
Foomatic Database
=================


foomatic-db
-----------

The collected knowledge about printers, drivers, and driver options in
XML files, used by foomatic-db-engine to generate PPD files.

Till Kamppeter <till.kamppeter@gmail.com>

http://www.openprinting.org/

This README contains mainly info for developers. See the file USAGE if
you want to know how to use Foomatic.


Copying
-------

To most of this package the GPL applies (see http://www.gnu.org/),
exception are the PPD files in db/source/PPD, they can have different
licenses (mostly MIT), see the comments in the beginning of the PPD
files and the license texts in the corresponding driver XML files.


Bugs
----

If you spot a data error or any other bug, please report it on the
OpenPrinting bug tracking system:

http://bugs.linux-foundation.org/

Choose "OpenPrinting" as the product and "foomatic-db-engine" as the
component.


Intro
-----

This is the stable version of Foomatic. This version is also the base
of our database web interface on

http://www.openprinting.org/


Programs and important files from this package
----------------------------------------------

configure.ac

  The source from which GNU autoconf generates the "configure" script

acinclude.m4

  Additional macros for the "configure" script

make_configure

  Calls aclocal and autoconf to generate "configure" from "configure.ac" 
  and "acinclude.m4"

Makefile.in

  The template from which "configure" generates the Makefile

install-sh

  Helper script for "configure"

db/

  The XML database. See below.

xmlschema/*.xsd

  XML Schema files to verify the XML database entries. There is one for
  each XML file type (printer, driver, option) and an additional one (types.xsd)
  which is used by the first three.

  To verify XML files run

    xmllint --noout --schema xmlschema/<type>.xsd db/source/<type>/<file>.xml

  For example for a driver:

    xmllint --noout --schema xmlschema/driver.xsd db/source/driver/ljet4.xml

  For all printers use:

    xmllint --noout --schema xmlschema/printer.xsd db/source/printer/*.xml\

  Do this check whenever you create or edit XML files to assure that your
  XML file is correct.


Dependencies
------------

This package does not require anything else. It is needed by
foomatic-db-engine, the database engine of Foomatic. It is required to
use foomatic-db-engine 4.0.0 or newer, as it contains important bug
fixes and also support for nested composite options. Do not use this
database with older versions of Foomatic.

See the USAGE file for installation details.


About the database
------------------

The database is provided by this package, additional database entries
are in "foomatic-db-hpijs", other Foomatic XML files and PPDs are
supplied with the drivers. "foomatic-db-engine" is needed to make use
of the Foomatic XML data.

The database is located in one system directory, usually
/usr/share/foomatic, but it can be also at other places (Install this
package at first and after that foomatic-db-engine so that
foomatic-db-engine gets configured correctly automatically). In this
directory there is the following structure:

 db/                             - the database
 db/oldprinterids                - translation table for old numerical
				   printer IDs
 db/kitload.log                  - list of third-party "kit" files, logged
                                   by foomatic-kitload
 db/source/                      - "source" data, provided by humans, etc
 db/source/printer/<poid>.xml    - printer-specific data, one per printer id
 db/source/driver/<driver>.xml   - driver-specific data, one per driver name
 db/source/opt/<idx>.xml         - option data, one file per option
 db/source/PPD/                  - Ready-made PPD files, usually supplied by
                                   printer manufacturers for their PostScript
				   printers.

You can edit the files whenever you want and regenerate the affected
printer queues with foomatic-configure, there is no on-disk cache, the
data is always directly derived from the source files. So your changes
will be taken into account without any special steps.


Data
----

There are three main source datafiles (printers, drivers, and options;
annotated examples:


printer/HP-LaserJet_4000.xml
============================

# The printer file contains information specific to a particular
# printer.

<printer id="printer/HP-LaserJet_4000">

# Make and model are not internationalized.  There will eventually be
# an "alias" mechanism, but the need is different.

  <make>HP</make>
  <model>LaserJet 4000</model>

# According to the Adobe specifications for PPD files every PPD file
# must contain a unique DOS-compatible file name (the "*PCFileName"),
# a file name with an up to 8 characters log base name and an up to 3
# characters long extension, and upper and lower case letters being
# considered as equal. As every PPD file is for a printer/driver
# combo, we let the first 6 characters being provided by the printer
# entry:

  <pcmodel>HPLJ4K</pcmodel>

# The first two characters should be the manufacturer prefix as listed
# in Appendix D of Adobe's "PostScript Printer Description (PPD) File
# Format Specification Version 4.3", available on

# http://partners.adobe.com/public/developer/en/ps/5003.PPD_Spec_v4.3.pdf

# Various stuff about the machine

  <mechanism>

# Printer types can be <laser />, <led />, <inkjet />, <dotmatrix />,
# <impact />, <sublimation />, <transfer />, <thermal />. Other types
# we have to add to the CGI script on OpenPrinting to make the web
# interface displaying them properly.

    <laser/>

# At some point we can make color be less of a boolean flag and more
# of a section full of goodies.

    <!--not "color"-->
    <resolution>

# In theory this is a list.  In practice We've only got one per
# printer which is the maximum resolution the manufacturer claims for
# this printer. Do not put empty tags (like "<x></x>" or "<x />" here
# if the resolution is not known. Leave out the tags (or the whole
# <resolution> section).

      <dpi>
        <x>1200</x>
        <y>1200</y>
      </dpi>
    </resolution>

    <consumables>

# Information about ink, drums, etc.
# The comments are supposed to be qualitative ("Separate drum and
# toner cartridges")

      <comments>
        <en>toner</en>
      </comments>

# There can be <partno>12A1975</partno> elements with manufacturer
# part numbers for the various carts, etc it takes. Unfortunately,
# this is not made use of, one could make a consumable database with
# this for example.

      <!--one or more "partno" elements.-->
    </consumables>
  </mechanism>

  <url>http://www.pandi.hp.com/pandi-db/prod_info.show?model=C4118A&amp;name=LaserJet4000</url>

# The lang section.  In practice this will be only minimally useful;
# 
#  - Backends can pstops the ps down a level if needed
#  - Backends know if pjl options apply
#  - Backends can know if direct text printing will work
#
# Commonly used language tags: <pcl level="x" />, <escp2 />, <proprietary />

  <lang>
    <postscript level="2" />
    <pjl/>
    <text>
      <charset>us-ascii</charset>
    </text>
  </lang>

# The autodetection stuff

  <autodetect>

# There are three ways to auto-detect a printer, via the parallel port
# (<parallel>...</parallel>), the USB (<usb>...</usb>), or SNMP
# (TCP/Socket-connected printer, <snmp>...</snmp>). Through these
# interfaces the printers report back an IEEE-1284-complient ID string
# from which the fields "MFG" (<manufacturer>...</manufacturer>),
# "MDL" (<model>...</model>), "DES" (<description>...</description>),
# and "CMD" (<commandset>...</commandset>) are used. The string itself
# can be put between <ieee1284>...</ieee1284> tags, but all items
# which are not constant for all printers of this model, as the serial
# number ("SERN:...;") and the device status ("VSTATUS:...;") have to
# be removed here. As the ID string is usually the same for all
# detection methods, one can put the entries between
# <general>...</general> tags, then the <parallel>...</parallel>,
# <usb>...</usb>, and <snmp>...</snmp> are only used for
# differences to the data between the <general>...</general> tags. A
# complete entry could look like:
#
#  <autodetect>
#    <general>
#      <ieee1284>MFG:HEWLETT-PACKARD;MDL:DESKJET 600;CMD:MLC,PCL,PML;CLASS:PRINTER;DESCRIPTION:Hewlett-Packard DeskJet 600;</ieee1284>
#      <commandset>MLC,PCL,PML</commandset>
#      <description>Hewlett-Packard DeskJet 600</description>
#      <manufacturer>HEWLETT-PACKARD</manufacturer>
#      <model>DESKJET 600</model>
#    </general>
#  </autodetect>
#

# If you use CUPS, you get the device IDs of all locally connected
# (USB, parallel) printers and of printers in the local network by
# running:

lpinfo -l -m

# On Linux you find this info for the parallel ports (/dev/lp<N>, <N>
# = 0, 1, 2, ...) in the files
#
#   /proc/sys/dev/parport/parport<N>/autoprobe*
#
# for the USB under Linux it is more complicated, easiest is to use a little
# Perl script, called "getusbprinterid.pl":
# You need to find the IOCTL call value to pass to the perl ioctl function.
# Here is a little C program that does this. This is easier than trying to
# use p2h and convert the *.h files to perl.

# --------------------------------------------------------------------------
#  /*
#       print the IOCTL call value for printer information
#  */
#  #include <stdio.h>
#  #include <sys/ioctl.h>
#  /* From the /usr/src/linux<version>/drivers/usb/printer.c */
#  #define DRIVER_VERSION "v0.11"
#  #define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Michael Gee, Pavel Machek, Vojtech Pavlik, Randy Dunlap, Pete Zaitcev, David Paschal"
#  #define DRIVER_DESC "USB Printer Device Class driver"
#  
#  #define USBLP_BUF_SIZE      8192
#  #define DEVICE_ID_SIZE      1024
#  
#  /* ioctls: */
#  #define LPGETSTATUS     0x060b      /* same as in drivers/char/lp.c */
#  #define IOCNR_GET_DEVICE_ID     1
#  #define IOCNR_GET_PROTOCOLS     2
#  #define IOCNR_SET_PROTOCOL      3
#  #define IOCNR_HP_SET_CHANNEL        4
#  #define IOCNR_GET_BUS_ADDRESS       5
#  #define IOCNR_GET_VID_PID       6
#  /* Get device_id string: */
#  #define LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID(len) _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_DEVICE_ID, len)
#  /* The following ioctls were added for http://hpoj.sourceforge.net */
#  /* (HPOJ is replaced by HPLIP, http://hplipopensource.com/): */
#  /* Get two-int array:
#  * [0]=current protocol (1=7/1/1, 2=7/1/2, 3=7/1/3),
#  * [1]=supported protocol mask (mask&(1<<n)!=0 means 7/1/n supported): */
#  #define LPIOC_GET_PROTOCOLS(len) _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_PROTOCOLS, len)
#  /* Set protocol (arg: 1=7/1/1, 2=7/1/2, 3=7/1/3): */
#  #define LPIOC_SET_PROTOCOL _IOC(_IOC_WRITE, 'P', IOCNR_SET_PROTOCOL, 0)
#  /* Set channel number (HP Vendor-specific command): */
#  #define LPIOC_HP_SET_CHANNEL _IOC(_IOC_WRITE, 'P', IOCNR_HP_SET_CHANNEL, 0)
#  /* Get two-int array: [0]=bus number, [1]=device address: */
#  #define LPIOC_GET_BUS_ADDRESS(len) _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_BUS_ADDRESS, len)
#  /* Get two-int array: [0]=vendor ID, [1]=product ID: */
#  #define LPIOC_GET_VID_PID(len) _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_VID_PID, len)
#  
#  
#  int main( int argc, char *argv, char *envp[] )
#  {
#   int len = 1024;
#   int v;
#   /* _IOC(), _IOC_READ as defined in /usr/include/asm/ioctl.h
# LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID(len) = _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_DEVICE_ID, len)
#   */
#   v = LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID(len);          printf("$LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID = 0x%08x;\n", v );
#   v = LPIOC_GET_BUS_ADDRESS(len);        printf("$LPIOC_GET_BUS_ADDRESS = 0x%08x;\n", v );
#   v = LPIOC_GET_VID_PID(len);            printf("$LPIOC_GET_VID_PID = 0x%08x;\n", v );
#   return(0);
#  }
#  
#     
# save this to a file, say getv.c, compile and run it, and you get an output
$ like this:
#  $LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID = 0x84005001;
#  $LPIOC_GET_BUS_ADDRESS = 0x84005005;
#  $LPIOC_GET_VID_PID = 0x84005006;



# Here is the getusbprinterid.pl PERL program to get the usb information
#    
#	!/usr/bin/perl
#	open FILE, "$ARGV[0]" or die "cannot open $ARGV[0]";
#	my $result;
#	# len = 1024
#	# LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID(len) = _IOC(_IOC_READ, 'P', IOCNR_GET_DEVICE_ID, len)
#	# _IOC(), _IOC_READ as defined in /usr/include/asm/ioctl.h
#	$LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID = 0x84005001;
#	$LPIOC_GET_BUS_ADDRESS = 0x84005005;
#	$LPIOC_GET_VID_PID = 0x84005006;
#	
#	ioctl(FILE, $LPIOC_GET_DEVICE_ID , $result) or die;
#	# Cut resulting string to its real length
#	my $length = ord(substr($result, 1, 1)) + (ord(substr($result, 0, 1)) << 8);
#	$result = substr($result, 2, $length-2);
#	# Remove non-printable characters
#	$result =~ tr/[\x0-\x1f]/\./;
#	print "DeviceID $result\n";
#	
#	$result = pack("LL",0);
#	ioctl(FILE, $LPIOC_GET_BUS_ADDRESS , $result) or die;
#	my( $v1, $v2 ) = unpack("LL", $result );
#	print "Bus '$v1', Device '$v2'\n";
#	
#	$result = pack("LL",0);
#	ioctl(FILE, $LPIOC_GET_VID_PID, $result) or die;
#	my( $v1, $v2 ) = unpack("LL", $result );
#	print "Vendor '$v1', Product '$v2'\n";
#	
#	close FILE;
#	
#    
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Running the program with "perl getusbprinterid.pl /dev/usb/lp0" returns the
# ID string of the device on /dev/usb/lp0.
# For example: perl getusbprinter.pl /dev/usb/lp0  
#  DeviceID MFG:Hewlett-Packard;CMD:PJL,MLC,PCL,PCLXL,POSTSCRIPT;MDL:\
#    HP LaserJet 2200;CLS:PRINTER;DES:Hewlett-Packard LaserJet 2200;\
#    MEM:8MB;OPTRAY:250Sheets
#  Bus '2', Device '2'
#  Vendor '1008', Product '535'
#
# (lines broken for clarity)


    <!--no known parport probe information-->
  </autodetect>

# Our grading system.  It's US-style letter grades A, B, D, and F,
# which the website shows as "Perfectly", "Mostly", "Partially" and
# "Paperweight" .
# THERE IS NO `C'!!!

  <functionality>A</functionality>

# Arguably, the scores should live with the printer/driver association
# and not on the printer, but then it's a big hassle to figure out if
# a printer works... So the score is the one reached with the driver
# working best, the "recommended" driver.

# There's a spot for this "recommended" driver, usually the driver
# which gives the maximum output quality. It is for user information
# on the web site, but newbie-friendly printer setup GUIs should use
# it, too. system-config-printer, printer setup tool of Fedora/Red
# Hat, Ubuntu, and Mandriva Linux makes use of it, also the former
# printerdrake of Mandriva Linux.

  <driver>Postscript-HP</driver>

# The following optional section describes with which drivers this
# printer works. A valid printer/driver pair can be defined by either
# adding the printer to the driver's printer list (the way how it
# worked all the time) but also by adding the driver to the printer's
# driver list. This way a printer can get associated with a driver for
# which there is no driver XML file and a driver can list a supported
# printer which is not in the printer XML database. For providing a
# PPD file both printer and driver XML files must exist, but it is not
# important in which of the two the printer/driver relationship is
# defined.

# The driver list in the printer XML files was introduced for once
# defining links to ready-made PPD files (relative paths without "/",
# "http:", "https:", or "ftp:" in the beginning are relative to
# $libdir/db/source/, absolute links can point to external sites, as
# for example the site of a printer manufacturer, but they must always
# provide the non-interactive download of the PPD file, for example
# via "wget") and second, listing the supported drivers for
# visitor-contributed printer entries (from web input form). The
# comments section is for adding comments specific to the
# printer/driver combo. As it is human-readable it is
# internationalized. Each driver entry here must have a driver ID. PPD
# file link and comment are optional.

  <drivers>
    <driver>
      <id>Postscript-HP</id>
      <ppd>PPD/HP/HP_LaserJet_4000_Series.ppd</ppd>
      <comments><en>...</en></comments>
    </driver>
  </drivers>


# The <unverified /> tag marks entries which are entered by visitors
# via the printer input form on the OpenPrinting web site. It does not
# appear in approved entries (= all entries in the BZR repository of
# the foomatic-db package).

  <!--not "unverified"-->

# If there is a web site with additional interesting info about this
# printer, it can be mentioned in the entry by putting it between
# <contrib_url>...</contrib_url> tags,

  <!--no "contrib_url"-->

# The regular notes section.  The allowed tags are: <p>, <a
# href="foobar"> </a> and many other simple tags (<b>, <i>, <tt>,
# ...). Note that to distinguish what is XML and what is the embedded
# HTML, the following replacements have to be made:
#
#   < --> &lt;
#   > --> &gt;
#   " --> &quot;
#   ' --> &apos;
#   & --> &amp;
#

  <comments>
    <en>
    I don&apos;t believe this:&lt;p&gt;

    &lt;i&gt;1200x1200 dpi only possible with Windows drivers,
    600x600 can be reached w/o particular software.
    The difference is visible, but only slightly, so
    the Functionality got &quot;Mostly&quot;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;p&gt;

    Do the following:&lt;p&gt;

    Set the resolution on the front panel to &quot;Prores 1200&quot;, not
    to &quot;Fastres 1200&quot;. When you use CUPS with HPs PPD file, turn
    off &quot;Fastres 1200&quot; in the printer configuration
    options.&lt;p&gt;

    Try the generic PostScript PPD file which comes with KUPS 1.0 or newer.
    </en>
  </comments>
</printer>


driver/md2k.xml
===============

The driver files contain information about drivers.  There are a few
things, but the two biggies are the prototype and the printers list

<driver id="driver/md2k">
 <name>md2k</name>

# According to the Adobe specifications for PPD files every PPD file
# must contain a unique DOS-compatible file name (the "*PCFileName"),
# a file name with an up to 8 characters log base name and an up to 3
# characters long extension, and upper and lower case letters being
# considered as equal. As every PPD file is for a printer/driver combo,
# we let the last 2 characters being provided by the driver entry:

 <pcdriver>M2</pcdriver>

# The drivers listed by the OpenPrinting database are usually not
# developed by OpenPrinting.  Most free software printer drivers come
# from independent projects, initiated by peopke who want to get their
# printers to work under Linux, some other drivers come from the
# printer manufacturers. So even if OpenPrinting hosts a downloadable
# package of the driver the development of the driver is not part of
# OpenPrinting. Therefore every driver entry has to contain a
# reference to the developers of the driver, where the driver can be
# actually downloaded. The appropriate link goes into the <url> tag:

 <url>http://plaza26.mbn.or.jp/~higamasa/gdevmd2k/</url>

# The driver XML files can contain the following tags to describe the
# driver's properties, so that a user can easily find the driver which
# is most suitable for him. The properties are shown in the gray
# driver info boxes on the OpenPrinting web site and they are also
# supposed to be shown by printer setup tools when they offer to
# download a driver from OpenPrinting. It is especially important to
# supply them if a downloadable driver package or PPD files are
# supplied.

# Supplier's name, internationalization (with <en>...</en><de>...</de>...)
# optional

#   <supplier>SpliX project</supplier>

# Does the driver come from the printer's manufacturer or from a third
# party. The third form tells also the manufacturer names of the
# printers which are from the manufacturer which developed the
# driver. If there are also printers from other manufacturers
# supported (like for the PCL driver HPIJS) then the OpenPrinting web
# site does not show this driver as manufacturer-supplied on the pages
# of the printers of other manufacturers.

#   <thirdpartysupplied />   OR   <manufacturersupplied />   OR
#   <manufacturersupplied>HP|Apollo</manufacturersupplied>

# License name. Here should be put the common short name or
# abbreviation if the license is one of the common free software
# licenses. Otherwise it should contain something short and
# descriptive, for non-free drivers simply "Commercial". The license
# name can be internationalized with language tags
# (<en>...</en><de>...</de>...).

#   <license>GPL</license>

# The license text does not need to be supplied for common free
# software licenses. It should be supplied if:
#
#  - The license is not free (<nonfreesoftware /> tag set)
#  - The driver has patent issues (<patents /> tag set, describe the
#    patent issues here in that case)
#  - The license of the driver is free but none of the common licenses
#    (<nonfreesoftware /> tag not set)

#   <licensetext>
#    <en>
#      ...
#    </en>
#   </licensetext>

# License texts can also be linked from external sites:

#   <licensetext>
#    <en url="http://www.laserstar.com/licenses/en/gl-series-eula.txt" />
#    <de url="http://www.laserstar.com/licenses/de/gl-series-eula.txt" />
#    ...
#   </licensetext>

# License texts have to be given always as plain text, UTF-8-encoded.

# Mark with this tag whether the driver is non-free software

#   <nonfreesoftware />

# All driver entries without this tag are considered to be free
# software.

# This tag tells whether there are any patent issues with the driver

#   <patents />

# The absence of the tag tells that the driver is free of patent
# issues.

# If a driver entry provides a <licensetext> and is <nonfreesoftware
# /> or with <patents /> printer setup tools which download this
# driver are supposed to present the license text and ask the user
# whether he agrees with it.

# Printer manufacturers could want to package their drivers for
# different market regions (Europe, Asia/Pacific, Americas, ...) as
# the markets demand different capabilities of printer drivers and
# different user-settable options (CJK-language-related stufff for
# example). So there could even be two different driver flavors for
# the same printer but adapted to different regions. To express these
# driver properties there are special tags.

# For each flavor of the driver a separate driver entry (driver XML
# file) has to be supplied. There is no requirement of certain
# properties of the driver flavors to be equal or not. Especially the
# printer lists can contain printers which are not in all flavors, for
# example if printers are only sold in certain regions. To mark which
# entries are belonging together one adds a group tag to each XML
# file, with the same group name, but the name must be different to
# the names of all already existing groups. A locales tag contains all
# language/country codes for which the driver flavor is intended:

#   <group>epson-inkjet</group>
#   <locales>de en_UK en_IE fr_FR es_ES</locales>

# The codes in the locales tags should be different for the group
# members, to allow to automatically select the most suitable flavor
# if the detected printer is supported by more than one flavor.

# For downloadable drivers support contacts should be given, so that
# users get informed before they do the download and do not complain
# at their OS distribution vendor if the driver downloaded from
# OpenPrinting does not work. The human-readable string for the
# support contact can be internationalized with language tags
# (<en>...</en><de>...</de>...).

#   <supportcontacts>
#    <supportcontact level="voluntary" url="http://sourceforge.net/forum/?group_id=175815">SpliX forum at SourceForge</supportcontact>
#    <supportcontact level="commercial" url="http://www.laserstar.com/support/">LaserStar Support</supportcontact>
#   </supportcontacts>

# This is an internationalized short description of the driver,
# typically one line, to be used in the gray driver info boxes, in the
# driver overview list, and also by printer setup tools. If a driver
# entry is for a development version of a driver, tell it here, as the
# long description is not shown everywhere.

#   <shortdescription>
#    <en>
#     Driver for Samsung SPL2 (ML-1710, ...) and SPLc (CLP-500, ...) laser
#     printers
#    </en>
#   </shortdescription>

# If there are downloadable packages for this driver entry on the
# OpenPrinting web site, a <packages> section has to be supplied. This
# tag tells which package files on the OpenPrinting web server belong
# to this driver or on which external server to find packages for this
# driver. It also allows assigning files or locations to different
# components of this driver and to assign scopes to them. Scopes can
# be: "general", "gui", "printer", "scanner", "fax", ... Uses the
# "general" scope if packages are not split. Wild cards are the same
# as used for file masks in the shell (NOT regular expressions). They
# must match both Debian and RPM package file names. Note that between
# file name and version number is a "-" for RPMs and a "_" for Debian
# packages.

#   <packages>
#    <package scope="general">*splix[_-]1.[0-9].[0-9]*</package>
#   </packages>

# It is possible to give absolute paths which can point to external
# sites, as for example the site of a printer manufacturer, so that
# the package can be hosted there but auto-downloaded via
# OpenPrinting. Important is that these packages are auto-downloadable
# LSB packages and that a non-interactive download is provided (should
# also work with utilities like "wget"). Licenses which the users have
# to agree on have to get supplied in the driver XML file. Printer
# setup tools are supposed to ask the user for agreeing if the driver
# is marked as non-free or with patent issues.

# Example for packages provided by an external site:

#   <packages>
#    <package scope="general" fingerprint="http://download.example.com/printerdrivers/gpg/key-fingerprint.txt">http://download.example.com/printerdrivers/RPMS/i486/*laserstar*;http://download.example.com/printerdrivers/RPMS/x86_64/*laserstar*;http://download.example.com/printerdrivers/debian/dists/lsb3.2/main/binary-i386/*laserstar*;http://download.example.com/printerdrivers/debian/dists/lsb3.2/main/binary-amd64/*laserstar*</package>
#   </packages>

# Note that more than one mask can be supplied separating them with
# semicolons (";").

# The masks with absolute paths must match all package files, of all
# architectures (usually i386/i486 and amd64/x86_64) and all package
# systems (RPM and Debian). Use more than one mask if needed. On your
# server each directory with package files inside must be browsable,
# so that a client can expand the wildcards. In addition the packages
# itself need to be readable for everyone so that they can get
# downloaded.

# Note also that the packages on the external server must be in
# regular package repositories, so that automatic updates with the
# package manager tools provided by the user's Linux distribution
# (currently apt, yum, and zypper) can be performed. The configuration
# data for the local tools is derived from the actual file locations,
# which get determined by the masks.

# Important is also that with paths (absolute starting with "http://",
# "https://", or "ftp://" and relative simply having at least a slash
# somewhere) wildcards can only be used after the last slash ("/"). So
# wildcards are only allowed for the file name and not for the
# directory names.

# If the packages are signed, all packages of the same <package> entry
# should be signed with the same key and the key should be registered
# on the key server network. The key fingerprint should be made
# available as a text file on the web site of the driver issuer and
# the site should be with an SSL certificate which has been signed by
# an official registrar. The "fingerprint=..." parameter should then
# provide the link to the file with the key fingerprint. The link must
# be an "https://..." URL and point to a file on a server of the
# driver issuer. Packages must be signed for fully automatic upload by
# default on Linux distributions. See also

# https://www.linuxfoundation.org/collaborate/workgroups/openprinting/writingandpackagingprinterdrivers

# The <functionality> section should make it easier for a user to
# compare different drivers by giving some technical properties and
# ratings (0...100) for common document types, system load, and
# execution speed. The higher the number, the better the driver
# performs here. It is not required to supply all items. Items can be
# left out or can stay empty. <functionality> sections of the same
# format can also be used in the <printer> entries in the <printers>
# list, to describe exceptions for particular printers. If an item is
# left out or empty there, the appropriate item in the general
# <functionality> section is used, so only the items which are
# different for the given printer need to be listed.

#   <functionality>
#    <maxresx>1200</maxresx>
#    <maxresy>1200</maxresy>
#    <color />   OR   <monochrome />
#    <text>100</text>
#    <lineart>100</lineart>
#    <graphics>100</graphics>
#    <photo>80</photo>
#    <load>50</load>
#    <speed>90</speed>
#   </functionality>

# Not all tags are required here, if the valur for a tag is not known,
# the tag has to be left out. Do not put empty tags (like
# "<text></text>" or "<text />" here.

# The <execution> section describes everything needed to execute the
# driver.

 <execution>

# Sometimes it is possible that a driver depends on another driver,
# for example a manufacturer publishes a core driver which is
# completely free software and supports most of their printer. In
# addition, he publishes closed-source plugins for the core driver to
# support additional printers where they cannot open the driver code
# for IP reasons. He wants to link in all his driver packages for
# automatic download with the <packages> tags. To make everything work
# correctly he creates one driver entry for the core driver and one
# for each plugin. The printers which do not need the plugin get
# listed as supported by the core driver, the printers needing a
# plugin are listed as supported by the plugin. To avoid that then
# only a plugin gets automatically downloaded one adds a <requires>
# tag to each entry of a plugin, to the beginning of the <execution>
# section:

#    <requires version="&gt;= 5.0.1">gutenprint</requires>
#    <requires version="&gt;= 2.7.10">hpijs</requires>
 
# The version attribute is optional, without, every version is
# accepted. Optional relationships (>=, <=, =, <, >) allow to not only
# accept the given version. The '>´ and '<' have to be replaced by the
# appropriate XML entities, as described earlier here for other text
# in the XML files. More than one <requires> tag is allowed.

# Driver types are 
#
#  <ghostscript /> : The driver code is compiled into Ghostscript
#
#  <ijs /> :         IJS plug-in. These are raster drivers which connect
#                    to the IJS interface of the renderer, usually of 
#                    Ghostscript but also of pdftoijs or others. The
#                    interface is based on pipes and is bi-directional.
#                    It makes the driver independent of the renderer.
#
#  <cups /> :	     CUPS Raster driver. The raster driver standard
#                    introduced by CUPS. The renderer generates the CUPS
#		     Raster format, a bitmap format optimized for printing,
#		     and it gets piped into the driver.
#
#  <opvp /> :        OpenPrinting Vector driver. DLL and IPC interface for
#                    plugging printer drivers into the renderer. This is
#                    the only solution of mudular printer drivers for high-
#                    level graphics (vector) PDLs.
#
#  <uniprint /> :    A uniprint driver, consisting of one or more .upp
#                    files for Ghostscript.
#
#  <filter /> :      The driver code is a separate executable and the 
#                    driver does not fit into the groups listed above, 
#                    usually either a filter which converts generic 
#                    bitmap output of Ghostscript to the printer's 
#                    language, or a wrapper around Ghostscript.
#
#  <postscript /> :  A driver which has PostScript as output (for 
#                    PostScript printers). It usually does not call
#                    Ghostscript but only applies the user's option
#                    settings to the data stream. But Ghostscript can
#                    be called here, too, as for downgrading to a lower
#                    PostScript level or for handling PDF input.
#
# The driver type only provides information for the web pages (or
# driver auto-download facilities of printer setup tools), it is not
# used when generating PPD files.

   <ghostscript />

# The driver's <execution> section can also contain a
#
# <nopjl />
#
# which suppresses the usage of PJL options (options which send PJL
# commands to the printer). This is done with drivers where the driver
# itself already produces a PJL header and where the PJL options
# defined for the supported printers would badly interfere. In most
# cases this is not needed, as foomatic-rip merges the PJL headers of
# the driver and of the PJL options.

# And the driver's <execution> section can also contain a
#
# <nopageaccounting />
#
# This suppresses the inserting of page accounting code (for CUPS)
# into the PostScript data stream. Some drivers lead to unexpected
# behavior with that. Especially for the generic PostScript drivers
# (which do not use Ghostscript in most cases) the accounting code
# should not be inserted.

# The prototype defines what command the backends run to drive this
# printer. It must take at least PostScript, preferably both PDF and
# PostScript on stdin and generate the printer's native language on
# stdout. Various %A, %B, etc substitution "spots" are specified; this
# is where substition options will be placed.

  <prototype>gs -q -dBATCH -dSAFER -dQUIET -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=md2k%A%Z -sOutputFile=- -</prototype>
 </execution>
 <comments>
  <en>
    Part of the gdevmd2k-0.2a package by Shinya Umino.  The web page and
    documentation are in Japanese.
    &lt;a href="/clippings/MD5000-translation.txt"&gt;Here&lt;/a&gt;
    is an English translation of the driver's web page, and &lt;a
    href="/clippings/alpsmd.txt"&gt;here&lt;/a&gt; is the README from the
    driver package.
  </en>
 </comments>

# if there is only a <prototype> and not a <prototype_pdf> entry,
# foomatic-rip will feed both PostScript and PDF into the command line
# defined with <prototype>, otherwise for PostScript input the
# <prototype> command line is used and for PDF input the
# <prototype_pdf> command line. Both are defined the same way and the
# same command line snippets are inserted from the option settings.

# If there is only a <prototype> defined, PDF will only be fed in if
# the command line begins with "gs " (this means Ghostscript is called
# and Ghostscript understands both PostScript and PDF) and there are
# no options based on inserting active PostScript code into the input
# data stream. Otherwise foomatic-rip converts PDF input to PostScript
# at first and feeds the PostScript through the command line.

# The printer list is a simple list of printers that this driver works
# with. Alternatively, one can tell that a given printer works with a
# given driver also by a <drivers> list in the printer's XML file (see
# above).

 <printers>
  <printer>
   <id>printer/Alps-MD-1000</id><!-- Alps MD-1000 -->
  </printer>
  <printer>
   <id>printer/Alps-MD-1300</id><!-- Alps MD-1300 -->
  </printer>
  <printer>
   <id>printer/Alps-MD-2000</id><!-- Alps MD-2000 -->
  </printer>
  <printer>
   <id>printer/Alps-MD-4000</id><!-- Alps MD-4000 -->
  </printer>
 </printers>
</driver>

# In the printer list it is also possible to place comments or
# exceptions in the driver's functionality (see above) specific to a
# certain printer/driver pair:

#  <printer>
#   <id>printer/HP-LaserJet_4050</id><!-- HP LaserJet 4050 -->
#   <comments>
#    <en>to 1200dpi</en>
#   </comments>
#   <functionality>
#    <monochrome />
#   </functionality>
#  </printer>

# Note that printer/driver relationships can also be expressed by
# adding the driver to the <drivers> lists of the appropriate printer
# XML files.


source/opt/2.xml
================

# Every option exists independently from printers or drivers, because
# they might apply to arbitrary combinations of printers and/or
# drivers.  In practice, some drivers have wholly unique options
# (gutenprint for example), while others (lots of generic basic
# Ghostscript drivers, for example) share some options.

<option type="enum" id="opt/2">

# Options are of a type "enum", "bool", "int", "float", "string", or
# "password", options have an ID.  The id is also the filename.

# The shortname is a spaceless short name for the thing.  It must not
# contain / or : (otherwise it will not be handled correctly in PPD
# files). It should be one of the standard Adobe PPD option names if
# apropriate

  <arg_shortname>

# Various things here, and all <comments>, are internationalized.
# They take the usual posix locale codes in the form xx[_YY], where xx
# is a two-letter iso language code, and YY is two-letter country code
# to distinguish differing national dialects.
#
# Generally the national dialects won't be very common or necessary
# here.  The backends currently require that <en> content be provided.

   <en>PageSize</en><!-- backends only know <en> shortnames! -->
  </arg_shortname>

# The longname is a short phrase describing the thing in more detail
# GUI tools usually show longnames

  <arg_longname>
   <en>Page Size</en>
  </arg_longname>

# The <comments> are used to form documentation.  In theory these can
# become man pages or the like. Example:

#   <comments>
#    <en>
#     This option allows the user to get a lighter or darker printout, but
#     keeping totally black areas black and not making white areas gray.
#    </en>
#   </comments>

  <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
       it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->

# The execution section describe how the backend should execute this
# option. The order and spot apply to the *driver*'s prototype for
# <arg_substitution /> (once called commandline) style options, or
# just the order applies for <arg_postscript /> and <arg_pjl />
# options. The order and the <arg_section> go into the "*OrderDependency"
# line of the appropriate option entry in the PPD file, for this example
# one would get

#    *OrderDependency: 100 DocumentSetup *PageSize

# When no <arg_section> is given, "AnySetup" is used as a default.

# For <arg_substitution /> options the <arg_proto> is inserted into
# the driver's command line, at the spot (e. g. "%A") whose letter is
# given between the <arg_spot>...</arg_spot> tags, the <arg_proto> of
# an <arg_postscript /> option is a snippet of PostScript code which
# is inserted into the PostScript data stream of the job, for
# DSC-conforming PostScript into the section specified with
# <arg_section>, otherwise in the beginning. The <arg_proto> lines of
# <arg_pjl /> options are PJL commands which are sent to the printer
# before the output of the driver's command line is sent. Because this
# only works reliably when the driver output does not have its own PJL
# command header, these options are ignored when the driver's XML file
# is marked with a <nopjl /> tag in its <execution> section. Drivers
# which produce their own PJL and therefore are marked with <nopjl />
# are for example "hpijs" and "hl1250". There is also the
# <arg_composite /> execution style for composite options, see the
# "Composite Options" section below. The user's value gets put into
# the <arg_proto>'s %s location. 

# The <arg_group>...</arg_group> tags put the option into the PPD
# option group named here. In many PPD-based GUIs ("kprinter", "xpp",
# OpenOffice.org, ...) every group is shown as a tab or a tree branch
# containing the member options of this group. You can also specify
# subgroups. Then you have to use a "group path" similar to directory
# paths, with the group and subgroup names separated by slashes
# (<arg_group>General/Paper</arg_group> is the "Paper" subgroup in the
# "General" group). Subgroups are not recommended as there is no GUI
# supporting them. If an option is member of a composite option (See
# "Composite Options" section below), the <arg_group>...</arg_group>
# tags will be ignored.

  <arg_execution>
   <arg_group>General</arg_group>
   <arg_order>100</arg_order>
   <arg_section>DocumentSetup</arg_section>
   <arg_spot>Z</arg_spot>
   <arg_postscript />
   <arg_proto>&lt;&lt;/PageSize[%s]/ImagingBBox null&gt;&gt;setpagedevice</arg_proto>
  </arg_execution>

# The constraints define what printer/driver combinations this option
# applies to.  The *most specific* constraint rules the day; it's
# "sense" says whether or not the option is "in".  The winning
# constraint also provides the default value used when this option
# applies to that printer and driver.

# Constraint elements are: driver, make, model.  The driver is the
# driver name, or not present to apply to any driver.  The make is the
# printer make, or not present to apply to any printer make.  The
# model is the driver model, or not present to apply to any printer.
# Instead of make/model, you can also specify <printer>id</printer>.

# IMPORTANT: The make and model must match the one in the printer xml
# definition, and everywhere else in the other options. One needs to
# write a utility to change printer names sensibly.

# It is illegal to have a model with no make.

# It is illegal to have none of make/model/driver.

# It is illegal to have *no* constraints, or at least such options are
# never used.

# For enum options, the defval is the id of the enum_val that is the
# default.  For other option types, it is the actual default value
# (ie, a number, or 1 or 0 for boolean, etc).

  <constraints>
     <constraint sense="true">
      <driver>sj48</driver>
      <arg_defval>ev/1</arg_defval>
     </constraint>
     <constraint sense="true">
      <driver>r4081</driver>
      <arg_defval>ev/1</arg_defval>
     </constraint>
# A gajillion constraints deleted
  </constraints>
  <enum_vals>
   <enum_val id="ev/1">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>US Letter</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>Letter</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in 
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>

# If present, the driverval is what gets substituted in for the %s in
# the option's prototype.  This way the user-visible stuff can be
# anything.

    <ev_driverval>612 792</ev_driverval>

# This enum_val has no constraints.  It *is* OK for enum_vals to
# have no constraints; they are assumed to apply unless
# constrained otherwise.

   </enum_val>
   <enum_val id="ev/115">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>A3</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>A3</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in 
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>
    <ev_driverval>842 1191</ev_driverval>

# Here are some example constraints for an enum_val.  The A3 size
# paper doesn't fit on lots of printers, so there are various
# constraints to make the right thing happen.

    <constraints>
     <constraint sense="true">
      <driver>ml85p</driver>
      <arg_defval>na</arg_defval>
     </constraint>
     <constraint sense="true">
      <make>HP</make>
      <model>DeskJet 1000C</model>
      <driver>pnm2ppa</driver>
      <arg_defval>na</arg_defval>
     </constraint>
     <constraint sense="false">
      <make>HP</make>
      <model>DeskJet 820C</model>
      <driver>pnm2ppa</driver>
      <arg_defval>na</arg_defval>
     </constraint>

     # lots more...

    </constraints>
   </enum_val>
  </enum_vals>
</option>

# To allow custom page sizes to be used one has add a choice with the
# "<ev_shortname>" being "Custom" to the "PageSize" option (example
# below). This choice will be treated as the custom page size. When
# the user selects this choice, he has to provide the width and the
# height of the page in addition. These values are converted into
# PostScript points (1/72 inches) and inserted into placeholders in
# the "<ev_driverval>" of this choice. The "<ev_driverval>" should
# contain a placeholder "%0" for the page width and "%1" for the page
# height. Alternatively the "<ev_driverval>" can contain two zeros
# ("0") from which the first will be replaced by the page width and
# the second by the page height. Then one gets Adobe-compliant entries
# for the custom page size in the PPD files and one can set a custom
# page size with the following commands:

# CUPS: lpr -P huge -o PageSize=Custom.500x750cm bigposter.ps
# LPRng: lpr -P huge -Z PageSize=Custom.500x750cm bigposter.ps
# GNUlpr: lpr -P huge -o PageSize=Custom.500x750cm bigposter.ps
# LPD: lpr -P huge -JPageSize=Custom.500x750cm bigposter.ps
# PPR (RIP): ppr -P huge -F "*PageSize Custom" --ripopts 500x750cm
#          bigposter.ps
# PPR (Int.): ppr -P huge -F "*PageSize Custom" -i 500x750cm bigposter.ps
# PDQ: pdq -P huge -oPageSize_Custom -aPageWidth=500
#          -aPageHeight=750 -oPageSizeUnit_cm bigposter.ps
# No spooler: foomatic-rip -P huge -o PageSize=Custom.500x750cm
#	   bigposter.ps

# Here is an example for a custom page size setting:

#   <enum_val id="ev/PageSize-Custom">
#    <ev_longname>
#     <en>Custom size</en>
#    </ev_longname>
#    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
#         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
#    <ev_shortname>
#     <en>Custom</en>
#     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in 
#          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
#    </ev_shortname>
#    <ev_driverval>%0 %1</ev_driverval>
#   </enum_val>

# The entry

#    <ev_driverval>0 0</ev_driverval>

# would have the same effect as the <ev_driverval> of the example.

# For numerical (int, float) and bool options there is no <enum_vals>
# section. Instead of this section numerical options have tags to
# specify minimum and maximum value:

#  <arg_max>10.0</arg_max>
#  <arg_min>0.0</arg_min>

# For the %s in the <arg_proto> a number, either the user's choice
# when he has specified this option or the default value is
# inserted. Only numbers between the minimum and the maximum and in
# case of int options only integer numbers are allowed.

# Bool options can be set or not be set. There <arg_proto> will be
# inserted if they are set, nothing if they are not set. A %s in the
# <arg_proto> is not allowed, there is nothing to insert for it. As
# <arg_defval> in the option's constraints one can use 0 for not
# setting the option by default or 1 for setting it by default.

# Bool options need the specification of a name for the case when they
# are not set. This will be used by GUIs and in PPD files:

#  <arg_shortname_false>
#    <en>CorrectBlack</en><!-- Backends only know <en> shortnames! -->
#  </arg_shortname_false>

# This name should not contain spaces, ":", or "/".

# See below for string, password, and composite options.


Composite Options
-----------------

This is an option type to make it easier for users to choose the best
settings for a certain printing task, even if the driver has very many
options. The idea is to have an enumerated choice option which does
not directly modify something in the driver's command line but sets
several of the other options.

One example is the "PrintoutMode" option which will be made available
for all printer/driver combos which have at least one option regarding
the printout quality or document type. 

The possible choices should be the same for every printer and driver,
so that users (especially newbies) can bring their printers in the
right mode by choosing one easy to understand item from a menu instead
of having to switch several cryptic driver options. For now the
choices are the following:

   Command line  GUI                Intention
   -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   Draft         Draft              Very fast, ink/toner-saving printout
   Normal        Normal             Quick standard quality printout
   High          High Quality       High quality for plain paper
   VeryHigh      Very High Quality  Highest quality for plain/inkjet paper
   Photo         Photo              Highest quality for photo paper

These choices can also have one of the following modifiers:

   Modifier      Intention
   -----------------------------------------------------------------------
   .Gray         Grayscale printing on a color printer
   .Mono         Monochrome printing (no grayscales, black or white)

Examples:

   Command line   GUI                      Comment
   ---------------------------------------------------------------------
   High.Gray      High Quality Grayscale
   Photo          Photo                    Color photos on color printer
   VeryHigh.Mono  Very High Quality Monochrome  Really black text in
                                           highest quality on inkjet
                                           printer, not suitable for
                                           halftone images.
   Normal         Normal                   Standard color in 300/360 dpi
                                           on normal paper, grayscale
                                           on black-and-white printers

Not all choices/combinations of basic choices and modifiers must be
present. Often modes are simply not available on certain
printer/driver combos, as "Photo" on most lasers. It is highly
recommended to have "Normal" available, though (and having this the
default).

The GUI names can have additional remarks in parantheses, for example
when manual intervention (other cartridge, photo paper) is needed.

To add such an option to the database, one only needs to add an option
XML file like the one below into the db/source/opt directory of the
database. The file db/source/opt/pcl3-PrintoutMode.xml could look
like this:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<option type="enum" id="opt/pcl3-PrintoutMode">
  <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
       it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
  <arg_longname>
   <en>Printout Mode</en>
  </arg_longname>
  <arg_shortname>
   <en>PrintoutMode</en><!-- backends only know <en> shortnames! -->
  </arg_shortname>
  <arg_execution>
   <arg_order>10</arg_order>
   <arg_section>AnySetup</arg_section>
   <arg_spot>A</arg_spot>
   <arg_composite />
   <!-- <arg_proto></arg_proto> -->
  </arg_execution>
  <constraints>
     <constraint sense="true">
      <driver>pcl3</driver>
      <arg_defval>ev/pcl3-PrintoutMode-Normal</arg_defval>
     </constraint>
  </constraints>
  <enum_vals>
   <enum_val id="ev/pcl3-PrintoutMode-Draft">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>Draft</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>Draft</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>
    <ev_driverval>MediaType=Plain Resolution=150 Quality=Draft IntensityRendering=Halftones Passes=1</ev_driverval>
   </enum_val>
   <enum_val id="ev/pcl3-PrintoutMode-Normal">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>Normal</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>Normal</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>
    <ev_driverval>MediaType=Plain Resolution=300 Quality=Normal IntensityRendering=Halftones Passes=1</ev_driverval>
   </enum_val>
   <enum_val id="ev/pcl3-PrintoutMode-High">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>High</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>High</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>
    <ev_driverval>MediaType=Plain Resolution=600 Quality=Presentation IntensityRendering=FloydSteinberg Passes=4</ev_driverval>
   </enum_val>
   <enum_val id="ev/pcl3-PrintoutMode-Photo">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>Photo (on photo paper)</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>Photo</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>
    <ev_driverval>MediaType=Premium Resolution=600 Quality=Presentation IntensityRendering=FloydSteinberg Passes=4</ev_driverval>
   </enum_val>
  </enum_vals>
</option>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

The shown option is only an example, it is neither in the BZR
repository nore will it work with all printers which use the "pcl3"
driver. You can paste it into a file (make the <ev_driverval>s being
one line, the items separated by spaces) and copy it to db/source/opt/
to try it out.

The "<arg_composite />" tag for the execution style specifies it as a
composite option. The <arg_spot> and <arg_proto> are meaningless in a
composite option and the "<ev_driverval>"s contain a space-separated
list of all settings of which the pre-made configuration represented
by this choice consists. Every choice of the composite option must set
EXACTLY THE SAME individual options. In no choice it is allowed to
leave out one of them. These individual options are the member options
of the composite option. Not all options of a driver/printer combo
need to be member options of the composite option. It is not allowed
to have one option being member of more than one composite option. The
composite option must be an enumerated choice option, the member
options must be enumerated choice or boolean options. Member options
can even be composite options, so composite options can be nested.

It is enough to add a composite option as shown. The PPD generator
(getppd() in lib/Foomatic/DB.pm, package "foomatic-db-engine") will
take care of the rest. It will

   - Order all member options into a group (PPD group, see "Option
     Grouping" below) named after the composite option.

   - Add to every member option the choice "Controlled by '<name of
     the composite option>'" and make this choice the default. If this
     is chosen, the composite option will set the value for this
     member, depending on what value is chosen for the composite
     option. If the user chooses something else than "Controlled by
     '<name of the composite option>'" the member option does not obey
     the setting given by the composite option. So the advanced user
     can also set the member options individually.

   - If necessary the <arg_order> and <arg_section> of the composite
     option is replaced by other values in the PPD file, so that the
     composite option will be stuffed into the PostScript data stream
     always before all its member options. Do not give "0" as the
     order number to any of the member options.

A composite option can also span only one (but not zero) member
option. This is for example done with the "PrintoutMode" option of the
HPIJS driver ("foomatic-db-hpijs" package). This driver has only one
option for setting resolution and quality, but this option has
sometimes many choices with rather cryptic names. The "PrintoutMode"
maps to the most important choices with the above-mentioned names, and
in addition, these names are the same as of the "PrintoutMode" options
of other drivers, so the user finds the important printing modes more
easily.

The facility of composite options can also be used for other things
than for a "PrintoutMode" option, for example a finisher could be
controlled by a composite option (to have the most common finishing
tasks as "Bound booklet", "Stapled booklet", "Letter in envelope",
...).


Forced Composite Options
------------------------

Forced composite options are very similar to composite options, but the
user cannot set the individual member options, but only the composite
option (the user is forced to use the composite option). This allows
options acting at two or more places.

Example: A printer driver is a filter which converts a generic bitmap
produced by Ghostscript to the printer's native format. The command
line for converting PostScript to the printer's language could look like this

gs -q -dBATCH -dSAFER -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=bitcmyk -r600 -sOutputFile=-
- | filter -size=<width>x<height>

where <width> and <height> is the page size in points (1/72
inches). In addition, Ghostscript needs to know the page size. For
this one usually puts the following PostScript code into the
PostScript input file:

<</PageSize[<width> <height>]/ImagingBBox null>>setpagedevice

where <width> and <height> is again the page size in points. So we
need two options for setting the page size, one PostScript option to
set the page size for Ghostscript and one command line option to set
the page size for the filter. The user would have to change both when
he wants to print on another paper size, and it does not make sense to
have different settings for the two. So one could make the "PageSize"
option a composite option of the two, but then the GUI exposes an ugly
"PageSize" group with the two individual options. To avoid this, one
uses a forced composite option ("Forced" because the user is forced to
use the composite option, the individual member options are not
accessible).

Assuming that the name of the PostScript option for the page size is
"GSPageSize", the name of the page size option for the filter is
"filterPageSize" and both have the choices "A4", "Letter", and
"Legal", the forced composite option named "PageSize" would look as
follows:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<option type="enum" id="opt/filter-PageSize">
  <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
       it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
  <arg_longname>
   <en>Page Size</en>
  </arg_longname>
  <arg_shortname>
   <en>PageSize</en><!-- backends only know <en> shortnames! -->
  </arg_shortname>
  <arg_execution>
   <arg_order>10</arg_order>
   <arg_section>AnySetup</arg_section>
   <arg_spot>A</arg_spot>
   <arg_forced_composite />
  </arg_execution>
  <constraints>
     <constraint sense="true">
      <driver>filter</driver>
      <arg_defval>ev/filter-PageSize-Letter</arg_defval>
     </constraint>
  </constraints>
  <enum_vals>
   <enum_val id="ev/filter-PageSize-Letter">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>Letter</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>Letter</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>
    <ev_driverval>GSPageSize=Letter filterPageSize=Letter</ev_driverval>
   </enum_val>
   <enum_val id="ev/filter-PageSize-Legal">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>Legal</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>Legal</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>
    <ev_driverval>GSPageSize=Legal filterPageSize=Legal</ev_driverval>
   </enum_val>
   <enum_val id="ev/filter-PageSize-A4">
    <ev_longname>
     <en>A4</en>
    </ev_longname>
    <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
         it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
    <ev_shortname>
     <en>A4</en>
     <!-- Until someone tells me how to learn the user locale in
          backends, the shortname must be monolingual in <en>! -->
    </ev_shortname>
    <ev_driverval>GSPageSize=A4 filterPageSize=A4</ev_driverval>
   </enum_val>
  </enum_vals>
</option>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

This looks exactly like a usual composite option and works also the
same way. The only difference is that instead of an "<arg_composite
/>" tag "<arg_forced_composite />" is used. If the PPD generator finds
such an option, it hides the member options by only using
"*Foomatic..." keywords to describe them, not any standard PPD
keywords as "*OpenUI...", "*OrderDependency...", ... This way
PPD-aware graphical frontends do not see the member options but
foomatic-rip has all information from them to run the driver
correctly.


String and Password Options
---------------------------

These options allow the user to supply nearly arbitrary strings
(within limits of length, characters and structure) to the printer
driver, for example names of color calibration files, fax numbers,
passwords for confidential jobs, ... Frequently needed strings can be
added as enumerated choices, so a frontend can show the option as a
combo-box. The enumerated choices are also used for frontends which
only support options as defined by the PPD spec. So having enumerated
choices is highly recommended for most of these options.

In the XML database string and password options look similar to
enumerated choice options. The differences are the option types
"string" or "password" and the additional tags to restrict the
possible strings.

The "<arg_maxlength>" tags give a length limit, it should once not
allow strings longer than around 100 characters, as otherwise
foomatic-configure could generate a line longer than the allowed 255
characters in the PPD file when setting the default value, and second,
which is very important, it should not allow strings which are too
long for the printer filter or driver so that buffer overflows cannot
occur. Not using the "<arg_maxlength>" tags makes arbitrary long
strings to be accepted, this is not recommended.

With "<arg_allowedchars>" the accepted strings can be restricted to
contain only the characters given in the list. This restrictions does
not only avoid that the filter chokes on a wrong option, it serves
mainly for security reasons, for example to avoid a string like "|| rm
-rf * ||" for a command line option. So if the option prototype does
not quote the string, command delimiter characters, I/O re-directors,
and shell special characters (";", "|", "&", "<", ">", "*", "?", "[",
"]", "{", "}", "(", ")", "$", "\", "'", """) should not be allowed. If
the string is quoted by the option prototype, the closing quote
character and the backslash should not be allowed, so that one cannot
escape from the quoting. The allowed characters are checked by a
"/^[...]*$/" expression in the Perl scripts, so ranges with "-", a
list of forbidden characters with a leading "^", or special characters
as "\w", "\d", "\x07", ...  are allowed. To allow a backslash, one has
to escape it by using two backslashes ("\\"). To allow a "-" it must
be in the end of the list to not make it defining a range and for a
"^" must be placed at any other place than the beginning of the string
if it should be explicitly allowed.

"<arg_allowedregexp>" allows also to restrict the structure of the
string, as it defines an arbitrary Perl regular expression (see "man
perlre") which has to be matched by the string. This serves also for
having only strings which are usable by the filter and which do not
destroy the command line structure. With this one can for example
forbid a backslash as the last character to avoid escaping the closing
quote of the option prototype. Regular expressions are applied via a
'/.../' expression in the Perl scripts. To apply the pattern matching
modifiers "i", "m", "s", or "x" (as "/.../i" for case-insensitive
matching) begin the regular expression with "(?<modifiers>)" (as
"(?i)..." for case-insensitive matching).

It is highly recommended to use at least one of "<arg_allowedchars>"
and "<arg_allowedregexp>", as otherwise all characters are allowed in
the user-supplied string and so a malicious user can execute arbitrary
shell or PostScript commands. If both tags are used, both conditions
have to be fulfilled.

Note that for the character lists and regular expressions in the XML
files the following character substitutions have to be done:

   < --> &lt;
   > --> &gt;
   " --> &quot;
   ' --> &apos;
   & --> &amp;

Here is an example for an option to supply the file name for an ICC
profile for the "foo2zjs" driver (this option is neither in the CVS
for the Foomatic database nor tested with this driver):

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<option type="string" id="opt/foo2zjs-ICM">
    <comments>
	<en>
	This option controls which .ICM file to use for color correction.
	ICM files are stored in the directory /usr/share/foo2zjs/icm/.
	</en>
    </comments>
    <arg_longname> <en>ICM Color Profile</en> </arg_longname>
    <arg_shortname> <en>ICM</en> </arg_shortname>
    <arg_execution>
	<arg_group>Adjustment</arg_group>
	<arg_order>300</arg_order>
	<arg_spot>A</arg_spot>
	<arg_required />
	<arg_substitution />
	<arg_proto>-G%s </arg_proto>
    </arg_execution>
    <arg_maxlength>127</arg_maxlength>
    <arg_allowedchars>A-Za-z0-9\._/-</arg_allowedchars>
    <arg_allowedregexp>(?&lt;!\/)$</arg_allowedregexp>
    <constraints>
	<constraint sense="true">
	    <driver>foo2zjs</driver>
	    <arg_defval>ev/foo2zjs-ICM-none</arg_defval>
	</constraint>
	<constraint sense="true">
	    <make>Minolta</make>
	    <model>magicolor 2300 DL</model>
	    <driver>foo2zjs</driver>
	    <arg_defval>ev/foo2zjs-ICM-DL2312</arg_defval>
	</constraint>
	<constraint sense="true">
	    <make>Minolta</make>
	    <model>magicolor 2200 DL</model>
	    <driver>foo2zjs</driver>
	    <arg_defval>ev/foo2zjs-ICM-DL2200RGB</arg_defval>
	</constraint>
    </constraints>
    <enum_vals>
	<enum_val id="ev/foo2zjs-ICM-none">
	    <ev_longname> <en>No ICM color correction</en> </ev_longname>
	    <ev_shortname> <en>None</en> </ev_shortname>
	    <ev_driverval></ev_driverval>
	</enum_val>
	<enum_val id="ev/foo2zjs-ICM-DL2312">
	    <ev_longname> <en>File DL2312.icm</en> </ev_longname>
	    <ev_shortname> <en>DL2312</en> </ev_shortname>
	    <ev_driverval>DL2312.icm</ev_driverval>
	    <constraints>
	        <constraint sense="false">
	    	    <make>HP</make> <model>LaserJet 1000</model>
	        </constraint>
	    </constraints>
	</enum_val>
	<enum_val id="ev/foo2zjs-ICM-DL2324">
	    <ev_longname> <en>File DL2324.icm</en> </ev_longname>
	    <ev_shortname> <en>DL2324</en> </ev_shortname>
	    <ev_driverval>DL2324.icm</ev_driverval>
	    <constraints>
	        <constraint sense="false">
	    	    <make>HP</make> <model>LaserJet 1000</model>
	        </constraint>
	    </constraints>
	</enum_val>

	...

    </enum_vals>
</option>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

This option allows to choose either one of the given file names,
either by using the "<ev_shortname>"s or the "<ev_driverval>"s, or one
can give every arbitrary other file name with a maximum length of 127
characters, only containing letters, digits, periods, underscores,
dashes, and slashes, and not having a slash in the end (no
directories). Note that in Perl the period must be escaped by a
backslash to be taken literally, otherwise it stands for an arbitrary
character. The regular expression for blocking out strings ending with
a slash is "(?<!\/)$" (see "man perlre", search for "(?"). Here the
slash is quoted by a backslash. In the XML file the "<" is replaced by
"&lt;" so that the XML structure does not get broken. foomatic-rip
translates this back before applying the regular expression.

To be able to offer strings as an enumerated choice which are not
allowed as an option name in a PPD file, the "<ev_shortname>" may
differ from the "<ev_driverval>", the string inserted at the "%s"
place holder in the "<arg_proto>" is always the "<ev_driverval>",
independent whether the user supplies the "<ev_driverval>" directly or
the "<ev_shortname>". In this example both

   lpr -o ICM= file.ps

and

   lpr -o ICM=None file.ps

supply an empty string as the value of the ICM option.

For the default value there must be an enumerated choice, if there is
none, the PPD generator will create one. So this entry is allowed
(this option is only an example, it is not in the CVS of the Foomatic
database):

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<option type="password" id="opt/Password">
  <!-- A multilingual <comments> block can appear here, too;
       it should be treated as documentation for the user. -->
  <arg_longname>
   <en>Password (for confidential jobs)</en>
  </arg_longname>
  <arg_shortname>
   <en>Password</en><!-- backends only know <en> shortnames! -->
  </arg_shortname>
  <arg_execution>
   <arg_group>General</arg_group>
   <arg_order>100</arg_order>
   <arg_spot>B</arg_spot>
   <arg_substitution />
   <arg_proto> --pass=%s</arg_proto>
  </arg_execution>
  <arg_maxlength>30</arg_maxlength>
  <arg_allowedchars>A-Za-z0-9\.,_\+\=\:-/</arg_allowedchars>
  <constraints>
     <constraint sense='true'>
      <driver>mydriver</driver>
      <arg_defval></arg_defval>
     </constraint>
  </constraints>
</option>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

The default value is an empty string here. So the PPD generator will
add a choice for the empty string.

Normally, automatically added choices get the same "<ev_shortname>" as
the string itself, but if the string is not allowed as an option name
in a PPD file, the "<ev_shortname>" will be modified. For an empty
string (as in the example above) "None" will be used and all
characters except numbers, letters, and underscores ("_") will be
replaced by underscores.

The option types "string" and "password" are treated exactly the same
way by the PPD generator and by foomatic-rip, the different names
are only for frontends to know whether the input field should display
the typed characters or asterisks on the screen.


CUPS Custom Options
-------------------

CUPS defines several extensions to the PPD specifications to support
the functionality of modern printers:

http://www.cups.org/documentation.php/doc-1.4/spec-ppd.html

There are extensions for so-called "Custom Options" where instead of
given enumerated choices freely choosable custom values can be
supplied. As Foomatic's numerical, string, and password options can be
implemented as CUPS custom options in the PPDs as well, the PPD
generator does both implementations in the PPDs. There are the
"*Foomatic..." keywords generated, as before, but also the CUPS PPD
extension, consisting of the keywords "*Custom<option>" and
"*ParamCustom<option>" keywords. This way GUIs which are aware of
CUPS' custom options give full access to Foomatic's numerical, string,
and password options.

foomatic-rip understands also PPD files now which describe custom
options only by the CUPS extension and not with "*Foomatic..."
keywords.

Allowed characters and regular expressions for string and password
options cannot be described by CUPS PPD extensions. So CUPS-aware GUIs
will allow input of strings which do not match these restrictions, but
foomatic-rip will let the option fall back to the default value in
such a case. This way the security is assured.


Option Grouping
---------------

All options should be put in groups (with the tags
"<arg_group>...</arg_group>" in the "<arg_execution>" section of the
option XML files, see above). This way many GUIs sort the options into
tabs or tree branches according to the groups. This way one gets only
the most important options on the first tab and not so often needed
ones on additional tabs. This also overrides the automatic option
grouping of CUPS (Groups "General" and "Extra").

It is recommended to have the options in groups as follows (plus
perhaps special groups, but not one group for every option):

General

  Here go options which are most used on a job-by-job basis, as the
  options for paper type, size, and tray, ink type, duplex, ... and
  all options affecting the printout quality, as resolution,
  dithering, ... and especially "PrintoutMode". If a "PrintoutMode"
  option is present, all quality-related options covered by the
  "PrintoutMode" option go into the automatically created
  "PrintoutMode" group (see above). And this is intended, these
  options are now usually controlled by "PrintoutMode" and so they are
  not the most important options for the first tab any more.

  Do not put color/brightness/gamma, ... options here, they go to
  "Adjustment".

  Options typically to go here are:

    o PageSize
    o InputSlot
    o MediaType
    o InkType
    o Duplex
    o PrintoutMode
    o Resolution
    o REt
    o Dither
    o FastRes
    o Economode
    o ...

  All options mentioned after "PrintoutMode" will usually be used as
  member options for "PrintoutMode", they are only in this group when
  there is no "PrintoutMode" option.

PrintoutMode

  This group only exists if there is a "PrintoutMode" option, because
  it is generated by this option. It contains the member options of
  "PrintoutMode". Typical candidates are

    o Resolution
    o REt
    o Dither
    o FastRes
    o Economode
    o ...

  They do not need an "<arg_group>PrintoutMode</arg_group>" line, they
  are put into this group automatically. You should better put an
  "<arg_group>General</arg_group>" line into these options, so that
  they go into the "General" group when there is a printer/driver
  combo for which no "PrintoutMode" option applies.

Adjustment

  Options for correcting the appearance of colors, contrast, ..., for
  head alignment, ... etc. Here most numerical options will go, but
  also things like "Density", also if it is an enumerated choice
  option. Typical candidates are:

    o Gamma
    o Brightness
    o Contrast
    o Density
    o Saturation
    o Cyan
    o Magenta
    o Yellow
    o ...

Finishing

  If a printer has a stapler, folder, cutter, envelope packer, or
  similar devices to do additional processing on the ready printout,
  the options to control this stuff go into this group. Examples:

    o Stapling
    o Binding
    o Cutting
    o Booklet
    o ...

Miscellaneous

  Options which do not fit into the mentioned groups and for which it
  is not worth to make a special group.


Unprintable margins
-------------------

On most printers you cannot print arbitrarily close to the borders of
the paper. You usually will have margins of certain width on which you
cannot print. For filters and application programs to know about these
margins PPD files have "*ImageableArea" lines which define the
positions of the lower, the upper, the left, and the right borders of
the area on which the printer can print. There is one line for each
paper size listed in the "*PageSize" option.

To conveniently generate these lines one can use the following XML
structure in the Foomatic database entries:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<margins>
     <general>
       <!-- The margins here are valid for every paper size for -->
       <!-- which there is no "exception" section -->
       <!-- ---------- -->
       <!-- possible units: -->
       <!-- pt, in, mm, cm,
       <!-- dotsNNNdpi (NNN: resolution in which dots are counted) -->
       <!-- if "unit" not present, default unit is pt -->
       <!-- ---------- -->
       <!-- if a margin is not present, default width is used -->
       <!-- ---------- -->
       <!-- a missing "general" section assumes the default borders as the -->
       <!-- general borders and "pt" as the default unit for -->
       <!-- "exceptions". -->
       <!-- ---------- -->
       <!-- Default margin widths: 1/4 inch left/right, 1/2 inch top/bottom -->
       <unit>pt</unit>
       <top>9</top>
       <bottom>36</bottom>
       <left>18</left>
       <right>18</right>
     </general>
     <exception PageSize="Photo4x6TearoffTab">
       <!-- if one or more of "unit", "top", "bottom", "left", -->
       <!-- "right" is missing, the appropriate item of the "general" -->
       <!-- section is used -->
       <top>0</top>
       <left>0</left>
       <right>0</right>
     </exception>
     <exception PageSize="A4">
       <!-- It is also possible to give absolute values in PostScript -->
       <!-- coordinates where the origin is the lower left corner. To -->
       <!-- do so, the <absolute /> tag has to be added, otherwise -->
       <!-- the values are the widths of the unprintable margins -->
       <absolute />
       <left>10</left>
       <right>585</right>
     </exception>
     <exception PageSize="...">
       ...
     </exception>
     ...
<margins>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

This structure is allowed in printer entries in the "<mechanism>" 
section and in driver entries in the "<execution>" section or inside a 
"<printer>" entry of the driver's printer list. In the "<execution>" 
section of a driver entry the margins are valid for all printers used 
with this driver, in a "<printer>" entry they apply only to the given 
printer/driver combo.

The shown example could be for the HP PhotoSmart 7150/7350, which does 
full-bleed only on HP's special photo paper with an 0.5 inch wide 
tear-off tab on the lower border (and some other paper sizes used in the 
photo tray). On all other paper sizes the printer leaves white borders 
of half an inch at the top and at the bottom and a quarter of an inch on 
the left and right hand side (1 inch are 72 pt). In addition, the page 
size "A4" allows to print up to 10 points to the left and the right borders.

At first we give the general borders ("<general>" section) where we 
choose the unit "pt" (PostScript points) for the numbers. These borders 
are valid for all paper sizes which are not explicitly mentioned with an 
"<exception ...>" section. For our printers one of the exceptions is the 
4x6 photo paper with the tear-off tab (including the tab the paper is 
4x6.5 inches large). here the printer prints up to the left, right, and 
top borders. Therefore we have margins of zero here. At the lower border 
the printer still leaves half an inch white (therefore probably HP 
introduced the tear-off tab), so we keep the 36 pt of the "<general>" 
section by not mentioning a new lower border. For A4 we redefine the 
left and the right border. This is also possible in absolute PostScript 
coordinates measured from the lower left corner, as we do here. We 
indicate this with the "<absolute />" tag. The left border is at 10 pt 
from the left, and as A4 paper is 595 pt wide, the right border is at 
585 points from the left.

One hint for the choice of the units: Float numbers as border widths are 
allowed, but it is recommended for having exact info to choose a unit 
which gives integer numbers for the widths (which is always possible 
with the "dotsNNNdpi" unit with NNN being the maximum resolution of the 
printer).

A "<margins>" section in a printer entry should represent the printer's 
hardware capabilities. Such a section in a driver entry should represent 
how the driver's limitations are. If there are margins defined in both 
the printer and the driver entry of the desired printer/driver combo, 
the more restrictive (wider) borders count. If there are no border 
definitions in both the printer and the driver entry, the borders are 
assumed to be of the default widths.


Adding arbitrary extra entries to the PPD file
----------------------------------------------

The "<ppdentry>" tags allow to add extra lines to the PPD file. The 
tags can be put into the top level ("<printer>") of a printer XML entry, 
into the "<execution>" section of a driver XML entry, or into the 
"<printer>" entries of the printer list in a driver XML file. They serve 
mainly to put a default resolution into PPD files for drivers without 
"Resolution" option. Examples:

"hpijs"  driver, default resolution for HP DeskJet 350. For this driver 
the default resolution depends on the printer class. Therefore the 
appropriate "<ppdentry>"s have to be in the printer entries of the 
printer list:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<driver id="driver/hpijs">
  <name>hpijs</name>
  ...
  <printers>
   <printer>
    <id>printer/HP-DeskJet_350C</id><!-- HP DeskJet 350C -->
    <ppdentry>
      *DefaultResolution: 600dpi
    </ppdentry>
    <margins>
     <general>
      <unit>in</unit>
      <relative />
      <left>0.25</left>
      <right>0.25</right>
      <top>0.125</top>
      <bottom>0.67</bottom>
     </general>
     <exception PageSize="A4">
      <left>0.135</left>
      <right>0.135</right>
     </exception>
    </margins>
   </printer>
   ...
  </printers>
</driver>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

"pnm2ppa" driver: This driver has no "Resolution" option, and all 
printers print in 600 dpi with it. So we put the "<ppdentry>" into the 
"<execution>" section:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<driver id="driver/pnm2ppa">
  <name>pnm2ppa</name>
  <url>http://sourceforge.net/projects/pnm2ppa/</url>
  <execution>
   <filter />
   <prototype>gs -q -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER -dBATCH -r600%A%Z 
-sOutputFile=- - | pnm2ppa%C%B -i - -o -</prototype>
   <ppdentry>
    *DefaultResolution: 600dpi
   </ppdentry>
  </execution>
  ...
</driver>
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Note that leading spaces are removed from the lines between the
"<ppdentry>" tags before they get inserted into the PPD file.

The lines are added at the end of the PPD file header, right after the
lines for the basic hardware capabilities of the printer.


Example for a Foomatic-generated PPD file
-----------------------------------------

Below is an example PPD file, the PPD file for the HP Color LaserJet 4550
used with the "pxlcolor" driver. It was generated with the command line

   ./foomatic-ppdfile -p HP-Color_LaserJet_4550 -d pxlcolor

The structure is completely Adobe-compliant and no relevant
information is in comments. Besides the usual keywords which one finds
in PPDs there are some special ones beginning with
"*Foomatic...". These keywords are read by foomatic-rip and contain
all information to build the renderer's command line. See explanations
for these keywords below the example file.

If a printer has auto-detection information in the Foomatic database,
the manufacturer and model names from there are inserted in the
"*Manufacturer:" and "*Product:" fields and the IEEE-1284 ID string is
put into the "*1284DeviceID:" field.

Independent whether there is auto-detection information, there is an
additional "DRV:" field in the "*1284DeviceID:" which contains driver
properties. These properties are put here, so that they appear in
CUPS' PPD/driver overview listings ("lpinfo -l -m"). This way a
printer setup tool can show the driver properties in a driver overview
without needing to generate and read the PPD files. The following
properties are available (comma-separated):

   D: Driver name
   R: Driver Recommended for this printer (0, 1)?
   M: Driver supplied by the Manufacturer (0, 1)?
   O: Driver marked Obsolete in the OpenPrinting database (0, 1)?
   F: Driver is Free software (0, 1)?
   P: Driver has Patent issues (0, 1)?
   S: Support contacts (c: commercial, v: voluntary, u: unknown, more than 
      one possible)
   T: Driver Type: G: Ghostscript built-in, C: CUPS-Raster, I: IJS,
      O: OpenPrinting Vector, F: Filter, U: Ghostscript Uniprint,
      P: PostScript
   X: Maximum X resolution of the driver in dpi
   Y: Maximum Y resolution of the driver in dpi
   C: Does the driver support Color printing (0, 1)?
   t: Rating for Text document printing with this driver (0 ... 100)
   l: Rating for Line art document printing with this driver (0 ... 100)
   g: Rating for Graphics document printing with this driver (0 ... 100)
   p: Rating for Photo document printing with this driver (0 ... 100)
   d: Rating for system loaD caused when printing with this driver (0 ... 100)
   s: Rating for processing Speed of this driver (0 ... 100)

The "DRV:" field in a device ID looks like this:

*1284DeviceID: "MFG:Hewlett-Packard;MDL:HP LaserJet 4050 Series;CMD:PJL,MLC,PCL,
PCLXL,POSTSCRIPT;DES:Hewlett-Packard LaserJet 4050 Series;DRV:Dljet4,R0,M0,F1,Sv,TG,X600,Y600,C0,t90,l90,g60,p30,s90;"

If there is no device ID for a printer, the "*1284DeviceID" will
contain only the "DRV:" field.

The PPDs contain the driver properties also in clear text, like this:

*driverName ljet4/ljet4 - Built-in Ghostscript driver for PCL 5e laser printers: ""
*driverType G/Ghostscript built-in: ""
*driverUrl: "http://www.ghostscript.com/"
*driverObsolete: False
*driverRecommendedReplacement: hpijs      (only if driver is obsolete)
*driverSupplier: "GPL Ghostscript"
*driverManufacturerSupplied: False
*driverLicense: "GPL"
*driverFreeSoftware: True
*driverSupportContactVoluntary: "http://forums.openprinting.org/ OpenPrinting forums"
*driverSupportContactCommercial: "http://... ..."
*driverSupportContactUnknown: "http://... ..."
*driverMaxResolution: 600 600
*driverColor: False
*driverTextSupport: 90
*driverLineartSupport: 90
*driverGraphicsSupport: 60
*driverPhotoSupport: 30
*driverSystemmLoad: 90
*driverRenderingSpeed: 90

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
*PPD-Adobe: "4.3"
*%
*% For information on using this, and to obtain the required backend
*% script, consult http://www.openprinting.org/
*%
*% This file is published under the GNU General Public License
*%
*% PPD-O-MATIC (4.0.0 or newer) generated this PPD file. It is for use with 
*% all programs and environments which use PPD files for dealing with
*% printer capability information. The printer must be configured with the
*% "foomatic-rip" backend filter script of Foomatic 4.0.0 or newer. This 
*% file and "foomatic-rip" work together to support PPD-controlled printer
*% driver option access with all supported printer drivers and printing
*% spoolers.
*%
*% To save this file on your disk, wait until the download has completed
*% (the animation of the browser logo must stop) and then use the
*% "Save as..." command in the "File" menu of your browser or in the 
*% pop-up manu when you click on this document with the right mouse button.
*% DO NOT cut and paste this file into an editor with your mouse. This can
*% introduce additional line breaks which lead to unexpected results.
*%
*% You may save this file as 'HP-Color_LaserJet_4550-pxlcolor.ppd'
*%
*%
*FormatVersion:	"4.3"
*FileVersion:	"1.1"
*LanguageVersion: English 
*LanguageEncoding: ISOLatin1
*PCFileName:	"PXLCOLOR.PPD"
*Manufacturer:	"HP"
*Product:	"(HP Color LaserJet 4550)"
*cupsVersion:	1.0
*cupsManualCopies: True
*cupsModelNumber:  2
*cupsFilter:	"application/vnd.cups-postscript 100 foomatic-rip"
*cupsFilter:	"application/vnd.cups-pdf 0 foomatic-rip"
*%pprRIP:        foomatic-rip other
*ModelName:     "HP Color LaserJet 4550"
*ShortNickName: "HP Color LaserJet 4550 pxlcolor"
*NickName:      "HP Color LaserJet 4550 Foomatic/pxlcolor"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 550"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 651"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 652"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 653"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 704"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 705"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 800"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 815"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 850"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 860"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 861"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 862"
*PSVersion:	"(3010.000) 863"
*LanguageLevel:	"3"
*ColorDevice:	True
*DefaultColorSpace: RGB
*FileSystem:	False
*Throughput:	"1"
*LandscapeOrientation: Plus90
*TTRasterizer:	Type42
*1284DeviceID: "MFG:Hewlett-Packard;MDL:HP Color LaserJet 4550;CMD:PJL,MLC,PCL,POSTSCRIPT,PCLXL,PJL;DES:Hewlett-Packard Color LaserJet 4550;DRV:Dpxlcolor,R0,M0,TG;"

*driverName pxlcolor/pxlcolor: ""
*driverType G/Ghostscript built-in: ""
*driverUrl: "http://www.ghostscript.com/"
*driverObsolete: False

*DefaultResolution: 1200dpi



*VariablePaperSize: False

*FoomaticIDs: HP-Color_LaserJet_4550 pxlcolor
*FoomaticRIPCommandLine: "gs -q -dBATCH -dPARANOIDSAFER -dNOPAUSE%B%A%&&
Z -sOutputFile=- - | perl -p -e &apos;if (! $did) { s/\xc0.\xf8\x26/\x&&
c0%E\xf8\x26/ &amp;&amp; $did++; }&apos;"
*End

*OpenGroup: General/General

*OpenUI *PrintoutMode/Printout Mode: PickOne
*FoomaticRIPOption PrintoutMode: enum Composite A
*OrderDependency: 10 AnySetup *PrintoutMode
*DefaultPrintoutMode: Normal
*PrintoutMode Draft/Draft: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrintoutMode=Draft"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=Draft: "PrinterResolution=300x3&&
00dpi ColorModel=Color Economode=On FastRes=Off"
*End
*PrintoutMode Draft.Gray/Draft Grayscale: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrintoutMode=Draft.Gray"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=Draft.Gray: "PrinterResolution=&&
300x300dpi ColorModel=Grayscale Economode=On FastRes=Off"
*End
*PrintoutMode Normal/Normal: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrintoutMode=Normal"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=Normal: "PrinterResolution=600x&&
600dpi ColorModel=Color Economode=Off FastRes=On"
*End
*PrintoutMode Normal.Gray/Normal Grayscale: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrintoutMode=Normal.Gray"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=Normal.Gray: "PrinterResolution&&
=600x600dpi ColorModel=Grayscale Economode=Off FastRes=On"
*End
*PrintoutMode High/High Quality: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrintoutMode=High"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=High: "PrinterResolution=1200x1&&
200dpi ColorModel=Color Economode=Off FastRes=Off"
*End
*PrintoutMode High.Gray/High Quality Grayscale: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrintoutMode=High.Gray"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=High.Gray: "PrinterResolution=1&&
200x1200dpi ColorModel=Grayscale Economode=Off FastRes=Off"
*End
*CloseUI: *PrintoutMode

*OpenUI *PageSize/Page Size: PickOne
*FoomaticRIPOption PageSize: enum CmdLine A
*OrderDependency: 100 AnySetup *PageSize
*DefaultPageSize: Letter
*PageSize Letter/US Letter: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=Letter"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=Letter: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=612 -&&
dDEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=792"
*End
*PageSize A4/A4: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=A4"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=A4: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=595 -dDEV&&
ICEHEIGHTPOINTS=842"
*End
*PageSize 11x17/11x17: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=11x17"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=11x17: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=792 -d&&
DEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=1224"
*End
*PageSize A3/A3: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=A3"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=A3: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=842 -dDEV&&
ICEHEIGHTPOINTS=1191"
*End
*PageSize A5/A5: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=A5"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=A5: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=421 -dDEV&&
ICEHEIGHTPOINTS=595"
*End
*PageSize B5/B5 (JIS): "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=B5"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=B5: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=516 -dDEV&&
ICEHEIGHTPOINTS=729"
*End
*PageSize Env10/Envelope #10: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=Env10"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=Env10: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=297 -d&&
DEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=684"
*End
*PageSize EnvC5/Envelope C5: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=EnvC5"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=EnvC5: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=459 -d&&
DEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=649"
*End
*PageSize EnvDL/Envelope DL: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=EnvDL"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=EnvDL: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=312 -d&&
DEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=624"
*End
*PageSize EnvISOB5/Envelope B5: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=EnvISOB5"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=EnvISOB5: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=499&&
 -dDEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=709"
*End
*PageSize EnvMonarch/Envelope Monarch: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=EnvMonarch"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=EnvMonarch: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=2&&
79 -dDEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=540"
*End
*PageSize Executive/Executive: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=Executive"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=Executive: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=52&&
2 -dDEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=756"
*End
*PageSize Legal/US Legal: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=Legal"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PageSize=Legal: " -dDEVICEWIDTHPOINTS=612 -d&&
DEVICEHEIGHTPOINTS=1008"
*End
*CloseUI: *PageSize

*OpenUI *PageRegion: PickOne
*OrderDependency: 100 AnySetup *PageRegion
*DefaultPageRegion: Letter
*PageRegion Letter/US Letter: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=Letter"
*PageRegion A4/A4: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=A4"
*PageRegion 11x17/11x17: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=11x17"
*PageRegion A3/A3: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=A3"
*PageRegion A5/A5: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=A5"
*PageRegion B5/B5 (JIS): "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=B5"
*PageRegion Env10/Envelope #10: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=Env10"
*PageRegion EnvC5/Envelope C5: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=EnvC5"
*PageRegion EnvDL/Envelope DL: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=EnvDL"
*PageRegion EnvISOB5/Envelope B5: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=EnvISOB5"
*PageRegion EnvMonarch/Envelope Monarch: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=EnvMonarch"
*PageRegion Executive/Executive: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=Executive"
*PageRegion Legal/US Legal: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PageSize=Legal"
*CloseUI: *PageRegion

*DefaultImageableArea: Letter
*ImageableArea Letter/US Letter: "18 36 594 756"
*ImageableArea A4/A4: "18 36 577 806"
*ImageableArea 11x17/11x17: "18 36 774 1188"
*ImageableArea A3/A3: "18 36 824 1155"
*ImageableArea A5/A5: "18 36 403 559"
*ImageableArea B5/B5 (JIS): "18 36 498 693"
*ImageableArea Env10/Envelope #10: "18 36 279 648"
*ImageableArea EnvC5/Envelope C5: "18 36 441 613"
*ImageableArea EnvDL/Envelope DL: "18 36 294 588"
*ImageableArea EnvISOB5/Envelope B5: "18 36 481 673"
*ImageableArea EnvMonarch/Envelope Monarch: "18 36 261 504"
*ImageableArea Executive/Executive: "18 36 504 720"
*ImageableArea Legal/US Legal: "18 36 594 972"

*DefaultPaperDimension: Letter
*PaperDimension Letter/US Letter: "612 792"
*PaperDimension A4/A4: "595 842"
*PaperDimension 11x17/11x17: "792 1224"
*PaperDimension A3/A3: "842 1191"
*PaperDimension A5/A5: "421 595"
*PaperDimension B5/B5 (JIS): "516 729"
*PaperDimension Env10/Envelope #10: "297 684"
*PaperDimension EnvC5/Envelope C5: "459 649"
*PaperDimension EnvDL/Envelope DL: "312 624"
*PaperDimension EnvISOB5/Envelope B5: "499 709"
*PaperDimension EnvMonarch/Envelope Monarch: "279 540"
*PaperDimension Executive/Executive: "522 756"
*PaperDimension Legal/US Legal: "612 1008"

*OpenUI *InputSlot/Media Source: PickOne
*FoomaticRIPOption InputSlot: enum CmdLine E
*OrderDependency: 100 AnySetup *InputSlot
*DefaultInputSlot: Default
*InputSlot Default/Printer default: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Default"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Default: "\x01"
*InputSlot Tray1/Tray 1: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Tray1"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Tray1: "\x03"
*InputSlot Tray2/Tray 2: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Tray2"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Tray2: "\x04"
*InputSlot Tray3/Tray 3: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Tray3"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Tray3: "\x05"
*InputSlot Tray4/Tray 4: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Tray4"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Tray4: "\x06"
*InputSlot Tray5/Tray 5: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Tray5"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Tray5: "\x07"
*InputSlot Tray6/Tray 6: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Tray6"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Tray6: "\x08"
*InputSlot Tray7/Tray 7: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Tray7"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Tray7: "\x09"
*InputSlot Manual/Manual Feeder: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: InputSlot=Manual"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting InputSlot=Manual: "\x02"
*CloseUI: *InputSlot

*JCLOpenUI *Manualfeed/Manual Feed of Paper: PickOne
*OrderDependency: 100 JCLSetup *Manualfeed
*DefaultManualfeed: Off
*Manualfeed Off/Off: "@PJL SET MANUALFEED=OFF<0A>"
*Manualfeed On/On: "@PJL SET MANUALFEED=ON<0A>"
*JCLCloseUI: *Manualfeed

*OpenUI *Duplex/Double-Sided printing: PickOne
*FoomaticRIPOption Duplex: enum CmdLine A
*OrderDependency: 100 AnySetup *Duplex
*DefaultDuplex: None
*Duplex DuplexNoTumble/On (Flip on Long Edge): "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: Duplex=DuplexNoTumble"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting Duplex=DuplexNoTumble: " -dDuplex"
*Duplex DuplexTumble/On (Flip on Short Edge): "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: Duplex=DuplexTumble"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting Duplex=DuplexTumble: " -dDuplex -dTumble"
*Duplex None/Off: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: Duplex=None"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting Duplex=None: ""
*CloseUI: *Duplex

*JCLOpenUI *Copies/Number of Copies: PickOne
*FoomaticRIPOption Copies: int JCL A
*FoomaticRIPOptionPrototype Copies: "SET COPIES=%s"
*FoomaticRIPOptionRange Copies: 1 100
*OrderDependency: 100 JCLSetup *Copies
*DefaultCopies: 1
*FoomaticRIPDefaultCopies: 1
*Copies 1/1: "@PJL SET COPIES=1<0A>"
*Copies 2/2: "@PJL SET COPIES=2<0A>"
*Copies 3/3: "@PJL SET COPIES=3<0A>"
*Copies 4/4: "@PJL SET COPIES=4<0A>"
*Copies 5/5: "@PJL SET COPIES=5<0A>"
*Copies 6/6: "@PJL SET COPIES=6<0A>"
*Copies 7/7: "@PJL SET COPIES=7<0A>"
*Copies 8/8: "@PJL SET COPIES=8<0A>"
*Copies 9/9: "@PJL SET COPIES=9<0A>"
*Copies 10/10: "@PJL SET COPIES=10<0A>"
*Copies 11/11: "@PJL SET COPIES=11<0A>"
*Copies 12/12: "@PJL SET COPIES=12<0A>"
*Copies 13/13: "@PJL SET COPIES=13<0A>"
*Copies 14/14: "@PJL SET COPIES=14<0A>"
*Copies 15/15: "@PJL SET COPIES=15<0A>"
*Copies 16/16: "@PJL SET COPIES=16<0A>"
*Copies 17/17: "@PJL SET COPIES=17<0A>"
*Copies 18/18: "@PJL SET COPIES=18<0A>"
*Copies 19/19: "@PJL SET COPIES=19<0A>"
*Copies 20/20: "@PJL SET COPIES=20<0A>"
*Copies 21/21: "@PJL SET COPIES=21<0A>"
*Copies 22/22: "@PJL SET COPIES=22<0A>"
*Copies 23/23: "@PJL SET COPIES=23<0A>"
*Copies 24/24: "@PJL SET COPIES=24<0A>"
*Copies 25/25: "@PJL SET COPIES=25<0A>"
*Copies 26/26: "@PJL SET COPIES=26<0A>"
*Copies 27/27: "@PJL SET COPIES=27<0A>"
*Copies 28/28: "@PJL SET COPIES=28<0A>"
*Copies 29/29: "@PJL SET COPIES=29<0A>"
*Copies 30/30: "@PJL SET COPIES=30<0A>"
*Copies 31/31: "@PJL SET COPIES=31<0A>"
*Copies 32/32: "@PJL SET COPIES=32<0A>"
*Copies 33/33: "@PJL SET COPIES=33<0A>"
*Copies 34/34: "@PJL SET COPIES=34<0A>"
*Copies 35/35: "@PJL SET COPIES=35<0A>"
*Copies 36/36: "@PJL SET COPIES=36<0A>"
*Copies 37/37: "@PJL SET COPIES=37<0A>"
*Copies 38/38: "@PJL SET COPIES=38<0A>"
*Copies 39/39: "@PJL SET COPIES=39<0A>"
*Copies 40/40: "@PJL SET COPIES=40<0A>"
*Copies 41/41: "@PJL SET COPIES=41<0A>"
*Copies 42/42: "@PJL SET COPIES=42<0A>"
*Copies 43/43: "@PJL SET COPIES=43<0A>"
*Copies 44/44: "@PJL SET COPIES=44<0A>"
*Copies 45/45: "@PJL SET COPIES=45<0A>"
*Copies 46/46: "@PJL SET COPIES=46<0A>"
*Copies 47/47: "@PJL SET COPIES=47<0A>"
*Copies 48/48: "@PJL SET COPIES=48<0A>"
*Copies 49/49: "@PJL SET COPIES=49<0A>"
*Copies 50/50: "@PJL SET COPIES=50<0A>"
*Copies 51/51: "@PJL SET COPIES=51<0A>"
*Copies 52/52: "@PJL SET COPIES=52<0A>"
*Copies 53/53: "@PJL SET COPIES=53<0A>"
*Copies 54/54: "@PJL SET COPIES=54<0A>"
*Copies 55/55: "@PJL SET COPIES=55<0A>"
*Copies 56/56: "@PJL SET COPIES=56<0A>"
*Copies 57/57: "@PJL SET COPIES=57<0A>"
*Copies 58/58: "@PJL SET COPIES=58<0A>"
*Copies 59/59: "@PJL SET COPIES=59<0A>"
*Copies 60/60: "@PJL SET COPIES=60<0A>"
*Copies 61/61: "@PJL SET COPIES=61<0A>"
*Copies 62/62: "@PJL SET COPIES=62<0A>"
*Copies 63/63: "@PJL SET COPIES=63<0A>"
*Copies 64/64: "@PJL SET COPIES=64<0A>"
*Copies 65/65: "@PJL SET COPIES=65<0A>"
*Copies 66/66: "@PJL SET COPIES=66<0A>"
*Copies 67/67: "@PJL SET COPIES=67<0A>"
*Copies 68/68: "@PJL SET COPIES=68<0A>"
*Copies 69/69: "@PJL SET COPIES=69<0A>"
*Copies 70/70: "@PJL SET COPIES=70<0A>"
*Copies 71/71: "@PJL SET COPIES=71<0A>"
*Copies 72/72: "@PJL SET COPIES=72<0A>"
*Copies 73/73: "@PJL SET COPIES=73<0A>"
*Copies 74/74: "@PJL SET COPIES=74<0A>"
*Copies 75/75: "@PJL SET COPIES=75<0A>"
*Copies 76/76: "@PJL SET COPIES=76<0A>"
*Copies 77/77: "@PJL SET COPIES=77<0A>"
*Copies 78/78: "@PJL SET COPIES=78<0A>"
*Copies 79/79: "@PJL SET COPIES=79<0A>"
*Copies 80/80: "@PJL SET COPIES=80<0A>"
*Copies 81/81: "@PJL SET COPIES=81<0A>"
*Copies 82/82: "@PJL SET COPIES=82<0A>"
*Copies 83/83: "@PJL SET COPIES=83<0A>"
*Copies 84/84: "@PJL SET COPIES=84<0A>"
*Copies 85/85: "@PJL SET COPIES=85<0A>"
*Copies 86/86: "@PJL SET COPIES=86<0A>"
*Copies 87/87: "@PJL SET COPIES=87<0A>"
*Copies 88/88: "@PJL SET COPIES=88<0A>"
*Copies 89/89: "@PJL SET COPIES=89<0A>"
*Copies 90/90: "@PJL SET COPIES=90<0A>"
*Copies 91/91: "@PJL SET COPIES=91<0A>"
*Copies 92/92: "@PJL SET COPIES=92<0A>"
*Copies 93/93: "@PJL SET COPIES=93<0A>"
*Copies 94/94: "@PJL SET COPIES=94<0A>"
*Copies 95/95: "@PJL SET COPIES=95<0A>"
*Copies 96/96: "@PJL SET COPIES=96<0A>"
*Copies 97/97: "@PJL SET COPIES=97<0A>"
*Copies 98/98: "@PJL SET COPIES=98<0A>"
*Copies 99/99: "@PJL SET COPIES=99<0A>"
*Copies 100/100: "@PJL SET COPIES=100<0A>"
*JCLCloseUI: *Copies

*CustomJCLCopies True: "@PJL SET COPIES=\1<0A>"
*ParamCustomJCLCopies Copies/Number of Copies: 1 int 1 100


*CloseGroup: General

*OpenGroup: Adjustment/Adjustment

*JCLOpenUI *REt/REt Setting: PickOne
*OrderDependency: 100 JCLSetup *REt
*DefaultREt: Medium
*REt Dark/Dark: "@PJL SET RET=DARK<0A>"
*REt Light/Light: "@PJL SET RET=LIGHT<0A>"
*REt Medium/Medium: "@PJL SET RET=MEDIUM<0A>"
*REt Off/Off: "@PJL SET RET=OFF<0A>"
*JCLCloseUI: *REt

*JCLOpenUI *TonerDensity/Toner Density: PickOne
*OrderDependency: 100 JCLSetup *TonerDensity
*DefaultTonerDensity: 3
*TonerDensity 1/1: "@PJL SET DENSITY=1<0A>"
*TonerDensity 2/2: "@PJL SET DENSITY=2<0A>"
*TonerDensity 3/3: "@PJL SET DENSITY=3<0A>"
*TonerDensity 4/4: "@PJL SET DENSITY=4<0A>"
*TonerDensity 5/5: "@PJL SET DENSITY=5<0A>"
*JCLCloseUI: *TonerDensity

*FoomaticRIPOption GSResolution: enum CmdLine A 100
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting GSResolution=FromPrinterResolution: ""
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting GSResolution=300x300dpi: " -r300x300"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting GSResolution=600x600dpi: " -r600x600"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting GSResolution=1200x600dpi: " -r1200x600"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting GSResolution=1200x1200dpi: " -r1200x1200"

*FoomaticRIPOption JCLResolution: enum JCL A 100
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting JCLResolution=FromPrinterResolution: ""
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting JCLResolution=300x300dpi: "SET RESOLUTION=30&&
0"
*End
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting JCLResolution=600x600dpi: "SET RESOLUTION=60&&
0"
*End
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting JCLResolution=1200x600dpi: "SET RESOLUTION=1&&
200x600"
*End
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting JCLResolution=1200x1200dpi: "SET RESOLUTION=&&
1200"
*End

*CloseGroup: Adjustment

*OpenGroup: PrintoutMode/Printout Mode

*OpenUI *FastRes/Fast Res.: PickOne
*OrderDependency: 100 AnySetup *FastRes
*DefaultFastRes: FromPrintoutMode
*FastRes FromPrintoutMode/Controlled by 'Printout Mode': "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: FastRes=@PrintoutMode"
*FastRes Off/Off: "@PJL SET BITSPERPIXEL=1<0A>"
*FastRes On/On: "@PJL SET BITSPERPIXEL=2<0A>"
*CloseUI: *FastRes

*OpenUI *Economode/Toner Saving: PickOne
*OrderDependency: 100 AnySetup *Economode
*DefaultEconomode: FromPrintoutMode
*Economode FromPrintoutMode/Controlled by 'Printout Mode': "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: Economode=@PrintoutMode"
*Economode Off/Off: "@PJL SET ECONOMODE=OFF<0A>"
*Economode On/On: "@PJL SET ECONOMODE=ON<0A>"
*CloseUI: *Economode

*OpenUI *ColorModel/Color Mode: PickOne
*FoomaticRIPOption ColorModel: enum CmdLine B
*OrderDependency: 100 AnySetup *ColorModel
*DefaultColorModel: FromPrintoutMode
*ColorModel FromPrintoutMode/Controlled by 'Printout Mode': "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: ColorModel=@PrintoutMode"
*ColorModel Color/Color: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: ColorModel=Color"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting ColorModel=Color: " -sDEVICE=pxlcolor"
*ColorModel Grayscale/Grayscale: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: ColorModel=Grayscale"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting ColorModel=Grayscale: " -sDEVICE=pxlmono"
*CloseUI: *ColorModel

*OpenUI *PrinterResolution/Resolution: PickOne
*FoomaticRIPOption PrinterResolution: enum Composite A
*OrderDependency: 99 AnySetup *PrinterResolution
*DefaultPrinterResolution: FromPrintoutMode
*PrinterResolution FromPrintoutMode/Controlled by 'Printout Mode': "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrinterResolution=FromPrintoutMode"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrinterResolution=FromPrintoutMode: ""
*PrinterResolution 300x300dpi/300 DPI: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrinterResolution=300x300dpi"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrinterResolution=300x300dpi: "JCLResolution&&
=300x300dpi GSResolution=300x300dpi"
*End
*PrinterResolution 600x600dpi/600 DPI: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrinterResolution=600x600dpi"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrinterResolution=600x600dpi: "JCLResolution&&
=600x600dpi GSResolution=600x600dpi"
*End
*CloseUI: *PrinterResolution

*CloseGroup: PrintoutMode


*% Generic boilerplate PPD stuff as standard PostScript fonts and so on

*DefaultFont: Courier
*Font AvantGarde-Book: Standard "(001.006S)" Standard ROM
*Font AvantGarde-BookOblique: Standard "(001.006S)" Standard ROM
*Font AvantGarde-Demi: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font AvantGarde-DemiOblique: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font Bookman-Demi: Standard "(001.004S)" Standard ROM
*Font Bookman-DemiItalic: Standard "(001.004S)" Standard ROM
*Font Bookman-Light: Standard "(001.004S)" Standard ROM
*Font Bookman-LightItalic: Standard "(001.004S)" Standard ROM
*Font Courier: Standard "(002.004S)" Standard ROM
*Font Courier-Bold: Standard "(002.004S)" Standard ROM
*Font Courier-BoldOblique: Standard "(002.004S)" Standard ROM
*Font Courier-Oblique: Standard "(002.004S)" Standard ROM
*Font Helvetica: Standard "(001.006S)" Standard ROM
*Font Helvetica-Bold: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font Helvetica-BoldOblique: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font Helvetica-Narrow: Standard "(001.006S)" Standard ROM
*Font Helvetica-Narrow-Bold: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font Helvetica-Narrow-BoldOblique: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font Helvetica-Narrow-Oblique: Standard "(001.006S)" Standard ROM
*Font Helvetica-Oblique: Standard "(001.006S)" Standard ROM
*Font NewCenturySchlbk-Bold: Standard "(001.009S)" Standard ROM
*Font NewCenturySchlbk-BoldItalic: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font NewCenturySchlbk-Italic: Standard "(001.006S)" Standard ROM
*Font NewCenturySchlbk-Roman: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font Palatino-Bold: Standard "(001.005S)" Standard ROM
*Font Palatino-BoldItalic: Standard "(001.005S)" Standard ROM
*Font Palatino-Italic: Standard "(001.005S)" Standard ROM
*Font Palatino-Roman: Standard "(001.005S)" Standard ROM
*Font Symbol: Special "(001.007S)" Special ROM
*Font Times-Bold: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font Times-BoldItalic: Standard "(001.009S)" Standard ROM
*Font Times-Italic: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font Times-Roman: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font ZapfChancery-MediumItalic: Standard "(001.007S)" Standard ROM
*Font ZapfDingbats: Special "(001.004S)" Standard ROM
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Foomatic keywords
-----------------

*FoomaticIDs: <printer> <driver>
    <printer>: The printer ID in the Foomatic database
    <driver>: The driver name/ID in the Foomatic database

*FoomaticRIPPostPipe: "<code>"
    <code>: A shell command line into which the output of foomatic-rip
            is piped. Only used with LPRng, LPD, GNUlpr, spooler-less

*FoomaticRIPCammandLine: "<code>"
    <code>: The general command line prototype, with spots to insert option
            settings ("%A", "%B", ...).

*FoomaticRIPCammandLinePDF: "<code>"
    <code>: The command line prototype for PDF input if it is different to
            the one for PostScript input, with spots to insert option
            settings ("%A", "%B", ...).

*FoomaticRIPNoPageAccounting: <boolean value>
    <value>: If True, no accounting code will be inserted into the
             PostScript data stream.

*FoomaticRIPOption <name>: <type> <style> <spot> [<order>]
    <name>: Option name; <type>: enum, bool, int, float;
    <style>: CmdLine, JCL, PS, Composite;
    <spot>: Insert this at "%<spot>" in the "*FoomaticRIPCammandLine";
    <order>: order number (1-choice options only)

*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting <name>=<choice>: "<code>"
    <name>: Option name; <choice>: choice name;
    <code>: Code to insert for Cmdline and JCL options,
            Settings of member options for Composite
            options (see below)

*FoomaticRIPOptionPrototype <name>: "<code>"
    (keyword only for numerical and string/password options)
    <name>: Option name;
    <code>: Code to insert for Cmdline, JCL, and
            PS options. With "%s" for the number/string
            set by the user.

*FoomaticRIPOptionRange <name>: <min> <max>
    (keyword only for numerical options)
    <name>: Option name;
    <min>, <max>: allowed range for the number.

*FoomaticRIPOptionMaxLength <name>: <length>
    (keyword only for string/password options)
    <name>: Option name;
    <length>: maximum allowed length for the string.

*FoomaticRIPOptionAllowedChars <name>: "<code>"
    (keyword only for string options)
    <name>: Option name;
    <code>: List of allowed characters in the string
            (checked by a '/^[...]*$/', see above).

*FoomaticRIPOptionAllowedRegExp <name>: "<code>"
    (keyword only for string options)
    <name>: Option name;
    <code>: Perl regular expression which the string must fulfill
            (checked by a '/.../', see above).

*FoomaticRIPDefault<name>: <value>
    (keyword only for numerical options)
    <name>: Option name;
    <value>: default value, only needs to be in
            the allowed range, does not need to be
	    one of the enumerated choices.

*FoomaticRIPJobEntityMaxLength: <integer value>
*FoomaticRIPUserEntityMaxLength: <integer value>
*FoomaticRIPHostEntityMaxLength: <integer value>
*FoomaticRIPTitleEntityMaxLength: <integer value>
*FoomaticRIPOptionsEntityMaxLength: <integer value>
    <integer value>: Maximum length for the substitution strings for
    the special entities "&job;", "&user;", "&host;", "&title;", and
    "&options;" which can be used in the quoted strings of all "*Foomatic..."
    keywords (foomatic-filters 4.0.6 or newer needed).

All strings in quotes (Foomatic command line, snippets to insert in
command line, "<code>" in the keyword descriptions above) are encoded
with the "htmlify()" function of DB.pm, so they contain no forbidden
characters ("<", ">", "\"") any more. In addition they are broken up
into short lines. The filter (foomatic-rip) will put them together
at first and then replace the HTML/XML entities by the original
characters. If a string is split up, an "*End" line follows, as
required by the Adobe specification. In the quoted strings also the
following special entities can be used to insert job parameters:

   Entity          Gets replaced by
   ---------------------------------------------------------
   &job;           Job ID
   &user;          User name (who sent the job)
   &host;          Job host name
   &title;         Job title
   &options;       Job options
   &copies;        Number of copies
   &rbinumcopies;  "%RBINumCopies:" of PostScript input
   &year;          Job rendering date: 4-digit year
   &month;         Job rendering date: 2-digit month
   &date;          Job rendering date: 2-digit day of month
   &hour;          Job rendering date: 2-digit hours (24 hours)
   &min;           Job rendering date: 2-digit minutes
   &sec;           Job rendering date: 2-digit seconds

foomatic-rip substitutes these entities by the appropriate parameters
before starting the rendering process. This way job parameters can be
sent to the printer. From foomatic-filters 4.0.6 on the length of the
inserted strings can be limited, either by the above-mentioned
"*FoomaticRIP...EntityMaxLength:" keywords in the PPD or by adding the
length to the entities (ex: "&user8;", "&title16;", ...). If the
string to insert for the entity is longer than the limit, it gets cut
off to the limit. Note that adding numbers to the entities makes the
PPD incompatible with older versions of foomatic-rip. PPDs with the
above-mentioned new keywords work with older versions of foomatic-rip,
but limits do not get applied. Therefore I generally recommend using
the PPD keywords for PPDs to make them publically available.

All Foomatic-relevant info is stored with keywords beginning with 
"*Foomatic...", not in comment lines. So if some program strips the 
comments off the PPD file, the file still works. The data is stored 
in a way compliant to the Adobe specification.

The "*Foomatic..." lines are located in the option entries, so that all 
info which is related is located close to each other. This makes the 
file more easily readable. The lines also contain only the information 
which is not provided by the standard PPD lines. So redundancy is low 
and the PPD can more easily be edited and customized.

"*Foomatic..." lines are given to all non-PostScript options and to
numerical or string/password PostScript options. Usual "Boolean" and
"PickOne" PostScript options do not need them. Numerical and
string/password options are "PickOne" for most frontends, but with the
"*Foomatic..." lines the server (the foomatic-rip filter script)
identifies them as numerical or string/password options (and so
accepts values which are not listed) and, second, frontends could also
read the "*Foomatic..." lines and so show the options as numerical or
string (with input field, slider, combo box) or even as password
(input field which shows asterisks instead of the actually typed
characters), as KDE Print and XPP now do by reading the Perl
structure.

Non-PostScript options with only one choice consist only of
"*Foomatic..." lines. So the one choice is stored in the PPD file but
frontends will not show a widget for these options.

Also composite options can be described more easily:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

*OpenUI *PrintoutMode/Printout Mode: PickOne
*FoomaticRIPOption PrintoutMode: enum Composite C
*OrderDependency: 20 AnySetup *PrintoutMode
*DefaultPrintoutMode: Normal
*PrintoutMode Draft/Draft (Economy): "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: 
PrintoutMode=Draft"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=Draft: "Resolution=300 &&
MediaType=Normal Dither=VeryFast"
*End
*PrintoutMode Normal/Normal: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: 
PrintoutMode=Normal"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=Normal: "Resolution=600 &&
MediaType=Normal Dither=AdaptiveHybrid"
*End
*PrintoutMode High/High Quality: "%% 
FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrintoutMode=High"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=High: "Resolution=1200 &&
MediaType=Inkjet Dither=AdaptiveHybrid"
*End
*PrintoutMode Photo/Photo: "%% FoomaticRIPOptionSetting: PrintoutMode=Photo"
*FoomaticRIPOptionSetting PrintoutMode=Photo: "Resolution=1200 &&
MediaType=GlossyPhoto Dither=EvenTone"
*End
*CloseUI: *PrintoutMode

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Remark to the "*FoomaticRIPDefault<name>: <value>" entries for
numerical options:

Adobe's PPD specs do not support numerical options. Therefore the
numerical options are mapped to enumerated options in the PPD file and
their characteristics as a numerical option are stored in
"*Foomatic..."  keywords. Especially a value between the enumerated
fixed values can be used as the default value. Then this value must be
given by a "*FoomaticRIPDefault<option>: <value>" line in the PPD
file. But this value is only valid, if the "official" default given by
a "*Default<option>: <value>" line (it must be one of the enumerated
values) points to the enumerated value which is closest to this
value. This way a user can select a default value with a tool only
supporting PPD files but not Foomatic extensions.  This tool only
modifies the "*Default<option>: <value>" line and if the
"*FoomaticRIPDefault<option>: <value>" had always priority, the user's
change in "*Default<option>: <value>" had no effect.

For numerical, string, and password options there are also the CUPS
PPD extensions for custom options used. This allows GUIs which use
CUPS' PPD extensions give full access to these options to the
user. See above.
