# This file is from the selectors2.py package.  It backports the PSF Licensed
# selectors module from the Python-3.5 stdlib to older versions of Python.
# The author, Seth Michael Larson, dual licenses his modifications under the
# PSF License and MIT License:
# https://github.com/SethMichaelLarson/selectors2#license
#
# Seth's copy of the MIT license is reproduced below
#
# MIT License
#
# Copyright (c) 2016 Seth Michael Larson
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.


# Backport of selectors.py from Python 3.5+ to support Python < 3.4
# Also has the behavior specified in PEP 475 which is to retry syscalls
# in the case of an EINTR error. This module is required because selectors34
# does not follow this behavior and instead returns that no dile descriptor
# events have occurred rather than retry the syscall. The decision to drop
# support for select.devpoll is made to maintain 100% test coverage.

import errno
import math
import select
import socket
import sys
import time
from collections import namedtuple, Mapping

try:
    monotonic = time.monotonic
except (AttributeError, ImportError):  # Python 3.3<
    monotonic = time.time

__author__ = 'Seth Michael Larson'
__email__ = 'sethmichaellarson@protonmail.com'
__version__ = '1.1.0'
__license__ = 'MIT'

__all__ = [
    'EVENT_READ',
    'EVENT_WRITE',
    'SelectorError',
    'SelectorKey',
    'DefaultSelector'
]

EVENT_READ = (1 << 0)
EVENT_WRITE = (1 << 1)

HAS_SELECT = True  # Variable that shows whether the platform has a selector.
_SYSCALL_SENTINEL = object()  # Sentinel in case a system call returns None.


class SelectorError(Exception):
    def __init__(self, errcode):
        super(SelectorError, self).__init__()
        self.errno = errcode

    def __repr__(self):
        return "<SelectorError errno={0}>".format(self.errno)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.__repr__()


def _fileobj_to_fd(fileobj):
    """ Return a file descriptor from a file object. If
    given an integer will simply return that integer back. """
    if isinstance(fileobj, int):
        fd = fileobj
    else:
        try:
            fd = int(fileobj.fileno())
        except (AttributeError, TypeError, ValueError):
            raise ValueError("Invalid file object: {0!r}".format(fileobj))
    if fd < 0:
        raise ValueError("Invalid file descriptor: {0}".format(fd))
    return fd

# Python 3.5 uses a more direct route to wrap system calls to increase speed.
if sys.version_info >= (3, 5):
    def _syscall_wrapper(func, _, *args, **kwargs):
        """ This is the short-circuit version of the below logic
        because in Python 3.5+ all selectors restart system calls. """
        try:
            return func(*args, **kwargs)
        except (OSError, IOError, select.error) as e:
            errcode = None
            if hasattr(e, "errno"):
                errcode = e.errno
            elif hasattr(e, "args"):
                errcode = e.args[0]
            raise SelectorError(errcode)
else:
    def _syscall_wrapper(func, recalc_timeout, *args, **kwargs):
        """ Wrapper function for syscalls that could fail due to EINTR.
        All functions should be retried if there is time left in the timeout
        in accordance with PEP 475. """
        timeout = kwargs.get("timeout", None)
        if timeout is None:
            expires = None
            recalc_timeout = False
        else:
            timeout = float(timeout)
            if timeout < 0.0:  # Timeout less than 0 treated as no timeout.
                expires = None
            else:
                expires = monotonic() + timeout

        args = list(args)
        if recalc_timeout and "timeout" not in kwargs:
            raise ValueError(
                "Timeout must be in args or kwargs to be recalculated")

        result = _SYSCALL_SENTINEL
        while result is _SYSCALL_SENTINEL:
            try:
                result = func(*args, **kwargs)
            # OSError is thrown by select.select
            # IOError is thrown by select.epoll.poll
            # select.error is thrown by select.poll.poll
            # Aren't we thankful for Python 3.x rework for exceptions?
            except (OSError, IOError, select.error) as e:
                # select.error wasn't a subclass of OSError in the past.
                errcode = None
                if hasattr(e, "errno"):
                    errcode = e.errno
                elif hasattr(e, "args"):
                    errcode = e.args[0]

                # Also test for the Windows equivalent of EINTR.
                is_interrupt = (errcode == errno.EINTR or (hasattr(errno, "WSAEINTR") and
                                                           errcode == errno.WSAEINTR))

                if is_interrupt:
                    if expires is not None:
                        current_time = monotonic()
                        if current_time > expires:
                            raise OSError(errno=errno.ETIMEDOUT)
                        if recalc_timeout:
                            if "timeout" in kwargs:
                                kwargs["timeout"] = expires - current_time
                    continue
                if errcode:
                    raise SelectorError(errcode)
                else:
                    raise
        return result


SelectorKey = namedtuple('SelectorKey', ['fileobj', 'fd', 'events', 'data'])


class _SelectorMapping(Mapping):
    """ Mapping of file objects to selector keys """

    def __init__(self, selector):
        self._selector = selector

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self._selector._fd_to_key)

    def __getitem__(self, fileobj):
        try:
            fd = self._selector._fileobj_lookup(fileobj)
            return self._selector._fd_to_key[fd]
        except KeyError:
            raise KeyError("{0!r} is not registered.".format(fileobj))

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self._selector._fd_to_key)


class BaseSelector(object):
    """ Abstract Selector class

    A selector supports registering file objects to be monitored
    for specific I/O events.

    A file object is a file descriptor or any object with a
    `fileno()` method. An arbitrary object can be attached to the
    file object which can be used for example to store context info,
    a callback, etc.

    A selector can use various implementations (select(), poll(), epoll(),
    and kqueue()) depending on the platform. The 'DefaultSelector' class uses
    the most efficient implementation for the current platform.
    """
    def __init__(self):
        # Maps file descriptors to keys.
        self._fd_to_key = {}

        # Read-only mapping returned by get_map()
        self._map = _SelectorMapping(self)

    def _fileobj_lookup(self, fileobj):
        """ Return a file descriptor from a file object.
        This wraps _fileobj_to_fd() to do an exhaustive
        search in case the object is invalid but we still
        have it in our map. Used by unregister() so we can
        unregister an object that was previously registered
        even if it is closed. It is also used by _SelectorMapping
        """
        try:
            return _fileobj_to_fd(fileobj)
        except ValueError:

            # Search through all our mapped keys.
            for key in self._fd_to_key.values():
                if key.fileobj is fileobj:
                    return key.fd

            # Raise ValueError after all.
            raise

    def register(self, fileobj, events, data=None):
        """ Register a file object for a set of events to monitor. """
        if (not events) or (events & ~(EVENT_READ | EVENT_WRITE)):
            raise ValueError("Invalid events: {0!r}".format(events))

        key = SelectorKey(fileobj, self._fileobj_lookup(fileobj), events, data)

        if key.fd in self._fd_to_key:
            raise KeyError("{0!r} (FD {1}) is already registered"
                           .format(fileobj, key.fd))

        self._fd_to_key[key.fd] = key
        return key

    def unregister(self, fileobj):
        """ Unregister a file object from being monitored. """
        try:
            key = self._fd_to_key.pop(self._fileobj_lookup(fileobj))
        except KeyError:
            raise KeyError("{0!r} is not registered".format(fileobj))

        # Getting the fileno of a closed socket on Windows errors with EBADF.
        except socket.error as err:
            if err.errno != errno.EBADF:
                raise
            else:
                for key in self._fd_to_key.values():
                    if key.fileobj is fileobj:
                        self._fd_to_key.pop(key.fd)
                        break
                else:
                    raise KeyError("{0!r} is not registered".format(fileobj))
        return key

    def modify(self, fileobj, events, data=None):
        """ Change a registered file object monitored events and data. """
        # NOTE: Some subclasses optimize this operation even further.
        try:
            key = self._fd_to_key[self._fileobj_lookup(fileobj)]
        except KeyError:
            raise KeyError("{0!r} is not registered".format(fileobj))

        if events != key.events:
            self.unregister(fileobj)
            key = self.register(fileobj, events, data)

        elif data != key.data:
            # Use a shortcut to update the data.
            key = key._replace(data=data)
            self._fd_to_key[key.fd] = key

        return key

    def select(self, timeout=None):
        """ Perform the actual selection until some monitored file objects
        are ready or the timeout expires. """
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def close(self):
        """ Close the selector. This must be called to ensure that all
        underlying resources are freed. """
        self._fd_to_key.clear()
        self._map = None

    def get_key(self, fileobj):
        """ Return the key associated with a registered file object. """
        mapping = self.get_map()
        if mapping is None:
            raise RuntimeError("Selector is closed")
        try:
            return mapping[fileobj]
        except KeyError:
            raise KeyError("{0!r} is not registered".format(fileobj))

    def get_map(self):
        """ Return a mapping of file objects to selector keys """
        return self._map

    def _key_from_fd(self, fd):
        """ Return the key associated to a given file descriptor
         Return None if it is not found. """
        try:
            return self._fd_to_key[fd]
        except KeyError:
            return None

    def __enter__(self):
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *args):
        self.close()

# Almost all platforms have select.select()
if hasattr(select, "select"):
    class SelectSelector(BaseSelector):
        """ Select-based selector. """
        def __init__(self):
            super(SelectSelector, self).__init__()
            self._readers = set()
            self._writers = set()

        def register(self, fileobj, events, data=None):
            key = super(SelectSelector, self).register(fileobj, events, data)
            if events & EVENT_READ:
                self._readers.add(key.fd)
            if events & EVENT_WRITE:
                self._writers.add(key.fd)
            return key

        def unregister(self, fileobj):
            key = super(SelectSelector, self).unregister(fileobj)
            self._readers.discard(key.fd)
            self._writers.discard(key.fd)
            return key

        def _select(self, r, w, timeout=None):
            """ Wrapper for select.select because timeout is a positional arg """
            return select.select(r, w, [], timeout)

        def select(self, timeout=None):
            # Selecting on empty lists on Windows errors out.
            if not len(self._readers) and not len(self._writers):
                return []

            timeout = None if timeout is None else max(timeout, 0.0)
            ready = []
            r, w, _ = _syscall_wrapper(self._select, True, self._readers,
                                       self._writers, timeout)
            r = set(r)
            w = set(w)
            for fd in r | w:
                events = 0
                if fd in r:
                    events |= EVENT_READ
                if fd in w:
                    events |= EVENT_WRITE

                key = self._key_from_fd(fd)
                if key:
                    ready.append((key, events & key.events))
            return ready

    __all__.append('SelectSelector')


if hasattr(select, "poll"):
    class PollSelector(BaseSelector):
        """ Poll-based selector """
        def __init__(self):
            super(PollSelector, self).__init__()
            self._poll = select.poll()

        def register(self, fileobj, events, data=None):
            key = super(PollSelector, self).register(fileobj, events, data)
            event_mask = 0
            if events & EVENT_READ:
                event_mask |= select.POLLIN
            if events & EVENT_WRITE:
                event_mask |= select.POLLOUT
            self._poll.register(key.fd, event_mask)
            return key

        def unregister(self, fileobj):
            key = super(PollSelector, self).unregister(fileobj)
            self._poll.unregister(key.fd)
            return key

        def _wrap_poll(self, timeout=None):
            """ Wrapper function for select.poll.poll() so that
            _syscall_wrapper can work with only seconds. """
            if timeout is not None:
                if timeout <= 0:
                    timeout = 0
                else:
                    # select.poll.poll() has a resolution of 1 millisecond,
                    # round away from zero to wait *at least* timeout seconds.
                    timeout = math.ceil(timeout * 1e3)

            result = self._poll.poll(timeout)
            return result

        def select(self, timeout=None):
            ready = []
            fd_events = _syscall_wrapper(self._wrap_poll, True, timeout=timeout)
            for fd, event_mask in fd_events:
                events = 0
                if event_mask & ~select.POLLIN:
                    events |= EVENT_WRITE
                if event_mask & ~select.POLLOUT:
                    events |= EVENT_READ

                key = self._key_from_fd(fd)
                if key:
                    ready.append((key, events & key.events))

            return ready

    __all__.append('PollSelector')

if hasattr(select, "epoll"):
    class EpollSelector(BaseSelector):
        """ Epoll-based selector """
        def __init__(self):
            super(EpollSelector, self).__init__()
            self._epoll = select.epoll()

        def fileno(self):
            return self._epoll.fileno()

        def register(self, fileobj, events, data=None):
            key = super(EpollSelector, self).register(fileobj, events, data)
            events_mask = 0
            if events & EVENT_READ:
                events_mask |= select.EPOLLIN
            if events & EVENT_WRITE:
                events_mask |= select.EPOLLOUT
            _syscall_wrapper(self._epoll.register, False, key.fd, events_mask)
            return key

        def unregister(self, fileobj):
            key = super(EpollSelector, self).unregister(fileobj)
            try:
                _syscall_wrapper(self._epoll.unregister, False, key.fd)
            except SelectorError:
                # This can occur when the fd was closed since registry.
                pass
            return key

        def select(self, timeout=None):
            if timeout is not None:
                if timeout <= 0:
                    timeout = 0.0
                else:
                    # select.epoll.poll() has a resolution of 1 millisecond
                    # but luckily takes seconds so we don't need a wrapper
                    # like PollSelector. Just for better rounding.
                    timeout = math.ceil(timeout * 1e3) * 1e-3
                timeout = float(timeout)
            else:
                timeout = -1.0  # epoll.poll() must have a float.

            # We always want at least 1 to ensure that select can be called
            # with no file descriptors registered. Otherwise will fail.
            max_events = max(len(self._fd_to_key), 1)

            ready = []
            fd_events = _syscall_wrapper(self._epoll.poll, True,
                                         timeout=timeout,
                                         maxevents=max_events)
            for fd, event_mask in fd_events:
                events = 0
                if event_mask & ~select.EPOLLIN:
                    events |= EVENT_WRITE
                if event_mask & ~select.EPOLLOUT:
                    events |= EVENT_READ

                key = self._key_from_fd(fd)
                if key:
                    ready.append((key, events & key.events))
            return ready

        def close(self):
            self._epoll.close()
            super(EpollSelector, self).close()

    __all__.append('EpollSelector')


if hasattr(select, "devpoll"):
    class DevpollSelector(BaseSelector):
        """Solaris /dev/poll selector."""

        def __init__(self):
            super(DevpollSelector, self).__init__()
            self._devpoll = select.devpoll()

        def fileno(self):
            return self._devpoll.fileno()

        def register(self, fileobj, events, data=None):
            key = super(DevpollSelector, self).register(fileobj, events, data)
            poll_events = 0
            if events & EVENT_READ:
                poll_events |= select.POLLIN
            if events & EVENT_WRITE:
                poll_events |= select.POLLOUT
            self._devpoll.register(key.fd, poll_events)
            return key

        def unregister(self, fileobj):
            key = super(DevpollSelector, self).unregister(fileobj)
            self._devpoll.unregister(key.fd)
            return key

        def _wrap_poll(self, timeout=None):
            """ Wrapper function for select.poll.poll() so that
            _syscall_wrapper can work with only seconds. """
            if timeout is not None:
                if timeout <= 0:
                    timeout = 0
                else:
                    # select.devpoll.poll() has a resolution of 1 millisecond,
                    # round away from zero to wait *at least* timeout seconds.
                    timeout = math.ceil(timeout * 1e3)

            result = self._devpoll.poll(timeout)
            return result

        def select(self, timeout=None):
            ready = []
            fd_events = _syscall_wrapper(self._wrap_poll, True, timeout=timeout)
            for fd, event_mask in fd_events:
                events = 0
                if event_mask & ~select.POLLIN:
                    events |= EVENT_WRITE
                if event_mask & ~select.POLLOUT:
                    events |= EVENT_READ

                key = self._key_from_fd(fd)
                if key:
                    ready.append((key, events & key.events))

            return ready

        def close(self):
            self._devpoll.close()
            super(DevpollSelector, self).close()

    __all__.append('DevpollSelector')


if hasattr(select, "kqueue"):
    class KqueueSelector(BaseSelector):
        """ Kqueue / Kevent-based selector """
        def __init__(self):
            super(KqueueSelector, self).__init__()
            self._kqueue = select.kqueue()

        def fileno(self):
            return self._kqueue.fileno()

        def register(self, fileobj, events, data=None):
            key = super(KqueueSelector, self).register(fileobj, events, data)
            if events & EVENT_READ:
                kevent = select.kevent(key.fd,
                                       select.KQ_FILTER_READ,
                                       select.KQ_EV_ADD)

                _syscall_wrapper(self._kqueue.control, False, [kevent], 0, 0)

            if events & EVENT_WRITE:
                kevent = select.kevent(key.fd,
                                       select.KQ_FILTER_WRITE,
                                       select.KQ_EV_ADD)

                _syscall_wrapper(self._kqueue.control, False, [kevent], 0, 0)

            return key

        def unregister(self, fileobj):
            key = super(KqueueSelector, self).unregister(fileobj)
            if key.events & EVENT_READ:
                kevent = select.kevent(key.fd,
                                       select.KQ_FILTER_READ,
                                       select.KQ_EV_DELETE)
                try:
                    _syscall_wrapper(self._kqueue.control, False, [kevent], 0, 0)
                except SelectorError:
                    pass
            if key.events & EVENT_WRITE:
                kevent = select.kevent(key.fd,
                                       select.KQ_FILTER_WRITE,
                                       select.KQ_EV_DELETE)
                try:
                    _syscall_wrapper(self._kqueue.control, False, [kevent], 0, 0)
                except SelectorError:
                    pass

            return key

        def select(self, timeout=None):
            if timeout is not None:
                timeout = max(timeout, 0)

            max_events = len(self._fd_to_key) * 2
            ready_fds = {}

            kevent_list = _syscall_wrapper(self._kqueue.control, True,
                                           None, max_events, timeout)

            for kevent in kevent_list:
                fd = kevent.ident
                event_mask = kevent.filter
                events = 0
                if event_mask == select.KQ_FILTER_READ:
                    events |= EVENT_READ
                if event_mask == select.KQ_FILTER_WRITE:
                    events |= EVENT_WRITE

                key = self._key_from_fd(fd)
                if key:
                    if key.fd not in ready_fds:
                        ready_fds[key.fd] = (key, events & key.events)
                    else:
                        old_events = ready_fds[key.fd][1]
                        ready_fds[key.fd] = (key, (events | old_events) & key.events)

            return list(ready_fds.values())

        def close(self):
            self._kqueue.close()
            super(KqueueSelector, self).close()

    __all__.append('KqueueSelector')


# Choose the best implementation, roughly:
# kqueue == epoll == devpoll > poll > select.
# select() also can't accept a FD > FD_SETSIZE (usually around 1024)
if 'KqueueSelector' in globals():  # Platform-specific: Mac OS and BSD
    DefaultSelector = KqueueSelector
elif 'DevpollSelector' in globals():
    DefaultSelector = DevpollSelector
elif 'EpollSelector' in globals():  # Platform-specific: Linux
    DefaultSelector = EpollSelector
elif 'PollSelector' in globals():  # Platform-specific: Linux
    DefaultSelector = PollSelector
elif 'SelectSelector' in globals():  # Platform-specific: Windows
    DefaultSelector = SelectSelector
else:  # Platform-specific: AppEngine
    def no_selector(_):
        raise ValueError("Platform does not have a selector")
    DefaultSelector = no_selector
    HAS_SELECT = False
