns true if this is a multicast address (ff00::/8).
        ///
        /// This property is defined by [RFC 4291].
        /// [RFC 4291]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4291
        #[stable(since = "1.7.0", feature = "ip_17")]
        pub fn is_multicast(&self) -> bool {
            (self.segments()[0] & 0xff00) == 0xff00
        }

        /// Converts this address to an IPv4 address. Returns None if this address is
        /// neither IPv4-compatible or IPv4-mapped.
        ///
        /// ::a.b.c.d and ::ffff:a.b.c.d become a.b.c.d
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        pub fn to_ipv4(&self) -> Option<Ipv4Addr> {
            match self.segments() {
                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, f, g, h] if f == 0 || f == 0xffff => {
                    Some(Ipv4Addr::new((g >> 8) as u8, g as u8,
                                       (h >> 8) as u8, h as u8))
                },
                _ => None
            }
        }

        /// Returns the sixteen eight-bit integers the IPv6 address consists of.
        #[stable(feature = "ipv6_to_octets", since = "1.12.0")]
        pub fn octets(&self) -> [u8; 16] {
            self.inner.s6_addr
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl fmt::Display for Ipv6Addr {
        fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
            match self.segments() {
                // We need special cases for :: and ::1, otherwise they're formatted
                // as ::0.0.0.[01]
                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] => write!(fmt, "::"),
                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1] => write!(fmt, "::1"),
                // Ipv4 Compatible address
                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, g, h] => {
                    write!(fmt, "::{}.{}.{}.{}", (g >> 8) as u8, g as u8,
                           (h >> 8) as u8, h as u8)
                }
                // Ipv4-Mapped address
                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, g, h] => {
                    write!(fmt, "::ffff:{}.{}.{}.{}", (g >> 8) as u8, g as u8,
                           (h >> 8) as u8, h as u8)
                },
                _ => {
                    fn find_zero_slice(segments: &[u16; 8]) -> (usize, usize) {
                        let mut longest_span_len = 0;
                        let mut longest_span_at = 0;
                        let mut cur_span_len = 0;
                        let mut cur_span_at = 0;

                        for i in 0..8 {
                            if segments[i] == 0 {
                                if cur_span_len == 0 {
                                    cur_span_at = i;
                                }

                                cur_span_len += 1;

                                if cur_span_len > longest_span_len {
                                    longest_span_len = cur_span_len;
                                    longest_span_at = cur_span_at;
                                }
                            } else {
                                cur_span_len = 0;
                                cur_span_at = 0;
                            }
                        }

                        (longest_span_at, longest_span_len)
                    }

                    let (zeros_at, zeros_len) = find_zero_slice(&self.segments());

                    if zeros_len > 1 {
                        fn fmt_subslice(segments: &[u16], fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
                            if !segments.is_empty() {
                                write!(fmt, "{:x}", segments[0])?;
                                for &seg in &segments[1..] {
                                    write!(fmt, ":{:x}", seg)?;
                                }
                            }
                            Ok(())
                        }

                        fmt_subslice(&self.segments()[..zeros_at], fmt)?;
                        fmt.write_str("::")?;
                        fmt_subslice(&self.segments()[zeros_at + zeros_len..], fmt)
                    } else {
                        let &[a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h] = &self.segments();
                        write!(fmt, "{:x}:{:x}:{:x}:{:x}:{:x}:{:x}:{:x}:{:x}",
                               a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl fmt::Debug for Ipv6Addr {
        fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
            fmt::Display::fmt(self, fmt)
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl Clone for Ipv6Addr {
        fn clone(&self) -> Ipv6Addr { *self }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl PartialEq for Ipv6Addr {
        fn eq(&self, other: &Ipv6Addr) -> bool {
            self.inner.s6_addr == other.inner.s6_addr
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl Eq for Ipv6Addr {}

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl hash::Hash for Ipv6Addr {
        fn hash<H: hash::Hasher>(&self, s: &mut H) {
            self.inner.s6_addr.hash(s)
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl PartialOrd for Ipv6Addr {
        fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Ipv6Addr) -> Option<Ordering> {
            Some(self.cmp(other))
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    impl Ord for Ipv6Addr {
        fn cmp(&self, other: &Ipv6Addr) -> Ordering {
            self.segments().cmp(&other.segments())
        }
    }

    impl AsInner<c::in6_addr> for Ipv6Addr {
        fn as_inner(&self) -> &c::in6_addr { &self.inner }
    }
    impl FromInner<c::in6_addr> for Ipv6Addr {
        fn from_inner(addr: c::in6_addr) -> Ipv6Addr {
            Ipv6Addr { inner: addr }
        }
    }

    #[stable(feature = "ipv6_from_octets", since = "1.9.0")]
    impl From<[u8; 16]> for Ipv6Addr {
        fn from(octets: [u8; 16]) -> Ipv6Addr {
            let mut inner: c::in6_addr = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
            inner.s6_addr = octets;
            Ipv6Addr::from_inner(inner)
        }
    }

    // Tests for this module
    #[cfg(all(test, not(target_os = "emscripten")))]
    mod tests {
        use net::*;
        use net::Ipv6MulticastScope::*;
        use net::test::{tsa, sa6, sa4};

        #[test]
        fn test_from_str_ipv4() {
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1)), "127.0.0.1".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv4Addr::new(255, 255, 255, 255)), "255.255.255.255".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0)), "0.0.0.0".parse());

            // out of range
            let none: Option<Ipv4Addr> = "256.0.0.1".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // too short
            let none: Option<Ipv4Addr> = "255.0.0".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // too long
            let none: Option<Ipv4Addr> = "255.0.0.1.2".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // no number between dots
            let none: Option<Ipv4Addr> = "255.0..1".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_from_str_ipv6() {
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)), "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1)), "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".parse());

            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1)), "::1".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0)), "::".parse());

            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0x2a02, 0x6b8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x11, 0x11)),
                    "2a02:6b8::11:11".parse());

            // too long group
            let none: Option<Ipv6Addr> = "::00000".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // too short
            let none: Option<Ipv6Addr> = "1:2:3:4:5:6:7".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // too long
            let none: Option<Ipv6Addr> = "1:2:3:4:5:6:7:8:9".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // triple colon
            let none: Option<Ipv6Addr> = "1:2:::6:7:8".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // two double colons
            let none: Option<Ipv6Addr> = "1:2::6::8".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_from_str_ipv4_in_ipv6() {
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 49152, 545)),
                    "::192.0.2.33".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xFFFF, 49152, 545)),
                    "::FFFF:192.0.2.33".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0x64, 0xff9b, 0, 0, 0, 0, 49152, 545)),
                    "64:ff9b::192.0.2.33".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(Ipv6Addr::new(0x2001, 0xdb8, 0x122, 0xc000, 0x2, 0x2100, 49152, 545)),
                    "2001:db8:122:c000:2:2100:192.0.2.33".parse());

            // colon after v4
            let none: Option<Ipv4Addr> = "::127.0.0.1:".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // not enough groups
            let none: Option<Ipv6Addr> = "1.2.3.4.5:127.0.0.1".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // too many groups
            let none: Option<Ipv6Addr> = "1.2.3.4.5:6:7:127.0.0.1".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_from_str_socket_addr() {
            assert_eq!(Ok(sa4(Ipv4Addr::new(77, 88, 21, 11), 80)),
                       "77.88.21.11:80".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(SocketAddrV4::new(Ipv4Addr::new(77, 88, 21, 11), 80)),
                       "77.88.21.11:80".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(sa6(Ipv6Addr::new(0x2a02, 0x6b8, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1), 53)),
                       "[2a02:6b8:0:1::1]:53".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(SocketAddrV6::new(Ipv6Addr::new(0x2a02, 0x6b8, 0, 1,
                                                          0, 0, 0, 1), 53, 0, 0)),
                       "[2a02:6b8:0:1::1]:53".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(sa6(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x7F00, 1), 22)),
                       "[::127.0.0.1]:22".parse());
            assert_eq!(Ok(SocketAddrV6::new(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                                          0x7F00, 1), 22, 0, 0)),
                       "[::127.0.0.1]:22".parse());

            // without port
            let none: Option<SocketAddr> = "127.0.0.1".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // without port
            let none: Option<SocketAddr> = "127.0.0.1:".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // wrong brackets around v4
            let none: Option<SocketAddr> = "[127.0.0.1]:22".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
            // port out of range
            let none: Option<SocketAddr> = "127.0.0.1:123456".parse().ok();
            assert_eq!(None, none);
        }

        #[test]
        fn ipv6_addr_to_string() {
            // ipv4-mapped address
            let a1 = Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0xc000, 0x280);
            assert_eq!(a1.to_string(), "::ffff:192.0.2.128");

            // ipv4-compatible address
            let a1 = Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xc000, 0x280);
            assert_eq!(a1.to_string(), "::192.0.2.128");

            // v6 address with no zero segments
            assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15).to_string(),
                       "8:9:a:b:c:d:e:f");

            // reduce a single run of zeros
            assert_eq!("ae::ffff:102:304",
                       Ipv6Addr::new(0xae, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0x0102, 0x0304).to_string());

            // don't reduce just a single zero segment
            assert_eq!("1:2:3:4:5:6:0:8",
                       Ipv6Addr::new(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 0, 8).to_string());

            // 'any' address
            assert_eq!("::", Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0).to_string());

            // loopback address
            assert_eq!("::1", Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1).to_string());

            // ends in zeros
            assert_eq!("1::", Ipv6Addr::new(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0).to_string());

            // two runs of zeros, second one is longer
            assert_eq!("1:0:0:4::8", Ipv6Addr::new(1, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 8).to_string());

            // two runs of zeros, equal length
            assert_eq!("1::4:5:0:0:8", Ipv6Addr::new(1, 0, 0, 4, 5, 0, 0, 8).to_string());
        }

        #[test]
        fn ipv4_to_ipv6() {
            assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0x1234, 0x5678),
                       Ipv4Addr::new(0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78).to_ipv6_mapped());
            assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x1234, 0x5678),
                       Ipv4Addr::new(0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78).to_ipv6_compatible());
        }

        #[test]
        fn ipv6_to_ipv4() {
            assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0x1234, 0x5678).to_ipv4(),
                       Some(Ipv4Addr::new(0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78)));
            assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x1234, 0x5678).to_ipv4(),
                       Some(Ipv4Addr::new(0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78)));
            assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0x1234, 0x5678).to_ipv4(),
                       None);
        }

        #[test]
        fn ip_properties() {
            fn check4(octets: &[u8; 4], unspec: bool, loopback: bool,
                      global: bool, multicast: bool, documentation: bool) {
                let ip = IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(octets[0], octets[1], octets[2], octets[3]));
                assert_eq!(ip.is_unspecified(), unspec);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_loopback(), loopback);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_global(), global);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_multicast(), multicast);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_documentation(), documentation);
            }

            fn check6(str_addr: &str, unspec: bool, loopback: bool,
                      global: bool, u_doc: bool, mcast: bool) {
                let ip = IpAddr::V6(str_addr.parse().unwrap());
                assert_eq!(ip.is_unspecified(), unspec);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_loopback(), loopback);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_global(), global);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_documentation(), u_doc);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_multicast(), mcast);
            }

            //     address                unspec loopbk global multicast doc
            check4(&[0, 0, 0, 0],         true,  false, false,  false,   false);
            check4(&[0, 0, 0, 1],         false, false, true,   false,   false);
            check4(&[0, 1, 0, 0],         false, false, true,   false,   false);
            check4(&[10, 9, 8, 7],        false, false, false,  false,   false);
            check4(&[127, 1, 2, 3],       false, true,  false,  false,   false);
            check4(&[172, 31, 254, 253],  false, false, false,  false,   false);
            check4(&[169, 254, 253, 242], false, false, false,  false,   false);
            check4(&[192, 0, 2, 183],     false, false, false,  false,   true);
            check4(&[192, 1, 2, 183],     false, false, true,   false,   false);
            check4(&[192, 168, 254, 253], false, false, false,  false,   false);
            check4(&[198, 51, 100, 0],    false, false, false,  false,   true);
            check4(&[203, 0, 113, 0],     false, false, false,  false,   true);
            check4(&[203, 2, 113, 0],     false, false, true,   false,   false);
            check4(&[224, 0, 0, 0],       false, false, true,   true,    false);
            check4(&[239, 255, 255, 255], false, false, true,   true,    false);
            check4(&[255, 255, 255, 255], false, false, false,  false,   false);

            //     address                            unspec loopbk global doc    mcast
            check6("::",                              true,  false, false, false, false);
            check6("::1",                             false, true,  false, false, false);
            check6("::0.0.0.2",                       false, false, true,  false, false);
            check6("1::",                             false, false, true,  false, false);
            check6("fc00::",                          false, false, false, false, false);
            check6("fdff:ffff::",                     false, false, false, false, false);
            check6("fe80:ffff::",                     false, false, false, false, false);
            check6("febf:ffff::",                     false, false, false, false, false);
            check6("fec0::",                          false, false, false, false, false);
            check6("ff01::",                          false, false, false, false, true);
            check6("ff02::",                          false, false, false, false, true);
            check6("ff03::",                          false, false, false, false, true);
            check6("ff04::",                          false, false, false, false, true);
            check6("ff05::",                          false, false, false, false, true);
            check6("ff08::",                          false, false, false, false, true);
            check6("ff0e::",                          false, false, true,  false, true);
            check6("2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334",    false, false, false, true,  false);
            check6("102:304:506:708:90a:b0c:d0e:f10", false, false, true,  false, false);
        }

        #[test]
        fn ipv4_properties() {
            fn check(octets: &[u8; 4], unspec: bool, loopback: bool,
                     private: bool, link_local: bool, global: bool,
                     multicast: bool, broadcast: bool, documentation: bool) {
                let ip = Ipv4Addr::new(octets[0], octets[1], octets[2], octets[3]);
                assert_eq!(octets, &ip.octets());

                assert_eq!(ip.is_unspecified(), unspec);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_loopback(), loopback);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_private(), private);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_link_local(), link_local);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_global(), global);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_multicast(), multicast);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_broadcast(), broadcast);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_documentation(), documentation);
            }

            //    address                unspec loopbk privt  linloc global multicast brdcast doc
            check(&[0, 0, 0, 0],         true,  false, false, false, false,  false,    false,  false);
            check(&[0, 0, 0, 1],         false, false, false, false, true,   false,    false,  false);
            check(&[0, 1, 0, 0],         false, false, false, false, true,   false,    false,  false);
            check(&[10, 9, 8, 7],        false, false, true,  false, false,  false,    false,  false);
            check(&[127, 1, 2, 3],       false, true,  false, false, false,  false,    false,  false);
            check(&[172, 31, 254, 253],  false, false, true,  false, false,  false,    false,  false);
            check(&[169, 254, 253, 242], false, false, false, true,  false,  false,    false,  false);
            check(&[192, 0, 2, 183],     false, false, false, false, false,  false,    false,  true);
            check(&[192, 1, 2, 183],     false, false, false, false, true,   false,    false,  false);
            check(&[192, 168, 254, 253], false, false, true,  false, false,  false,    false,  false);
            check(&[198, 51, 100, 0],    false, false, false, false, false,  false,    false,  true);
            check(&[203, 0, 113, 0],     false, false, false, false, false,  false,    false,  true);
            check(&[203, 2, 113, 0],     false, false, false, false, true,   false,    false,  false);
            check(&[224, 0, 0, 0],       false, false, false, false, true,   true,     false,  false);
            check(&[239, 255, 255, 255], false, false, false, false, true,   true,     false,  false);
            check(&[255, 255, 255, 255], false, false, false, false, false,  false,    true,   false);
        }

        #[test]
        fn ipv6_properties() {
            fn check(str_addr: &str, octets: &[u8; 16], unspec: bool, loopback: bool,
                     unique_local: bool, global: bool,
                     u_link_local: bool, u_site_local: bool, u_global: bool, u_doc: bool,
                     m_scope: Option<Ipv6MulticastScope>) {
                let ip: Ipv6Addr = str_addr.parse().unwrap();
                assert_eq!(str_addr, ip.to_string());
                assert_eq!(&ip.octets(), octets);
                assert_eq!(Ipv6Addr::from(*octets), ip);

                assert_eq!(ip.is_unspecified(), unspec);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_loopback(), loopback);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_unique_local(), unique_local);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_global(), global);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_unicast_link_local(), u_link_local);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_unicast_site_local(), u_site_local);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_unicast_global(), u_global);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_documentation(), u_doc);
                assert_eq!(ip.multicast_scope(), m_scope);
                assert_eq!(ip.is_multicast(), m_scope.is_some());
            }

            //    unspec loopbk uniqlo global unill  unisl  uniglo doc    mscope
            check("::", &[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  true,  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, None);
            check("::1", &[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
                  false, true,  false, false, false, false, false, false, None);
            check("::0.0.0.2", &[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2],
                  false, false, false, true,  false, false, true,  false, None);
            check("1::", &[0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, true,  false, false, true,  false, None);
            check("fc00::", &[0xfc, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, true,  false, false, false, false, false, None);
            check("fdff:ffff::", &[0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, true,  false, false, false, false, false, None);
            check("fe80:ffff::", &[0xfe, 0x80, 0xff, 0xff, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, true,  false, false, false, None);
            check("febf:ffff::", &[0xfe, 0xbf, 0xff, 0xff, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, true,  false, false, false, None);
            check("fec0::", &[0xfe, 0xc0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, false, true,  false, false, None);
            check("ff01::", &[0xff, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, Some(InterfaceLocal));
            check("ff02::", &[0xff, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, Some(LinkLocal));
            check("ff03::", &[0xff, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, Some(RealmLocal));
            check("ff04::", &[0xff, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, Some(AdminLocal));
            check("ff05::", &[0xff, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, Some(SiteLocal));
            check("ff08::", &[0xff, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false, Some(OrganizationLocal));
            check("ff0e::", &[0xff, 0xe, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
                  false, false, false, true,  false, false, false, false, Some(Global));
            check("2001:db8:85a3::8a2e:370:7334",
                  &[0x20, 1, 0xd, 0xb8, 0x85, 0xa3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x8a, 0x2e, 3, 0x70, 0x73, 0x34],
                  false, false, false, false, false, false, false, true, None);
            check("102:304:506:708:90a:b0c:d0e:f10",
                  &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16],
                  false, false, false, true,  false, false, true,  false, None);
        }

        #[test]
        fn to_socket_addr_socketaddr() {
            let a = sa4(Ipv4Addr::new(77, 88, 21, 11), 12345);
            assert_eq!(Ok(vec![a]), tsa(a));
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_ipv4_to_int() {
            let a = Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1);
            assert_eq!(u32::from(a), 2130706433);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_int_to_ipv4() {
            let a = Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1);
            assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::from(2130706433), a);
        }

        #[test]
        fn ipv4_from_u32_slice() {
            assert_eq!(Ipv4Addr::from([127, 0, 0, 1]), Ipv4Addr::new(127, 0, 0, 1))
        }

        #[test]
        fn ord() {
            assert!(Ipv4Addr::new(100, 64, 3, 3) < Ipv4Addr::new(192, 0, 2, 2));
            assert!("2001:db8:f00::1002".parse::<Ipv6Addr>().unwrap() <
                    "2001:db8:f00::2001".parse::<Ipv6Addr>().unwrap());
        }

        #[test]
        fn is_v4() {
            let ip = IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(100, 64, 3, 3));
            assert!(ip.is_ipv4());
            assert!(!ip.is_ipv6());
        }

        #[test]
        fn is_v6() {
            let ip = IpAddr::V6(Ipv6Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xffff, 0x1234, 0x5678));
            assert!(!ip.is_ipv4());
            assert!(ip.is_ipv6());
        }
    }

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