/*
	oscpack -- Open Sound Control packet manipulation library
	http://www.audiomulch.com/~rossb/oscpack

	Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Ross Bencina <rossb@audiomulch.com>

	Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
	a copy of this software and associated documentation files
	(the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
	including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
	publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
	and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
	subject to the following conditions:

	The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
	included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

	Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is
	requested to send the modifications to the original developer so that
	they can be incorporated into the canonical version.

	THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
	EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
	MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
	IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR
	ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
	CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
	WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#include "ip/UdpSocket.h"

#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <assert.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h> // for memset

#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <netinet/in.h> // for sockaddr_in

#include "ip/PacketListener.h"
#include "ip/TimerListener.h"

#if defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(_SOCKLEN_T)
// pre system 10.3 didn have socklen_t
typedef ssize_t socklen_t;
#endif


static void SockaddrFromIpEndpointName( struct sockaddr_in& sockAddr, const IpEndpointName& endpoint )
{
    memset( (char *)&sockAddr, 0, sizeof(sockAddr ) );
    sockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

	sockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = 
		(endpoint.address == IpEndpointName::ANY_ADDRESS)
		? INADDR_ANY
		: htonl( endpoint.address );

	sockAddr.sin_port =
		(endpoint.port == IpEndpointName::ANY_PORT)
		? 0
		: htons( endpoint.port );
}


static IpEndpointName IpEndpointNameFromSockaddr( const struct sockaddr_in& sockAddr )
{
	return IpEndpointName( 
		(sockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr == INADDR_ANY) 
			? IpEndpointName::ANY_ADDRESS 
			: ntohl( sockAddr.sin_addr.s_addr ),
		(sockAddr.sin_port == 0)
			? IpEndpointName::ANY_PORT
			: ntohs( sockAddr.sin_port )
		);
}


class UdpSocket::Implementation{
	bool isBound_;
	bool isConnected_;

	int socket_;
	struct sockaddr_in connectedAddr_;
	struct sockaddr_in sendToAddr_;

public:

	Implementation()
		: isBound_( false )
		, isConnected_( false )
		, socket_( -1 )
	{
		if( (socket_ = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0 )) == -1 ){
            throw std::runtime_error("unable to create udp socket\n");
        }

		memset( &sendToAddr_, 0, sizeof(sendToAddr_) );
        sendToAddr_.sin_family = AF_INET;
	}

	~Implementation()
	{
		if (socket_ != -1) close(socket_);
	}

	IpEndpointName LocalEndpointFor( const IpEndpointName& remoteEndpoint ) const
	{
		assert( isBound_ );

		// first connect the socket to the remote server
        
        struct sockaddr_in connectSockAddr;
		SockaddrFromIpEndpointName( connectSockAddr, remoteEndpoint );
       
        if (connect(socket_, (struct sockaddr *)&connectSockAddr, sizeof(connectSockAddr)) < 0) {
            throw std::runtime_error("unable to connect udp socket\n");
        }

        // get the address

        struct sockaddr_in sockAddr;
        memset( (char *)&sockAddr, 0, sizeof(sockAddr ) );
        socklen_t length = sizeof(sockAddr);
        if (getsockname(socket_, (struct sockaddr *)&sockAddr, &length) < 0) {
            throw std::runtime_error("unable to getsockname\n");
        }
        
		if( isConnected_ ){
			// reconnect to the connected address
			
			if (connect(socket_, (struct sockaddr *)&connectedAddr_, sizeof(connectedAddr_)) < 0) {
				throw std::runtime_error("unable to connect udp socket\n");
			}

		}else{
			// unconnect from the remote address
		
			struct sockaddr_in unconnectSockAddr;
			memset( (char *)&unconnectSockAddr, 0, sizeof(unconnectSockAddr ) );
			unconnectSockAddr.sin_family = AF_UNSPEC;
			// address fields are zero
			int connectResult = connect(socket_, (struct sockaddr *)&unconnectSockAddr, sizeof(unconnectSockAddr));
			if ( connectResult < 0 && errno != EAFNOSUPPORT ) {
				throw std::runtime_error("unable to un-connect udp socket\n");
			}
		}

		return IpEndpointNameFromSockaddr( sockAddr );
	}

	void allowBroadcast()
	{
		int val = 1;
		setsockopt (socket_, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &val, sizeof(val));
	}

	void Connect( const IpEndpointName& remoteEndpoint )
	{
		SockaddrFromIpEndpointName( connectedAddr_, remoteEndpoint );
       
        if (connect(socket_, (struct sockaddr *)&connectedAddr_, sizeof(connectedAddr_)) < 0) {
            throw std::runtime_error("unable to connect udp socket\n");
        }

		isConnected_ = true;
	}

	void Send( const char *data, int size )
	{
		assert( isConnected_ );

        send( socket_, data, size, 0 );
	}

    void SendTo( const IpEndpointName& remoteEndpoint, const char *data, int size )
	{
		sendToAddr_.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl( remoteEndpoint.address );
        sendToAddr_.sin_port = htons( remoteEndpoint.port );

        sendto( socket_, data, size, 0, (sockaddr*)&sendToAddr_, sizeof(sendToAddr_) );
	}

	void Bind( const IpEndpointName& localEndpoint )
	{
		struct sockaddr_in bindSockAddr;
		SockaddrFromIpEndpointName( bindSockAddr, localEndpoint );

        if (bind(socket_, (struct sockaddr *)&bindSockAddr, sizeof(bindSockAddr)) < 0) {
            throw std::runtime_error("unable to bind udp socket\n");
        }

		isBound_ = true;
	}

	bool IsBound() const { return isBound_; }

    int ReceiveFrom( IpEndpointName& remoteEndpoint, char *data, int size )
	{
		assert( isBound_ );

		// Main structure to read the message
		struct msghdr mh;
		memset(&mh, 0, sizeof(mh));

		// Structure to write remote/source sockaddr
		struct sockaddr_in peeraddr;
		mh.msg_name = &peeraddr;
		mh.msg_namelen = sizeof(peeraddr);

		// Structure for control data, the control data is dumped here
		char cmbuf[0x100];memset(&cmbuf, 0, sizeof(cmbuf));
		mh.msg_control = cmbuf;
		mh.msg_controllen = sizeof(cmbuf);

		// Structure to access the message data.
		struct iovec    iov;
		iov.iov_base = data;
		iov.iov_len = size;
		mh.msg_iov = &iov;
		mh.msg_iovlen = 1;

		// Set socket option
		int val = 1;
		setsockopt (socket_, IPPROTO_IP, IP_PKTINFO, &val, sizeof(val));
		int result = recvmsg(socket_, &mh, 0);
		if( result < 0 )
			return 0;

		for ( // iterate through all the control headers
			struct cmsghdr *cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&mh);
			cmsg != NULL;
			cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&mh, cmsg))
		{
			// ignore the control headers that don't match what we want
			if (cmsg->cmsg_level != IPPROTO_IP ||
				cmsg->cmsg_type != IP_PKTINFO)
			{
				continue;
			}
			// Get the destination address
			struct in_pktinfo *pi = (struct in_pktinfo *)CMSG_DATA(cmsg);
			// pi->ipi_addr is the destination in_addr
			remoteEndpoint.destAddress = ntohl(pi->ipi_addr.s_addr);
		}
		remoteEndpoint.address = ntohl(peeraddr.sin_addr.s_addr);
		remoteEndpoint.port = ntohs(peeraddr.sin_port);

		return result;
	}

	int Socket() { return socket_; }
};

UdpSocket::UdpSocket()
{
	impl_ = new Implementation();
}

UdpSocket::~UdpSocket()
{
	delete impl_;
}

void UdpSocket::allowBroadcast()
{
	impl_->allowBroadcast();
}

IpEndpointName UdpSocket::LocalEndpointFor( const IpEndpointName& remoteEndpoint ) const
{
	return impl_->LocalEndpointFor( remoteEndpoint );
}

void UdpSocket::Connect( const IpEndpointName& remoteEndpoint )
{
	impl_->Connect( remoteEndpoint );
}

void UdpSocket::Send( const char *data, int size )
{
	impl_->Send( data, size );
}

void UdpSocket::SendTo( const IpEndpointName& remoteEndpoint, const char *data, int size )
{
	impl_->SendTo( remoteEndpoint, data, size );
}

void UdpSocket::Bind( const IpEndpointName& localEndpoint )
{
	impl_->Bind( localEndpoint );
}

bool UdpSocket::IsBound() const
{
	return impl_->IsBound();
}

int UdpSocket::ReceiveFrom( IpEndpointName& remoteEndpoint, char *data, int size )
{
	return impl_->ReceiveFrom( remoteEndpoint, data, size );
}


struct AttachedTimerListener{
	AttachedTimerListener( int id, int p, TimerListener *tl )
		: initialDelayMs( id )
		, periodMs( p )
		, listener( tl ) {}
	int initialDelayMs;
	int periodMs;
	TimerListener *listener;
};


static bool CompareScheduledTimerCalls( 
		const std::pair< double, AttachedTimerListener > & lhs, const std::pair< double, AttachedTimerListener > & rhs )
{
	return lhs.first < rhs.first;
}


SocketReceiveMultiplexer *multiplexerInstanceToAbortWithSigInt_ = 0;

extern "C" /*static*/ void InterruptSignalHandler( int );
/*static*/ void InterruptSignalHandler( int )
{
	multiplexerInstanceToAbortWithSigInt_->AsynchronousBreak();
	signal( SIGINT, SIG_DFL );
}


class SocketReceiveMultiplexer::Implementation{
	std::vector< std::pair< PacketListener*, UdpSocket* > > socketListeners_;
	std::vector< AttachedTimerListener > timerListeners_;

	volatile bool break_;
	int breakPipe_[2]; // [0] is the reader descriptor and [1] the writer

	double GetCurrentTimeMs() const
	{
		struct timeval t;

		gettimeofday( &t, 0 );

		return ((double)t.tv_sec*1000.) + ((double)t.tv_usec / 1000.);
	}

public:
    Implementation()
	{
		if( pipe(breakPipe_) != 0 )
			throw std::runtime_error( "creation of asynchronous break pipes failed\n" );
	}

    ~Implementation()
	{
		close( breakPipe_[0] );
		close( breakPipe_[1] );
	}

    void AttachSocketListener( UdpSocket *socket, PacketListener *listener )
	{
		assert( std::find( socketListeners_.begin(), socketListeners_.end(), std::make_pair(listener, socket) ) == socketListeners_.end() );
		// we don't check that the same socket has been added multiple times, even though this is an error
		socketListeners_.push_back( std::make_pair( listener, socket ) );
	}

    void DetachSocketListener( UdpSocket *socket, PacketListener *listener )
	{
		std::vector< std::pair< PacketListener*, UdpSocket* > >::iterator i = 
				std::find( socketListeners_.begin(), socketListeners_.end(), std::make_pair(listener, socket) );
		assert( i != socketListeners_.end() );

		socketListeners_.erase( i );
	}

    void AttachPeriodicTimerListener( int periodMilliseconds, TimerListener *listener )
	{
		timerListeners_.push_back( AttachedTimerListener( periodMilliseconds, periodMilliseconds, listener ) );
	}

	void AttachPeriodicTimerListener( int initialDelayMilliseconds, int periodMilliseconds, TimerListener *listener )
	{
		timerListeners_.push_back( AttachedTimerListener( initialDelayMilliseconds, periodMilliseconds, listener ) );
	}

    void DetachPeriodicTimerListener( TimerListener *listener )
	{
		std::vector< AttachedTimerListener >::iterator i = timerListeners_.begin();
		while( i != timerListeners_.end() ){
			if( i->listener == listener )
				break;
			++i;
		}

		assert( i != timerListeners_.end() );

		timerListeners_.erase( i );
	}

    void Run()
	{
		break_ = false;

		// configure the master fd_set for select()

		fd_set masterfds, tempfds;
		FD_ZERO( &masterfds );
		FD_ZERO( &tempfds );
		
		// in addition to listening to the inbound sockets we
		// also listen to the asynchronous break pipe, so that AsynchronousBreak()
		// can break us out of select() from another thread.
		FD_SET( breakPipe_[0], &masterfds );
		int fdmax = breakPipe_[0];		

		for( std::vector< std::pair< PacketListener*, UdpSocket* > >::iterator i = socketListeners_.begin();
				i != socketListeners_.end(); ++i ){

			if( fdmax < i->second->impl_->Socket() )
				fdmax = i->second->impl_->Socket();
			FD_SET( i->second->impl_->Socket(), &masterfds );
		}


		// configure the timer queue
		double currentTimeMs = GetCurrentTimeMs();

		// expiry time ms, listener
		std::vector< std::pair< double, AttachedTimerListener > > timerQueue_;
		for( std::vector< AttachedTimerListener >::iterator i = timerListeners_.begin();
				i != timerListeners_.end(); ++i )
			timerQueue_.push_back( std::make_pair( currentTimeMs + i->initialDelayMs, *i ) );
		std::sort( timerQueue_.begin(), timerQueue_.end(), CompareScheduledTimerCalls );

		const int MAX_BUFFER_SIZE = 4098;
		char *data = new char[ MAX_BUFFER_SIZE ];
		IpEndpointName remoteEndpoint;

		struct timeval timeout;

		while( !break_ ){
			tempfds = masterfds;

			struct timeval *timeoutPtr = 0;
			if( !timerQueue_.empty() ){
				double timeoutMs = timerQueue_.front().first - GetCurrentTimeMs();
				if( timeoutMs < 0 )
					timeoutMs = 0;
			
				// 1000000 microseconds in a second
				timeout.tv_sec = (long)(timeoutMs * .001);
				timeout.tv_usec = (long)((timeoutMs - (timeout.tv_sec * 1000)) * 1000);
				timeoutPtr = &timeout;
			}

			if( select( fdmax + 1, &tempfds, 0, 0, timeoutPtr ) < 0 && errno != EINTR ){
   				throw std::runtime_error("select failed\n");
			}

			if ( FD_ISSET( breakPipe_[0], &tempfds ) ){
				// clear pending data from the asynchronous break pipe
				char c;
				read( breakPipe_[0], &c, 1 );
			}
			
			if( break_ )
				break;

			for( std::vector< std::pair< PacketListener*, UdpSocket* > >::iterator i = socketListeners_.begin();
					i != socketListeners_.end(); ++i ){

				if( FD_ISSET( i->second->impl_->Socket(), &tempfds ) ){

					int size = i->second->ReceiveFrom( remoteEndpoint, data, MAX_BUFFER_SIZE );
					if( size > 0 ){
						i->first->ProcessPacket( data, size, remoteEndpoint );
						if( break_ )
							break;
					}
				}
			}

			// execute any expired timers
			currentTimeMs = GetCurrentTimeMs();
			bool resort = false;
			for( std::vector< std::pair< double, AttachedTimerListener > >::iterator i = timerQueue_.begin();
					i != timerQueue_.end() && i->first <= currentTimeMs; ++i ){

				i->second.listener->TimerExpired();
				if( break_ )
					break;

				i->first += i->second.periodMs;
				resort = true;
			}
			if( resort )
				std::sort( timerQueue_.begin(), timerQueue_.end(), CompareScheduledTimerCalls );
		}

		delete [] data;
	}

    void Break()
	{
		break_ = true;
	}

    void AsynchronousBreak()
	{
		break_ = true;

		// Send a termination message to the asynchronous break pipe, so select() will return
		write( breakPipe_[1], "!", 1 );
	}
};



SocketReceiveMultiplexer::SocketReceiveMultiplexer()
{
	impl_ = new Implementation();
}

SocketReceiveMultiplexer::~SocketReceiveMultiplexer()
{	
	delete impl_;
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::AttachSocketListener( UdpSocket *socket, PacketListener *listener )
{
	impl_->AttachSocketListener( socket, listener );
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::DetachSocketListener( UdpSocket *socket, PacketListener *listener )
{
	impl_->DetachSocketListener( socket, listener );
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::AttachPeriodicTimerListener( int periodMilliseconds, TimerListener *listener )
{
	impl_->AttachPeriodicTimerListener( periodMilliseconds, listener );
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::AttachPeriodicTimerListener( int initialDelayMilliseconds, int periodMilliseconds, TimerListener *listener )
{
	impl_->AttachPeriodicTimerListener( initialDelayMilliseconds, periodMilliseconds, listener );
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::DetachPeriodicTimerListener( TimerListener *listener )
{
	impl_->DetachPeriodicTimerListener( listener );
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::Run()
{
	impl_->Run();
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::RunUntilSigInt()
{
	assert( multiplexerInstanceToAbortWithSigInt_ == 0 ); /* at present we support only one multiplexer instance running until sig int */
	multiplexerInstanceToAbortWithSigInt_ = this;
	signal( SIGINT, InterruptSignalHandler );
	impl_->Run();
	signal( SIGINT, SIG_DFL );
	multiplexerInstanceToAbortWithSigInt_ = 0;
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::Break()
{
	impl_->Break();
}

void SocketReceiveMultiplexer::AsynchronousBreak()
{
	impl_->AsynchronousBreak();
}

