/*=========================================================================

  Program:   Visualization Toolkit
  Module:    vtkCell.h

  Copyright (c) Ken Martin, Will Schroeder, Bill Lorensen
  All rights reserved.
  See Copyright.txt or http://www.kitware.com/Copyright.htm for details.

     This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even
     the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
     PURPOSE.  See the above copyright notice for more information.

=========================================================================*/
// .NAME vtkCell - abstract class to specify cell behavior
// .SECTION Description
// vtkCell is an abstract class that specifies the interfaces for data cells.
// Data cells are simple topological elements like points, lines, polygons,
// and tetrahedra of which visualization datasets are composed. In some
// cases visualization datasets may explicitly represent cells (e.g.,
// vtkPolyData, vtkUnstructuredGrid), and in some cases, the datasets are
// implicitly composed of cells (e.g., vtkStructuredPoints).
//
// .SECTION Caveats
// The \#define VTK_CELL_SIZE is a parameter used to construct cells and provide
// a general guideline for controlling object execution. This parameter is
// not a hard boundary: you can create cells with more points.

// .SECTION See Also
// vtkHexahedron vtkLine vtkPixel vtkPolyLine vtkPolyVertex
// vtkPolygon vtkQuad vtkTetra vtkTriangle
// vtkTriangleStrip vtkVertex vtkVoxel vtkWedge vtkPyramid

#ifndef vtkCell_h
#define vtkCell_h

#define VTK_CELL_SIZE 512
#define VTK_TOL 1.e-05 // Tolerance for geometric calculation

#include "vtkCommonDataModelModule.h" // For export macro
#include "vtkObject.h"

#include "vtkIdList.h" // Needed for inline methods
#include "vtkCellType.h" // Needed to define cell types

class vtkCellArray;
class vtkCellData;
class vtkDataArray;
class vtkPointData;
class vtkIncrementalPointLocator;
class vtkPoints;

class VTKCOMMONDATAMODEL_EXPORT vtkCell : public vtkObject
{
public:
  vtkTypeMacro(vtkCell,vtkObject);
  void PrintSelf(ostream& os, vtkIndent indent);

  // Description:
  // Initialize cell from outside with point ids and point
  // coordinates specified.
  void Initialize(int npts, vtkIdType *pts, vtkPoints *p);

  // Description:
  // Copy this cell by reference counting the internal data structures.
  // This is safe if you want a "read-only" copy. If you modify the cell
  // you might wish to use DeepCopy().
  virtual void ShallowCopy(vtkCell *c);

  // Description:
  // Copy this cell by completely copying internal data structures. This is
  // slower but safer than ShallowCopy().
  virtual void DeepCopy(vtkCell *c);

  // Description:
  // Return the type of cell.
  virtual int GetCellType() = 0;

  // Description:
  // Return the topological dimensional of the cell (0,1,2, or 3).
  virtual int GetCellDimension() = 0;

  // Description:
  // Non-linear cells require special treatment beyond the usual cell type
  // and connectivity list information.  Most cells in VTK are implicit
  // cells.
  virtual int IsLinear() {return 1;}

  // Description:
  // Some cells require initialization prior to access. For example, they
  // may have to triangulate themselves or set up internal data structures.
  virtual int RequiresInitialization() {return 0;}
  virtual void Initialize() {}

  // Description:
  // Explicit cells require additional representational information
  // beyond the usual cell type and connectivity list information.
  // Most cells in VTK are implicit cells.
  virtual int IsExplicitCell() {return 0;}

  // Description:
  // Determine whether the cell requires explicit face representation, and
  // methods for setting and getting the faces (see vtkPolyhedron for example
  // usage of these methods).
  virtual int RequiresExplicitFaceRepresentation() {return 0;}
  virtual void SetFaces(vtkIdType *vtkNotUsed(faces)) {}
  virtual vtkIdType *GetFaces() {return NULL;}

  // Description:
  // Get the point coordinates for the cell.
  vtkPoints *GetPoints() {return this->Points;}

  // Description:
  // Return the number of points in the cell.
  vtkIdType GetNumberOfPoints() {return this->PointIds->GetNumberOfIds();}

  // Description:
  // Return the number of edges in the cell.
  virtual int GetNumberOfEdges() = 0;

  // Description:
  // Return the number of faces in the cell.
  virtual int GetNumberOfFaces() = 0;

  // Description:
  // Return the list of point ids defining the cell.
  vtkIdList *GetPointIds() {return this->PointIds;}

  // Description:
  // For cell point i, return the actual point id.
  vtkIdType GetPointId(int ptId) {return this->PointIds->GetId(ptId);}

  // Description:
  // Return the edge cell from the edgeId of the cell.
  virtual vtkCell *GetEdge(int edgeId) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Return the face cell from the faceId of the cell.
  virtual vtkCell *GetFace(int faceId) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Given parametric coordinates of a point, return the closest cell
  // boundary, and whether the point is inside or outside of the cell. The
  // cell boundary is defined by a list of points (pts) that specify a face
  // (3D cell), edge (2D cell), or vertex (1D cell). If the return value of
  // the method is != 0, then the point is inside the cell.
  virtual int CellBoundary(int subId, double pcoords[3], vtkIdList *pts) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Given a point x[3] return inside(=1), outside(=0) cell, or (-1)
  // computational problem encountered; evaluate
  // parametric coordinates, sub-cell id (!=0 only if cell is composite),
  // distance squared of point x[3] to cell (in particular, the sub-cell
  // indicated), closest point on cell to x[3] (unless closestPoint is null,
  // in which case, the closest point and dist2 are not found), and
  // interpolation weights in cell. (The number of weights is equal to the
  // number of points defining the cell). Note: on rare occasions a -1 is
  // returned from the method. This means that numerical error has occurred
  // and all data returned from this method should be ignored. Also,
  // inside/outside is determine parametrically. That is, a point is inside
  // if it satisfies parametric limits. This can cause problems for cells of
  // topological dimension 2 or less, since a point in 3D can project onto
  // the cell within parametric limits but be "far" from the cell.  Thus the
  // value dist2 may be checked to determine true in/out.
  virtual int EvaluatePosition(double x[3], double* closestPoint,
                               int& subId, double pcoords[3],
                               double& dist2, double *weights) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Determine global coordinate (x[3]) from subId and parametric coordinates.
  // Also returns interpolation weights. (The number of weights is equal to
  // the number of points in the cell.)
  virtual void EvaluateLocation(int& subId, double pcoords[3],
                                double x[3], double *weights) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Generate contouring primitives. The scalar list cellScalars are
  // scalar values at each cell point. The point locator is essentially a
  // points list that merges points as they are inserted (i.e., prevents
  // duplicates). Contouring primitives can be vertices, lines, or
  // polygons. It is possible to interpolate point data along the edge
  // by providing input and output point data - if outPd is NULL, then
  // no interpolation is performed. Also, if the output cell data is
  // non-NULL, the cell data from the contoured cell is passed to the
  // generated contouring primitives. (Note: the CopyAllocate() method
  // must be invoked on both the output cell and point data. The
  // cellId refers to the cell from which the cell data is copied.)
  virtual void Contour(double value, vtkDataArray *cellScalars,
                       vtkIncrementalPointLocator *locator, vtkCellArray *verts,
                       vtkCellArray *lines, vtkCellArray *polys,
                       vtkPointData *inPd, vtkPointData *outPd,
                       vtkCellData *inCd, vtkIdType cellId,
                       vtkCellData *outCd) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Cut (or clip) the cell based on the input cellScalars and the
  // specified value. The output of the clip operation will be one or
  // more cells of the same topological dimension as the original cell.
  // The flag insideOut controls what part of the cell is considered inside -
  // normally cell points whose scalar value is greater than "value" are
  // considered inside. If insideOut is on, this is reversed. Also, if the
  // output cell data is non-NULL, the cell data from the clipped cell is
  // passed to the generated contouring primitives. (Note: the CopyAllocate()
  // method must be invoked on both the output cell and point data. The
  // cellId refers to the cell from which the cell data is copied.)
  virtual void Clip(double value, vtkDataArray *cellScalars,
                    vtkIncrementalPointLocator *locator, vtkCellArray *connectivity,
                    vtkPointData *inPd, vtkPointData *outPd,
                    vtkCellData *inCd, vtkIdType cellId, vtkCellData *outCd,
                    int insideOut) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Intersect with a ray. Return parametric coordinates (both line and cell)
  // and global intersection coordinates, given ray definition p1[3], p2[3] and tolerance tol.
  // The method returns non-zero value if intersection occurs. A parametric distance t
  // between 0 and 1 along the ray representing the intersection point, the point coordinates
  // x[3] in data coordinates and also pcoords[3] in parametric coordinates. subId is the index
  // within the cell if a composed cell like a triangle strip.
  virtual int IntersectWithLine(double p1[3], double p2[3],
                                double tol, double& t, double x[3],
                                double pcoords[3], int& subId) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Generate simplices of proper dimension. If cell is 3D, tetrahedron are
  // generated; if 2D triangles; if 1D lines; if 0D points. The form of the
  // output is a sequence of points, each n+1 points (where n is topological
  // cell dimension) defining a simplex. The index is a parameter that controls
  // which triangulation to use (if more than one is possible). If numerical
  // degeneracy encountered, 0 is returned, otherwise 1 is returned.
  // This method does not insert new points: all the points that define the
  // simplices are the points that define the cell.
  virtual int Triangulate(int index, vtkIdList *ptIds, vtkPoints *pts) = 0;

  // Description:
  // Compute derivatives given cell subId and parametric coordinates. The
  // values array is a series of data value(s) at the cell points. There is a
  // one-to-one correspondence between cell point and data value(s). Dim is
  // the number of data values per cell point. Derivs are derivatives in the
  // x-y-z coordinate directions for each data value. Thus, if computing
  // derivatives for a scalar function in a hexahedron, dim=1, 8 values are
  // supplied, and 3 deriv values are returned (i.e., derivatives in x-y-z
  // directions). On the other hand, if computing derivatives of velocity
  // (vx,vy,vz) dim=3, 24 values are supplied ((vx,vy,vz)1, (vx,vy,vz)2,
  // ....()8), and 9 deriv values are returned
  // ((d(vx)/dx),(d(vx)/dy),(d(vx)/dz), (d(vy)/dx),(d(vy)/dy), (d(vy)/dz),
  // (d(vz)/dx),(d(vz)/dy),(d(vz)/dz)).
  virtual void Derivatives(int subId, double pcoords[3], double *values,
                           int dim, double *derivs) = 0;


  // Description:
  // Compute cell bounding box (xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax,zmin,zmax). Copy result
  // into user provided array.
  void GetBounds(double bounds[6]);


  // Description:
  // Compute cell bounding box (xmin,xmax,ymin,ymax,zmin,zmax). Return pointer
  // to array of six double values.
  double *GetBounds();


  // Description:
  // Compute Length squared of cell (i.e., bounding box diagonal squared).
  double GetLength2();


  // Description:
  // Return center of the cell in parametric coordinates.  Note that the
  // parametric center is not always located at (0.5,0.5,0.5). The return
  // value is the subId that the center is in (if a composite cell). If you
  // want the center in x-y-z space, invoke the EvaluateLocation() method.
  virtual int GetParametricCenter(double pcoords[3]);


  // Description:
  // Return the distance of the parametric coordinate provided to the
  // cell. If inside the cell, a distance of zero is returned. This is
  // used during picking to get the correct cell picked. (The tolerance
  // will occasionally allow cells to be picked who are not really
  // intersected "inside" the cell.)
  virtual double GetParametricDistance(double pcoords[3]);


  // Description:
  // Return whether this cell type has a fixed topology or whether the
  // topology varies depending on the data (e.g., vtkConvexPointSet).
  // This compares to composite cells that are typically composed of
  // primary cells (e.g., a triangle strip composite cell is made up of
  // triangle primary cells).
  virtual int IsPrimaryCell() {return 1;}


  // Description:
  // Return a contiguous array of parametric coordinates of the points
  // defining this cell. In other words, (px,py,pz, px,py,pz, etc..)  The
  // coordinates are ordered consistent with the definition of the point
  // ordering for the cell. This method returns a non-NULL pointer when
  // the cell is a primary type (i.e., IsPrimaryCell() is true). Note that
  // 3D parametric coordinates are returned no matter what the topological
  // dimension of the cell.
  virtual double *GetParametricCoords();

  // Description:
  // Compute the interpolation functions/derivatives
  // (aka shape functions/derivatives)
  // No-ops at this level. Typically overridden in subclasses.
  virtual void InterpolateFunctions(double vtkNotUsed(pcoords)[3], double* vtkNotUsed(weight))
    {
    }
  virtual void InterpolateDerivs(double vtkNotUsed(pcoords)[3], double* vtkNotUsed(derivs))
    {
    }

  // left public for quick computational access
  vtkPoints *Points;
  vtkIdList *PointIds;

protected:
  vtkCell();
  ~vtkCell();

  double Bounds[6];

private:
  vtkCell(const vtkCell&);  // Not implemented.
  void operator=(const vtkCell&);  // Not implemented.
};

#endif


