Erlang -- error_logger

Kernel

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Version 5.3

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# error_logger

### Module

error_logger

### Module Summary

Erlang error logger.

### Description

The Erlang error logger is an event manager (see OTP Design Principles and gen_event(3)), registered as error_logger. Errors, warnings, and info events are sent to the error logger from the Erlang runtime system and the different Erlang/OTP applications. The events are, by default, logged to the terminal. Notice that an event from a process P is logged at the node of the group leader of P. This means that log output is directed to the node from which a process was created, which not necessarily is the same node as where it is executing.

Initially, error_logger has only a primitive event handler, which buffers and prints the raw event messages. During system startup, the Kernel application replaces this with a standard event handler, by default one that writes nicely formatted output to the terminal. Kernel can also be configured so that events are logged to a file instead, or not logged at all, see kernel(6).

Also the SASL application, if started, adds its own event handler, which by default writes supervisor, crash, and progress reports to the terminal. See sasl(6).

It is recommended that user-defined applications report errors through the error logger to get uniform reports. User-defined event handlers can be added to handle application-specific events, see add_report_handler/1,2. Also, a useful event handler is provided in STDLIB for multi-file logging of events, see log_mf_h(3).

Warning events were introduced in Erlang/OTP R9C and are enabled by default as from Erlang/OTP 18.0. To retain backwards compatibility with existing user-defined event handlers, the warning events can be tagged as errors or info using command-line flag +W <e | i | w>, thus showing up as ERROR REPORT or INFO REPORT in the logs.

### Data Types

report() =
[{Tag :: term(), Data :: term()} | term()] | string() | term()

### Exports

add_report_handler(Handler) -> any()
add_report_handler(Handler, Args) -> Result

### Types

Handler = module()
Args = gen_event:handler_args()
Result = gen_event:add_handler_ret()

Adds a new event handler to the error logger. The event handler must be implemented as a gen_event callback module, see gen_event(3).

Handler is typically the name of the callback module and Args is an optional term (defaults to []) passed to the initialization callback function Handler:init/1. The function returns ok if successful.

The event handler must be able to handle the events in this module, see section Events.

delete_report_handler(Handler) -> Result

### Types

Handler = module()
Result = gen_event:del_handler_ret()

Deletes an event handler from the error logger by calling gen_event:delete_handler(error_logger, Handler, []), see gen_event(3).

error_msg(Format) -> ok
error_msg(Format, Data) -> ok
format(Format, Data) -> ok

### Types

Format = string()
Data = list()

Sends a standard error event to the error logger. The Format and Data arguments are the same as the arguments of io:format/2 in STDLIB. The event is handled by the standard event handler.

Example:

    1> error_logger:error_msg("An error occurred in ~p~n", [a_module]).

    =ERROR REPORT==== 11-Aug-2005::14:03:19 ===
    An error occurred in a_module
    ok

Warning

If called with bad arguments, this function can crash the standard event handler, meaning no further events are logged. When in doubt, use error_report/1 instead.

Warning

If the Unicode translation modifier (t) is used in the format string, all error handlers must ensure that the formatted output is correctly encoded for the I/O device.

error_report(Report) -> ok

### Types

Report = report()

Sends a standard error report event to the error logger. The event is handled by the standard event handler.

Example:

    2> error_logger:error_report([{tag1,data1},a_term,{tag2,data}]).

    =ERROR REPORT==== 11-Aug-2005::13:45:41 ===
        tag1: data1
        a_term
        tag2: data
    ok
    3> error_logger:error_report("Serious error in my module").

    =ERROR REPORT==== 11-Aug-2005::13:45:49 ===
    Serious error in my module
    ok

error_report(Type, Report) -> ok

### Types

Type = term()
Report = report()

Sends a user-defined error report event to the error logger. An event handler to handle the event is supposed to have been added. The event is ignored by the standard event handler.

It is recommended that Report follows the same structure as for error_report/1.

get_format_depth() -> unlimited | integer() >= 1

Returns max(10, Depth), where Depth is the value of error_logger_format_depth in the Kernel application, if Depth is an integer. Otherwise, unlimited is returned.

info_msg(Format) -> ok
info_msg(Format, Data) -> ok

### Types

Format = string()
Data = list()

Sends a standard information event to the error logger. The Format and Data arguments are the same as the arguments of io:format/2 in STDLIB. The event is handled by the standard event handler.

Example:

    1> error_logger:info_msg("Something happened in ~p~n", [a_module]).

    =INFO REPORT==== 11-Aug-2005::14:06:15 ===
    Something happened in a_module
    ok

Warning

If called with bad arguments, this function can crash the standard event handler, meaning no further events are logged. When in doubt, use info_report/1 instead.

Warning

If the Unicode translation modifier (t) is used in the format string, all error handlers must ensure that the formatted output is correctly encoded for the I/O device.

info_report(Report) -> ok

### Types

Report = report()

Sends a standard information report event to the error logger. The event is handled by the standard event handler.

Example:

    2> error_logger:info_report([{tag1,data1},a_term,{tag2,data}]).

    =INFO REPORT==== 11-Aug-2005::13:55:09 ===
        tag1: data1
        a_term
        tag2: data
    ok
    3> error_logger:info_report("Something strange happened").

    =INFO REPORT==== 11-Aug-2005::13:55:36 ===
    Something strange happened
    ok

info_report(Type, Report) -> ok

### Types

Type = any()
Report = report()

Sends a user-defined information report event to the error logger. An event handler to handle the event is supposed to have been added. The event is ignored by the standard event handler.

It is recommended that Report follows the same structure as for info_report/1.

logfile(Request :: {open, Filename}) -> ok | {error, OpenReason}
logfile(Request :: close) -> ok | {error, CloseReason}
logfile(Request :: filename) -> Filename | {error, FilenameReason}

### Types

Filename = file:name()
OpenReason = allready_have_logfile | open_error()
CloseReason = module_not_found
FilenameReason = no_log_file
open_error() = file:posix() | badarg | system_limit

Enables or disables printout of standard events to a file.

This is done by adding or deleting the standard event handler for output to file. Thus, calling this function overrides the value of the Kernel error_logger configuration parameter.

Enabling file logging can be used together with calling tty(false), to have a silent system where all standard events are logged to a file only. Only one log file can be active at a time.

Request is one of the following:

{open, Filename}

  Opens log file Filename. Returns ok if successful, or {error, allready_have_logfile} if logging to file is already enabled, or an error tuple if another error occurred (for example, if Filename cannot be opened). The file is opened with encoding UTF-8.

close

  Closes the current log file. Returns ok, or {error, module_not_found}.

filename

  Returns the name of the log file Filename, or {error, no_log_file} if logging to file is not enabled.

tty(Flag) -> ok

### Types

Flag = boolean()

Enables (Flag == true) or disables (Flag == false) printout of standard events to the terminal.

This is done by adding or deleting the standard event handler for output to the terminal. Thus, calling this function overrides the value of the Kernel error_logger configuration parameter.

warning_map() -> Tag

### Types

Tag = error | warning | info

Returns the current mapping for warning events. Events sent using warning_msg/1,2 or warning_report/1,2 are tagged as errors, warnings (default), or info, depending on the value of command-line flag +W.

Example:

    os$ erl
    Erlang (BEAM) emulator version 5.4.8 [hipe] [threads:0] [kernel-poll]

    Eshell V5.4.8  (abort with ^G)
    1> error_logger:warning_map().
    warning
    2> error_logger:warning_msg("Warnings tagged as: ~p~n", [warning]).

    =WARNING REPORT==== 11-Aug-2005::15:31:55 ===
    Warnings tagged as: warning
    ok
    3>
    User switch command
     --> q
    os$ erl +W e
    Erlang (BEAM) emulator version 5.4.8 [hipe] [threads:0] [kernel-poll]

    Eshell V5.4.8  (abort with ^G)
    1> error_logger:warning_map().
    error
    2> error_logger:warning_msg("Warnings tagged as: ~p~n", [error]).

    =ERROR REPORT==== 11-Aug-2005::15:31:23 ===
    Warnings tagged as: error
    ok

warning_msg(Format) -> ok
warning_msg(Format, Data) -> ok

### Types

Format = string()
Data = list()

Sends a standard warning event to the error logger. The Format and Data arguments are the same as the arguments of io:format/2 in STDLIB. The event is handled by the standard event handler. It is tagged as an error, warning, or info, see warning_map/0.

Warning

If called with bad arguments, this function can crash the standard event handler, meaning no further events are logged. When in doubt, use warning_report/1 instead.

Warning

If the Unicode translation modifier (t) is used in the format string, all error handlers must ensure that the formatted output is correctly encoded for the I/O device.

warning_report(Report) -> ok

### Types

Report = report()

Sends a standard warning report event to the error logger. The event is handled by the standard event handler. It is tagged as an error, warning, or info, see warning_map/0.

warning_report(Type, Report) -> ok

### Types

Type = any()
Report = report()

Sends a user-defined warning report event to the error logger. An event handler to handle the event is supposed to have been added. The event is ignored by the standard event handler. It is tagged as an error, warning, or info, depending on the value of warning_map/0.

### Events

All event handlers added to the error logger must handle the following events. Gleader is the group leader pid of the process that sent the event, and Pid is the process that sent the event.

{error, Gleader, {Pid, Format, Data}}

  Generated when error_msg/1,2 or format is called.

{error_report, Gleader, {Pid, std_error, Report}}

  Generated when error_report/1 is called.

{error_report, Gleader, {Pid, Type, Report}}

  Generated when error_report/2 is called.

{warning_msg, Gleader, {Pid, Format, Data}}

  Generated when warning_msg/1,2 is called if warnings are set to be tagged as warnings.

{warning_report, Gleader, {Pid, std_warning, Report}}

  Generated when warning_report/1 is called if warnings are set to be tagged as warnings.

{warning_report, Gleader, {Pid, Type, Report}}

  Generated when warning_report/2 is called if warnings are set to be tagged as warnings.

{info_msg, Gleader, {Pid, Format, Data}}

  Generated when info_msg/1,2 is called.

{info_report, Gleader, {Pid, std_info, Report}}

  Generated when info_report/1 is called.

{info_report, Gleader, {Pid, Type, Report}}

  Generated when info_report/2 is called.

Notice that some system-internal events can also be received. Therefore a catch-all clause last in the definition of the event handler callback function Module:handle_event/2 is necessary. This also applies for Module:handle_info/2, as the event handler must also take care of some system-internal messages.

### See Also

gen_event(3), log_mf_h(3) kernel(6) sasl(6)