Enlightenment (简体中文) - ArchWiki

# Enlightenment (简体中文)

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相关文章

- 桌面环境
- 显示管理器
- 窗口管理器

翻译状态： 本文是英文页面 Enlightenment 的翻译，最后翻译时间：2017-02-25，点击这里可以查看翻译后英文页面的改动。

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## Enlightenment

这个软件包提供了 Enlightenment 的窗口管理器及其构建库 EFL（Enlightenment Foundation Libraries）。后者提供了额外的桌面环境特性，如工具包、对象画布和抽象对象。Enlightenment 从 2005 年开始开发，2011 年 2 月发布 1.0 稳定版本。

### 安装

可安装同名软件包 enlightenment 。

还可以安装 terminology，这是一个基于 EFL 的终端仿真器。

#### 从 AUR 安装

警告: 其中某些软件包使用不稳定的开发版代码，请风险自担。

开发版的软件包源码及其依赖的包构建文件可以从 enlightenment-gitAUR 下载。 以下是基于 EFL 的应用，大部份是开发版本，尚未正式发布：

- ecrire-gitAUR – Ecrire 文本编辑器
- elbow-gitAUR[broken link: package not found] – Elbow 浏览器
- eluminance-gitAUR – Eluminance 图片浏览器
- enjoy-gitAUR – Enjoy 音乐播放器
- eperiodiqueAUR – Eperiodique periodic 表格查看器
- ephoto-gitAUR – Ephoto 图片查看器
- epymc-gitAUR – E Python 多媒体中心
- equate-gitAUR – Equate 计算器
- eruler-gitAUR – Eruler 屏幕尺和测量工具
- efbb-gitAUR – Escape from Booty Bay 类似《愤怒的小鸟》的游戏
- elemines-gitAUR – Elemines 《扫雷》类型的游戏
- espionage-gitAUR[broken link: package not found] – Espionage D-Bus 监测器
- ev-gitAUR[broken link: package not found] – ev 简单图片查看器
- rageAUR and rage-gitAUR[broken link: package not found] – Rage 视频播放器

### 启动 Enlightenment

从你惯用的显示管理器选择Enlightenment ，或配置好 xinitrc 从控制台启动。

#### Entrance

警告: Entrance 为实验性版本，还不被 systemd 完全支持 ，请风险自担。

Enlightenment 提供了一个名为 Entrance 的新显示管理器，由 entrance-gitAUR 提供。Entrance 十分精巧，它用 `/etc/entrance.conf` 管理配置。可以通过 systemd 启用 `entrance.service` 服务来使用它。

#### 手动启动 Enlightenment

如果选择从控制台手工启动，把下列内容加入 `~/.xinitrc` 文件：

    ~/.xinitrc

    exec enlightenment_start

然后就可以输入 `startx` 来启动 Enlightenment。详见 xinitrc。

### 配置

Enlightenment 提供了一个精巧的配置系统，可以从主菜单中选择“设置”子菜单进入。

#### 网络

ConnMan

Enlightenment 首选的网络管理器是 ConnMan ，包名： connman 。配置方法参见：ConnMan。

为实现更多的配置，还可以安装 Econnman （AUR 中的 econnmanAUR 或 econnman-gitAUR）及其相关依赖包。

把 ConnMan 添加到书架

1. 设置 -> 扩展 -> 模块
2. 系统
3. 连接管理器（Connection Manager）
4. 加载（选中并点击加载）
5. 在屏幕底部书架点击右键
6. 进入书架 -> 内容
7. 滚动项目列表找到 ConnMan
8. 点击添加

NetworkManager

你也可以使用 networkmanager 来管理网络连接。参见 NetworkManager (简体中文)。

你可能还需要 network-manager-applet 的帮助。把它加入自动启动，这样每次进桌面就能看到它在系统托盘中。方法：设置 > 全部 > 应用程序 > 启动应用程序 > 系统，激活网络。

如果没有#系统托盘，网络可以正常连接但指示器将不显示。

#### Polkit 代理

Enlightenment 没有提供图形化的 polkit 认证代理。如果要执行某些需授权的操作（例如安装系统设备上的文件系统），你要安装一个认证代理并且使它自动启动。后者可以导航至设置面板 > 应用 > 启动应用程序 > 系统设置项并激活它。AUR 中提供了一个基于 EFL 的认证代理，名为 polkit-efl-gitAUR。

#### 集成 GNOME 密钥环

It is possible to use gnome-keyring in Enlightenment. However, at the time of writing, you need a small hack to make it work in full. First, you must tell Enlightenment to autostart gnome-keyring. For that you should go to Settings Panel > Apps > Startup Applications > System and activate Certificate and Key Storage, GPG Password Agent, SSH Key Agent and "Secret Storage Service". After this, you should edit your `~/.pam_environment` and add the following:

           #Set gnome-keyring as the ssh authentication agent
           SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/run/user/${UID}/keyring/ssh

This "hack" is used to override the automatic setting of the variable by "enlightenment-start" from "ssh-agent" to gnome-keyring.

More information on this topic in the GNOME Keyring article.

#### 系统托盘

注意: 从 Enlightenment 20 版开始，对 Xembed 的支持已被移除 [1]。这意味着许多“传统的”托盘部件将无法显示在托盘。要使用这些托盘部件，需要另外安装一个独立的系统托盘程序（例如 stalonetray）

Enlightenment 支持系统托盘，但默认未启用。若要启用系统托盘，请打开 Enlightenment 主菜单，导航至设置子菜单，点击模块选项，向下滚动至系统托盘选项并聚焦，点击加载按钮。这样就加载了模块，可将其添加到书架中。在待添加系统托盘的书架上右击，聚焦于书架子菜单，点击内容 选项，向下滚动到系统托盘并聚焦，然后点击添加按钮。

#### 通知

Enlightenment 的“通知”扩展模块提供了一个通知服务器。

- 通知可以按下述定义显示在屏幕任一角落
- 可用的屏幕策略有：主屏幕、当前屏幕、所有屏幕和 Xinerama
- 通知可以按紧急程度过滤（低、普通、紧急，及各种组合形式）
- 可以设置默认通知消隐时间，也可以设置是否强制不自动消隐
- 通知服务器可以设置是否忽略替换 ID 的请求

### 主题

下列更多主题用于定制 Enlightenment 外观：

- enlightenment-themes.org
- relighted.c0n.de 默认主题的 200 种不同颜色组合
- git.enlightenment.org（用 git 抓取喜欢的主题，运行 'make' 生成 .edj 后缀的主题文件）
- packages.bodhilinux.com 这里有一堆不错的主题（需从 .deb 包中释放出 .edj 文件，可以用 ArchLinux 的基础组件 bsdtar 释放）。在他们的维基上还提供了一个很不错的分类 [2]。
- exchange.enlightenment.org (archived)

你可以在主题设置对话框中安装这些 .edj 文件格式的主题，或者把它们放在 `~/.e/e/themes` 目录中。

注意: Enlightenment 未提供完整的主题 API，多年来，甚至在 E17 发布后，很多主题 API 也已改变。未及时更新的主题很可能无法正常工作。
提示： 若要使 GTK 和 Qt 应用程序与 Enlightenment 默认主题相匹配，你可以下载一个类似 E17 GTK 主题这样的主题包，放在 `~/.themes/` 中并在Enlightenment 的设置中选中它，然后对其做配置。这样可以使所有 GTK2 和 GTK3 应用匹配默认 Enlightenment 主题，然后，你可以配置 Qt 应用程序（或者配置 Qt 的默认设置），让其使用 Gtk+ 主题。这样 Qt 应用程序将模拟当前使用的 GTK 应用程序。这样就可以让绝大部分应用程序都使用 enlightenment 的主题。参阅Qt 与 GTK 应用程序外观一致化。

#### GTK+

替换 GTK+ 主题的选项在设置 > 全部 > 外观 > 应用程序主题。

### 模块和小部件

Module
  Name used in enlightenment to refer to the "backing" code for a gadget.
Gadget
  Front-end or user interface that should help the end users of Enlightenment do something.

Many Modules provide Gadgets that can be added to your desktop or on a shelf. Some Modules (such as CPUFreq) only provide a single Gadget while others (such as Composite) provide additional features without any gadgets. Note that certain gadgets such as Systray can only be added to a shelf while others such as Moon can only be loaded on the desktop.

#### "外部" 模块

警告: 这些第三方模块不被官方开发者支持。它们直接来自 git ，因而随时可能工作异常。请风险自担。

Beyond the modules described here, more "extra" modules are available from e-modules-extra-gitAUR.

Places

Places is a gadget that will help you browse files on various devices you might plug into your computer, like phones, cameras, or other various storage devices you might plug into the usb port.

Available from places-gitAUR[broken link: archived in aur-mirror].

注意: This module is no longer required for auto-mounting external devices in Enlightenment

Scale Windows

The Scale Windows module, which requires compositing to be enabled, adds several features. The scale windows effect shrinks all open windows and brings them all into view. This is known in "Mission Control" in macOS. The scale pager effect zooms out and shows all desktops as a wall, like the compiz expo plugin. Both can be added to the desktop as a gadget or bound to a key binding, mouse binding or screen edge binding.

Some people like to change the standard window selection key binding `ALT + Tab` to use Scale Windows to select windows. To change this setting, you navigate to Menu > Settings > Settings Panel > Input > Keys. From here, you can set any key binding you would like.

To replace the window selection key binding functionality with Scale Windows, scroll through the left panel until you find the ALT section and then find and select `ALT + Tab`. Then, scroll through the right panel looking for the "Scale Windows" section and choose either Select Next or Select Next (All) depending on whether you would like to see windows from only the current desktop or from all desktops and click Apply to save the binding.

Available from comp-scale-gitAUR[broken link: archived in aur-mirror].

### 默认键绑定

Some default Enlightenment keybindings
Shift + F10 | Maximize Vertically
Ctrl + Menu | Show "Clients" (windows) Menu
Alt + Escape | Show "Everything Launcher" (apps, windows, etc)
Win + Left | Maximize Left
Win + Right | Maximize Right
Alt + Shift + F10 | Maximize Horizontally
Alt + Shift + Left | Flip to the Desktop on the Left
Alt + Shift + Right | Flip to the Desktop on the Right
Ctrl + Alt + D | Show the desktop
Ctrl + Alt + F | Toggle Fullscreen
Ctrl + Alt + I | Toggle iconic mode
Ctrl + Alt + K | Kill window
Ctrl + Alt + L | Lock the desktop
Ctrl + Alt + N | Maximize Window
Ctrl + Alt + R | Toggle Shade up
Ctrl + Alt + W | Window menu
Ctrl + Alt + X | Close a window
Ctrl + Alt + Down | Lower
Ctrl + Alt + Up | Raise
Ctrl + Alt + Left | Flip to desktop on left
Ctrl + Alt + Right | Flip to desktop on right
Ctrl + Alt + Delete | End session dialog
Ctrl + Alt + Insert | Launch the default terminal

### 排错

If you find some unexpected behavior, there are a few things you can do:

1. try to see if the same behavior exists with the default theme
2. disable any 3rd party modules you may have installed
3. backup `~/.e` and remove it (e.g. `mv ~/.e ~/.e.back`)

If you are sure you found a bug please report it directly upstream.

#### 合成

When the configuration needs to be reset and the settings windows can no longer be approached, configuration for the compositor can be reset using the hardcoded keybinding `Ctrl + Alt + Shift + Home`.

#### 字体看不清楚

If fonts are too small and your screen is unreadable, be sure the right font packages are installed. ttf-dejavu and ttf-bitstream-vera are valid candidates.

You can set scaling under Settings > Settings Panel > Look > Scaling.

#### 背光总是较暗

You may find that Enlightenment routinely dims the backlight to 30% on logout and will only restore it to 100% when you log into another Enlightenment session. This is especially problematic when using another desktop environment alongside Enlightenment as the backlight will not automatically be restored to its normal level when using that desktop environment. To fix this issue, open the Enlightenment Settings Panel and, under the Look tab, click on the Composite option. Tick the Don't fade backlight box and click OK.

#### 光标主题不一致

You may find that the cursor theme for the desktop is different to the one used in applications such as Firefox (简体中文). This is because desktop applications are using X cursor themes whilst Enlightenment has its own set of cursor themes. For consistency, you can set Enlightenment to always use the X cursor theme. To do this, open the Enlightenment Settings Panel and click on the Input tab. Click on the Mouse option. Change the theme from Enlightenment to X and click OK. You should now find that the same cursor theme is used everywhere. If the X cursor theme itself is not always consistent, see 光标主题

#### 背景图片

You have to copy the desired wallpapers into `~/.e/e/backgrounds/`

MMB or RMB anywhere on the desktop will give access to the settings, select `/Desktop/Backgrounds/`

Any new image copied in the `~/.e/e/backgrounds/` folder will get the list of available backgrounds auto-updated. Select desired wallpaper from drop-down menu. Inside the appropriate tabs in the global settings, you can adjust things like tiling of the background image, filling screen and such.

## Enlightenment DR16

Enlightenment, Development Release 16 was first released in 2000, and reached version 1.0 in 2009. Originally, the DR16 stood for the 0.16 version of the Enlightenment project. You'll find it as "Enlightenment16" now in the Arch repositories, it is still under development today, regularly updated by its maintainer Kim 'kwo' Woelders. With compositing, shadows and transparencies, E16 kept all of the speed that presided over its foundation by original author Carsten "Rasterman" Haitzler but with up to date refinement.

### 安装 E16

Install enlightenment16.

See `/usr/share/doc/e16/e16.html` for in depth documentation. The man page is at e16(1) and only gives startup options.

### 基本设置

Most configuration files for E16 reside in `~/.e16` and are text-based, editable at will. That includes the Menus too.

Shortcut keys can be either modified by hand, or with the e16keyedit software provided as source on the sourceforge page of the e16 project, or from the e16keyeditAUR[broken link: archived in aur-mirror] package. Note that the keyboard shortcuts file is not created in `~/.e16` by default. You can copy the packaged version to your home directory if you wish to make changes:

    $ cp /usr/share/e16/config/bindings.cfg ~/.e16

#### 启动、重启、停止脚本

Create an Init, a Start and a Stop folder in your `~/.e16` folder: any .sh script found there will either be executed at Startup (from Init folder), at each Restart (from Start folder), or at Shutdown (from Stop folder); provided you allowed it trough the MMB / settings / session / <enable scripts> button and made them executable with `chmod +x yourscript.sh`. Typical examples involves starting pulseaudio or your favorite network manager applet.

#### 合成器（Compositor）

阴影、透明等等特效位于 Composite 项下的 MMB 或 RMB / 设置。

## 参考资料

- Enlightenment 主页
- Enlightenment Exchange
- Enlightenment 开发者文档
- Bodhi Guide to Enlightenment
- E17-Stuff
- DR16 下载资源
- Enlightenment 用户邮件列表
- Enlightenment 开发者邮件列表
- irc://irc.freenode.net#e

## 配置输入法

本页面需要更新翻译，内容可能已经与英文脱节。要贡献翻译，请访问简体中文翻译组。

附注: 这篇文章或章节的内容已经过期。
注意: 英文版本节文字已删除。为方便中文用户，本节内容暂予保留

E17 内置了输入法支持的模块，支持的输入法有 iiimf 、scim 和 uim 。使用这些输入法的配置在

    Settings -> Settings Panel -> Language -> Input Method Settings -> Advanced

System 配置中，使用者只需选择即可。使用其他输入法的用户可以在 Personal 配置中添加。

### ibus

ibus 的配置参数为：

    Input Method Parameters:
     Name              ibus
     Execute Command   /usr/bin/ibus-daemon --xim
     Setup Command     /usr/bin/ibus-setup

    Exported Environment Variables:
     GTK_IM_MODULE     ibus
     QT_IM_MODULE      ibus
     XMODIFIERS        @im=ibus

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