f64.rs.html -- source
Description: Source to the Rust file `libstd/f64.rs`.
Keywords: rust, rustlang, rust-lang

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    // Copyright 2012-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
    // file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
    // http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
    //
    // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
    // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
    // <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
    // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
    // except according to those terms.

    //! This module provides constants which are specific to the implementation
    //! of the `f64` floating point data type.
    //!
    //! *[See also the `f64` primitive type](../../std/primitive.f64.html).*
    //!
    //! Mathematically significant numbers are provided in the `consts` sub-module.

    #![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    #![allow(missing_docs)]

    #[cfg(not(test))]
    use intrinsics;
    #[cfg(not(test))]
    use sys::cmath;

    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub use core::f64::{RADIX, MANTISSA_DIGITS, DIGITS, EPSILON};
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub use core::f64::{MIN_EXP, MAX_EXP, MIN_10_EXP};
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub use core::f64::{MAX_10_EXP, NAN, INFINITY, NEG_INFINITY};
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub use core::f64::{MIN, MIN_POSITIVE, MAX};
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub use core::f64::consts;

    #[cfg(not(test))]
    #[lang = "f64_runtime"]
    impl f64 {
        /// Returns the largest integer less than or equal to a number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let f = 3.99_f64;
        /// let g = 3.0_f64;
        ///
        /// assert_eq!(f.floor(), 3.0);
        /// assert_eq!(g.floor(), 3.0);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn floor(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::floorf64(self) }
        }

        /// Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let f = 3.01_f64;
        /// let g = 4.0_f64;
        ///
        /// assert_eq!(f.ceil(), 4.0);
        /// assert_eq!(g.ceil(), 4.0);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn ceil(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::ceilf64(self) }
        }

        /// Returns the nearest integer to a number. Round half-way cases away from
        /// `0.0`.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let f = 3.3_f64;
        /// let g = -3.3_f64;
        ///
        /// assert_eq!(f.round(), 3.0);
        /// assert_eq!(g.round(), -3.0);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn round(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::roundf64(self) }
        }

        /// Returns the integer part of a number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let f = 3.3_f64;
        /// let g = -3.7_f64;
        ///
        /// assert_eq!(f.trunc(), 3.0);
        /// assert_eq!(g.trunc(), -3.0);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn trunc(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::truncf64(self) }
        }

        /// Returns the fractional part of a number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 3.5_f64;
        /// let y = -3.5_f64;
        /// let abs_difference_x = (x.fract() - 0.5).abs();
        /// let abs_difference_y = (y.fract() - (-0.5)).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference_x < 1e-10);
        /// assert!(abs_difference_y < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn fract(self) -> f64 { self - self.trunc() }

        /// Computes the absolute value of `self`. Returns `NAN` if the
        /// number is `NAN`.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let x = 3.5_f64;
        /// let y = -3.5_f64;
        ///
        /// let abs_difference_x = (x.abs() - x).abs();
        /// let abs_difference_y = (y.abs() - (-y)).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference_x < 1e-10);
        /// assert!(abs_difference_y < 1e-10);
        ///
        /// assert!(f64::NAN.abs().is_nan());
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn abs(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::fabsf64(self) }
        }

        /// Returns a number that represents the sign of `self`.
        ///
        /// - `1.0` if the number is positive, `+0.0` or `INFINITY`
        /// - `-1.0` if the number is negative, `-0.0` or `NEG_INFINITY`
        /// - `NAN` if the number is `NAN`
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let f = 3.5_f64;
        ///
        /// assert_eq!(f.signum(), 1.0);
        /// assert_eq!(f64::NEG_INFINITY.signum(), -1.0);
        ///
        /// assert!(f64::NAN.signum().is_nan());
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn signum(self) -> f64 {
            if self.is_nan() {
                NAN
            } else {
                unsafe { intrinsics::copysignf64(1.0, self) }
            }
        }

        /// Fused multiply-add. Computes `(self * a) + b` with only one rounding
        /// error, yielding a more accurate result than an unfused multiply-add.
        ///
        /// Using `mul_add` can be more performant than an unfused multiply-add if
        /// the target architecture has a dedicated `fma` CPU instruction.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let m = 10.0_f64;
        /// let x = 4.0_f64;
        /// let b = 60.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // 100.0
        /// let abs_difference = (m.mul_add(x, b) - (m*x + b)).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn mul_add(self, a: f64, b: f64) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::fmaf64(self, a, b) }
        }

        /// Calculates Euclidean division, the matching method for `mod_euc`.
        ///
        /// This computes the integer `n` such that
        /// `self = n * rhs + self.mod_euc(rhs)`.
        /// In other words, the result is `self / rhs` rounded to the integer `n`
        /// such that `self >= n * rhs`.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// #![feature(euclidean_division)]
        /// let a: f64 = 7.0;
        /// let b = 4.0;
        /// assert_eq!(a.div_euc(b), 1.0); // 7.0 > 4.0 * 1.0
        /// assert_eq!((-a).div_euc(b), -2.0); // -7.0 >= 4.0 * -2.0
        /// assert_eq!(a.div_euc(-b), -1.0); // 7.0 >= -4.0 * -1.0
        /// assert_eq!((-a).div_euc(-b), 2.0); // -7.0 >= -4.0 * 2.0
        /// ```
        #[inline]
        #[unstable(feature = "euclidean_division", issue = "49048")]
        pub fn div_euc(self, rhs: f64) -> f64 {
            let q = (self / rhs).trunc();
            if self % rhs < 0.0 {
                return if rhs > 0.0 { q - 1.0 } else { q + 1.0 }
            }
            q
        }

        /// Calculates the Euclidean modulo (self mod rhs), which is never negative.
        ///
        /// In particular, the return value `r` satisfies `0.0 <= r < rhs.abs()` in
        /// most cases.  However, due to a floating point round-off error it can
        /// result in `r == rhs.abs()`, violating the mathematical definition, if
        /// `self` is much smaller than `rhs.abs()` in magnitude and `self < 0.0`.
        /// This result is not an element of the function's codomain, but it is the
        /// closest floating point number in the real numbers and thus fulfills the
        /// property `self == self.div_euc(rhs) * rhs + self.mod_euc(rhs)`
        /// approximatively.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// #![feature(euclidean_division)]
        /// let a: f64 = 7.0;
        /// let b = 4.0;
        /// assert_eq!(a.mod_euc(b), 3.0);
        /// assert_eq!((-a).mod_euc(b), 1.0);
        /// assert_eq!(a.mod_euc(-b), 3.0);
        /// assert_eq!((-a).mod_euc(-b), 1.0);
        /// // limitation due to round-off error
        /// assert!((-std::f64::EPSILON).mod_euc(3.0) != 0.0);
        /// ```
        #[inline]
        #[unstable(feature = "euclidean_division", issue = "49048")]
        pub fn mod_euc(self, rhs: f64) -> f64 {
            let r = self % rhs;
            if r < 0.0 {
                r + rhs.abs()
            } else {
                r
            }
        }

        /// Raises a number to an integer power.
        ///
        /// Using this function is generally faster than using `powf`
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 2.0_f64;
        /// let abs_difference = (x.powi(2) - x*x).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn powi(self, n: i32) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::powif64(self, n) }
        }

        /// Raises a number to a floating point power.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 2.0_f64;
        /// let abs_difference = (x.powf(2.0) - x*x).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn powf(self, n: f64) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::powf64(self, n) }
        }

        /// Takes the square root of a number.
        ///
        /// Returns NaN if `self` is a negative number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let positive = 4.0_f64;
        /// let negative = -4.0_f64;
        ///
        /// let abs_difference = (positive.sqrt() - 2.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// assert!(negative.sqrt().is_nan());
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn sqrt(self) -> f64 {
            if self < 0.0 {
                NAN
            } else {
                unsafe { intrinsics::sqrtf64(self) }
            }
        }

        /// Returns `e^(self)`, (the exponential function).
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let one = 1.0_f64;
        /// // e^1
        /// let e = one.exp();
        ///
        /// // ln(e) - 1 == 0
        /// let abs_difference = (e.ln() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn exp(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::expf64(self) }
        }

        /// Returns `2^(self)`.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let f = 2.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // 2^2 - 4 == 0
        /// let abs_difference = (f.exp2() - 4.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn exp2(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::exp2f64(self) }
        }

        /// Returns the natural logarithm of the number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let one = 1.0_f64;
        /// // e^1
        /// let e = one.exp();
        ///
        /// // ln(e) - 1 == 0
        /// let abs_difference = (e.ln() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn ln(self) -> f64 {
            self.log_wrapper(|n| { unsafe { intrinsics::logf64(n) } })
        }

        /// Returns the logarithm of the number with respect to an arbitrary base.
        ///
        /// The result may not be correctly rounded owing to implementation details;
        /// `self.log2()` can produce more accurate results for base 2, and
        /// `self.log10()` can produce more accurate results for base 10.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let five = 5.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // log5(5) - 1 == 0
        /// let abs_difference = (five.log(5.0) - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn log(self, base: f64) -> f64 { self.ln() / base.ln() }

        /// Returns the base 2 logarithm of the number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let two = 2.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // log2(2) - 1 == 0
        /// let abs_difference = (two.log2() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn log2(self) -> f64 {
            self.log_wrapper(|n| {
                #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
                return ::sys::android::log2f64(n);
                #[cfg(not(target_os = "android"))]
                return unsafe { intrinsics::log2f64(n) };
            })
        }

        /// Returns the base 10 logarithm of the number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let ten = 10.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // log10(10) - 1 == 0
        /// let abs_difference = (ten.log10() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn log10(self) -> f64 {
            self.log_wrapper(|n| { unsafe { intrinsics::log10f64(n) } })
        }

        /// The positive difference of two numbers.
        ///
        /// * If `self <= other`: `0:0`
        /// * Else: `self - other`
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 3.0_f64;
        /// let y = -3.0_f64;
        ///
        /// let abs_difference_x = (x.abs_sub(1.0) - 2.0).abs();
        /// let abs_difference_y = (y.abs_sub(1.0) - 0.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference_x < 1e-10);
        /// assert!(abs_difference_y < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        #[rustc_deprecated(since = "1.10.0",
                           reason = "you probably meant `(self - other).abs()`: \
                                     this operation is `(self - other).max(0.0)` (also \
                                     known as `fdim` in C). If you truly need the positive \
                                     difference, consider using that expression or the C function \
                                     `fdim`, depending on how you wish to handle NaN (please consider \
                                     filing an issue describing your use-case too).")]
         pub fn abs_sub(self, other: f64) -> f64 {
             unsafe { cmath::fdim(self, other) }
         }

        /// Takes the cubic root of a number.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 8.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // x^(1/3) - 2 == 0
        /// let abs_difference = (x.cbrt() - 2.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn cbrt(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::cbrt(self) }
        }

        /// Calculates the length of the hypotenuse of a right-angle triangle given
        /// legs of length `x` and `y`.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 2.0_f64;
        /// let y = 3.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // sqrt(x^2 + y^2)
        /// let abs_difference = (x.hypot(y) - (x.powi(2) + y.powi(2)).sqrt()).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn hypot(self, other: f64) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::hypot(self, other) }
        }

        /// Computes the sine of a number (in radians).
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let x = f64::consts::PI/2.0;
        ///
        /// let abs_difference = (x.sin() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn sin(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::sinf64(self) }
        }

        /// Computes the cosine of a number (in radians).
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let x = 2.0*f64::consts::PI;
        ///
        /// let abs_difference = (x.cos() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn cos(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { intrinsics::cosf64(self) }
        }

        /// Computes the tangent of a number (in radians).
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let x = f64::consts::PI/4.0;
        /// let abs_difference = (x.tan() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-14);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn tan(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::tan(self) }
        }

        /// Computes the arcsine of a number. Return value is in radians in
        /// the range [-pi/2, pi/2] or NaN if the number is outside the range
        /// [-1, 1].
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let f = f64::consts::PI / 2.0;
        ///
        /// // asin(sin(pi/2))
        /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - f64::consts::PI / 2.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn asin(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::asin(self) }
        }

        /// Computes the arccosine of a number. Return value is in radians in
        /// the range [0, pi] or NaN if the number is outside the range
        /// [-1, 1].
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let f = f64::consts::PI / 4.0;
        ///
        /// // acos(cos(pi/4))
        /// let abs_difference = (f.cos().acos() - f64::consts::PI / 4.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn acos(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::acos(self) }
        }

        /// Computes the arctangent of a number. Return value is in radians in the
        /// range [-pi/2, pi/2];
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let f = 1.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // atan(tan(1))
        /// let abs_difference = (f.tan().atan() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn atan(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::atan(self) }
        }

        /// Computes the four quadrant arctangent of `self` (`y`) and `other` (`x`) in radians.
        ///
        /// * `x = 0`, `y = 0`: `0`
        /// * `x >= 0`: `arctan(y/x)` -> `[-pi/2, pi/2]`
        /// * `y >= 0`: `arctan(y/x) + pi` -> `(pi/2, pi]`
        /// * `y < 0`: `arctan(y/x) - pi` -> `(-pi, -pi/2)`
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let pi = f64::consts::PI;
        /// // Positive angles measured counter-clockwise
        /// // from positive x axis
        /// // -pi/4 radians (45 deg clockwise)
        /// let x1 = 3.0_f64;
        /// let y1 = -3.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // 3pi/4 radians (135 deg counter-clockwise)
        /// let x2 = -3.0_f64;
        /// let y2 = 3.0_f64;
        ///
        /// let abs_difference_1 = (y1.atan2(x1) - (-pi/4.0)).abs();
        /// let abs_difference_2 = (y2.atan2(x2) - 3.0*pi/4.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference_1 < 1e-10);
        /// assert!(abs_difference_2 < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn atan2(self, other: f64) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::atan2(self, other) }
        }

        /// Simultaneously computes the sine and cosine of the number, `x`. Returns
        /// `(sin(x), cos(x))`.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let x = f64::consts::PI/4.0;
        /// let f = x.sin_cos();
        ///
        /// let abs_difference_0 = (f.0 - x.sin()).abs();
        /// let abs_difference_1 = (f.1 - x.cos()).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference_0 < 1e-10);
        /// assert!(abs_difference_1 < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn sin_cos(self) -> (f64, f64) {
            (self.sin(), self.cos())
        }

        /// Returns `e^(self) - 1` in a way that is accurate even if the
        /// number is close to zero.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 7.0_f64;
        ///
        /// // e^(ln(7)) - 1
        /// let abs_difference = (x.ln().exp_m1() - 6.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn exp_m1(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::expm1(self) }
        }

        /// Returns `ln(1+n)` (natural logarithm) more accurately than if
        /// the operations were performed separately.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let x = f64::consts::E - 1.0;
        ///
        /// // ln(1 + (e - 1)) == ln(e) == 1
        /// let abs_difference = (x.ln_1p() - 1.0).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn ln_1p(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::log1p(self) }
        }

        /// Hyperbolic sine function.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let e = f64::consts::E;
        /// let x = 1.0_f64;
        ///
        /// let f = x.sinh();
        /// // Solving sinh() at 1 gives `(e^2-1)/(2e)`
        /// let g = (e*e - 1.0)/(2.0*e);
        /// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn sinh(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::sinh(self) }
        }

        /// Hyperbolic cosine function.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let e = f64::consts::E;
        /// let x = 1.0_f64;
        /// let f = x.cosh();
        /// // Solving cosh() at 1 gives this result
        /// let g = (e*e + 1.0)/(2.0*e);
        /// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
        ///
        /// // Same result
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn cosh(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::cosh(self) }
        }

        /// Hyperbolic tangent function.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let e = f64::consts::E;
        /// let x = 1.0_f64;
        ///
        /// let f = x.tanh();
        /// // Solving tanh() at 1 gives `(1 - e^(-2))/(1 + e^(-2))`
        /// let g = (1.0 - e.powi(-2))/(1.0 + e.powi(-2));
        /// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn tanh(self) -> f64 {
            unsafe { cmath::tanh(self) }
        }

        /// Inverse hyperbolic sine function.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 1.0_f64;
        /// let f = x.sinh().asinh();
        ///
        /// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn asinh(self) -> f64 {
            if self == NEG_INFINITY {
                NEG_INFINITY
            } else {
                (self + ((self * self) + 1.0).sqrt()).ln()
            }
        }

        /// Inverse hyperbolic cosine function.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// let x = 1.0_f64;
        /// let f = x.cosh().acosh();
        ///
        /// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn acosh(self) -> f64 {
            match self {
                x if x < 1.0 => NAN,
                x => (x + ((x * x) - 1.0).sqrt()).ln(),
            }
        }

        /// Inverse hyperbolic tangent function.
        ///
        /// # Examples
        ///
        /// ```
        /// use std::f64;
        ///
        /// let e = f64::consts::E;
        /// let f = e.tanh().atanh();
        ///
        /// let abs_difference = (f - e).abs();
        ///
        /// assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);
        /// ```
        #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
        #[inline]
        pub fn atanh(self) -> f64 {
            0.5 * ((2.0 * self) / (1.0 - self)).ln_1p()
        }

        // Solaris/Illumos requires a wrapper around log, log2, and log10 functions
        // because of their non-standard behavior (e.g. log(-n) returns -Inf instead
        // of expected NaN).
        fn log_wrapper<F: Fn(f64) -> f64>(self, log_fn: F) -> f64 {
            if !cfg!(target_os = "solaris") {
                log_fn(self)
            } else {
                if self.is_finite() {
                    if self > 0.0 {
                        log_fn(self)
                    } else if self == 0.0 {
                        NEG_INFINITY // log(0) = -Inf
                    } else {
                        NAN // log(-n) = NaN
                    }
                } else if self.is_nan() {
                    self // log(NaN) = NaN
                } else if self > 0.0 {
                    self // log(Inf) = Inf
                } else {
                    NAN // log(-Inf) = NaN
                }
            }
        }
    }

    #[cfg(test)]
    mod tests {
        use f64;
        use f64::*;
        use num::*;
        use num::FpCategory as Fp;

        #[test]
        fn test_num_f64() {
            test_num(10f64, 2f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_min_nan() {
            assert_eq!(NAN.min(2.0), 2.0);
            assert_eq!(2.0f64.min(NAN), 2.0);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_max_nan() {
            assert_eq!(NAN.max(2.0), 2.0);
            assert_eq!(2.0f64.max(NAN), 2.0);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_nan() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            assert!(nan.is_nan());
            assert!(!nan.is_infinite());
            assert!(!nan.is_finite());
            assert!(!nan.is_normal());
            assert!(nan.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!nan.is_sign_negative());
            assert_eq!(Fp::Nan, nan.classify());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_infinity() {
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            assert!(inf.is_infinite());
            assert!(!inf.is_finite());
            assert!(inf.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!inf.is_sign_negative());
            assert!(!inf.is_nan());
            assert!(!inf.is_normal());
            assert_eq!(Fp::Infinite, inf.classify());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_neg_infinity() {
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert!(neg_inf.is_infinite());
            assert!(!neg_inf.is_finite());
            assert!(!neg_inf.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(neg_inf.is_sign_negative());
            assert!(!neg_inf.is_nan());
            assert!(!neg_inf.is_normal());
            assert_eq!(Fp::Infinite, neg_inf.classify());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_zero() {
            let zero: f64 = 0.0f64;
            assert_eq!(0.0, zero);
            assert!(!zero.is_infinite());
            assert!(zero.is_finite());
            assert!(zero.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!zero.is_sign_negative());
            assert!(!zero.is_nan());
            assert!(!zero.is_normal());
            assert_eq!(Fp::Zero, zero.classify());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_neg_zero() {
            let neg_zero: f64 = -0.0;
            assert_eq!(0.0, neg_zero);
            assert!(!neg_zero.is_infinite());
            assert!(neg_zero.is_finite());
            assert!(!neg_zero.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(neg_zero.is_sign_negative());
            assert!(!neg_zero.is_nan());
            assert!(!neg_zero.is_normal());
            assert_eq!(Fp::Zero, neg_zero.classify());
        }

        #[cfg_attr(all(target_arch = "wasm32", target_os = "emscripten"), ignore)] // issue 42630
        #[test]
        fn test_one() {
            let one: f64 = 1.0f64;
            assert_eq!(1.0, one);
            assert!(!one.is_infinite());
            assert!(one.is_finite());
            assert!(one.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!one.is_sign_negative());
            assert!(!one.is_nan());
            assert!(one.is_normal());
            assert_eq!(Fp::Normal, one.classify());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_is_nan() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert!(nan.is_nan());
            assert!(!0.0f64.is_nan());
            assert!(!5.3f64.is_nan());
            assert!(!(-10.732f64).is_nan());
            assert!(!inf.is_nan());
            assert!(!neg_inf.is_nan());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_is_infinite() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert!(!nan.is_infinite());
            assert!(inf.is_infinite());
            assert!(neg_inf.is_infinite());
            assert!(!0.0f64.is_infinite());
            assert!(!42.8f64.is_infinite());
            assert!(!(-109.2f64).is_infinite());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_is_finite() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert!(!nan.is_finite());
            assert!(!inf.is_finite());
            assert!(!neg_inf.is_finite());
            assert!(0.0f64.is_finite());
            assert!(42.8f64.is_finite());
            assert!((-109.2f64).is_finite());
        }

        #[cfg_attr(all(target_arch = "wasm32", target_os = "emscripten"), ignore)] // issue 42630
        #[test]
        fn test_is_normal() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            let zero: f64 = 0.0f64;
            let neg_zero: f64 = -0.0;
            assert!(!nan.is_normal());
            assert!(!inf.is_normal());
            assert!(!neg_inf.is_normal());
            assert!(!zero.is_normal());
            assert!(!neg_zero.is_normal());
            assert!(1f64.is_normal());
            assert!(1e-307f64.is_normal());
            assert!(!1e-308f64.is_normal());
        }

        #[cfg_attr(all(target_arch = "wasm32", target_os = "emscripten"), ignore)] // issue 42630
        #[test]
        fn test_classify() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            let zero: f64 = 0.0f64;
            let neg_zero: f64 = -0.0;
            assert_eq!(nan.classify(), Fp::Nan);
            assert_eq!(inf.classify(), Fp::Infinite);
            assert_eq!(neg_inf.classify(), Fp::Infinite);
            assert_eq!(zero.classify(), Fp::Zero);
            assert_eq!(neg_zero.classify(), Fp::Zero);
            assert_eq!(1e-307f64.classify(), Fp::Normal);
            assert_eq!(1e-308f64.classify(), Fp::Subnormal);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_floor() {
            assert_approx_eq!(1.0f64.floor(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.3f64.floor(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.5f64.floor(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.7f64.floor(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(0.0f64.floor(), 0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-0.0f64).floor(), -0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.0f64).floor(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.3f64).floor(), -2.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.5f64).floor(), -2.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.7f64).floor(), -2.0f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_ceil() {
            assert_approx_eq!(1.0f64.ceil(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.3f64.ceil(), 2.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.5f64.ceil(), 2.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.7f64.ceil(), 2.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(0.0f64.ceil(), 0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-0.0f64).ceil(), -0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.0f64).ceil(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.3f64).ceil(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.5f64).ceil(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.7f64).ceil(), -1.0f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_round() {
            assert_approx_eq!(1.0f64.round(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.3f64.round(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.5f64.round(), 2.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.7f64.round(), 2.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(0.0f64.round(), 0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-0.0f64).round(), -0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.0f64).round(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.3f64).round(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.5f64).round(), -2.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.7f64).round(), -2.0f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_trunc() {
            assert_approx_eq!(1.0f64.trunc(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.3f64.trunc(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.5f64.trunc(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.7f64.trunc(), 1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(0.0f64.trunc(), 0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-0.0f64).trunc(), -0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.0f64).trunc(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.3f64).trunc(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.5f64).trunc(), -1.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.7f64).trunc(), -1.0f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_fract() {
            assert_approx_eq!(1.0f64.fract(), 0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.3f64.fract(), 0.3f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.5f64.fract(), 0.5f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.7f64.fract(), 0.7f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(0.0f64.fract(), 0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-0.0f64).fract(), -0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.0f64).fract(), -0.0f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.3f64).fract(), -0.3f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.5f64).fract(), -0.5f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-1.7f64).fract(), -0.7f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_abs() {
            assert_eq!(INFINITY.abs(), INFINITY);
            assert_eq!(1f64.abs(), 1f64);
            assert_eq!(0f64.abs(), 0f64);
            assert_eq!((-0f64).abs(), 0f64);
            assert_eq!((-1f64).abs(), 1f64);
            assert_eq!(NEG_INFINITY.abs(), INFINITY);
            assert_eq!((1f64/NEG_INFINITY).abs(), 0f64);
            assert!(NAN.abs().is_nan());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_signum() {
            assert_eq!(INFINITY.signum(), 1f64);
            assert_eq!(1f64.signum(), 1f64);
            assert_eq!(0f64.signum(), 1f64);
            assert_eq!((-0f64).signum(), -1f64);
            assert_eq!((-1f64).signum(), -1f64);
            assert_eq!(NEG_INFINITY.signum(), -1f64);
            assert_eq!((1f64/NEG_INFINITY).signum(), -1f64);
            assert!(NAN.signum().is_nan());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_is_sign_positive() {
            assert!(INFINITY.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(1f64.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(0f64.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!(-0f64).is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!(-1f64).is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!NEG_INFINITY.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!(1f64/NEG_INFINITY).is_sign_positive());
            assert!(NAN.is_sign_positive());
            assert!(!(-NAN).is_sign_positive());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_is_sign_negative() {
            assert!(!INFINITY.is_sign_negative());
            assert!(!1f64.is_sign_negative());
            assert!(!0f64.is_sign_negative());
            assert!((-0f64).is_sign_negative());
            assert!((-1f64).is_sign_negative());
            assert!(NEG_INFINITY.is_sign_negative());
            assert!((1f64/NEG_INFINITY).is_sign_negative());
            assert!(!NAN.is_sign_negative());
            assert!((-NAN).is_sign_negative());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_mul_add() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_approx_eq!(12.3f64.mul_add(4.5, 6.7), 62.05);
            assert_approx_eq!((-12.3f64).mul_add(-4.5, -6.7), 48.65);
            assert_approx_eq!(0.0f64.mul_add(8.9, 1.2), 1.2);
            assert_approx_eq!(3.4f64.mul_add(-0.0, 5.6), 5.6);
            assert!(nan.mul_add(7.8, 9.0).is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.mul_add(7.8, 9.0), inf);
            assert_eq!(neg_inf.mul_add(7.8, 9.0), neg_inf);
            assert_eq!(8.9f64.mul_add(inf, 3.2), inf);
            assert_eq!((-3.2f64).mul_add(2.4, neg_inf), neg_inf);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_recip() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_eq!(1.0f64.recip(), 1.0);
            assert_eq!(2.0f64.recip(), 0.5);
            assert_eq!((-0.4f64).recip(), -2.5);
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.recip(), inf);
            assert!(nan.recip().is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.recip(), 0.0);
            assert_eq!(neg_inf.recip(), 0.0);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_powi() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_eq!(1.0f64.powi(1), 1.0);
            assert_approx_eq!((-3.1f64).powi(2), 9.61);
            assert_approx_eq!(5.9f64.powi(-2), 0.028727);
            assert_eq!(8.3f64.powi(0), 1.0);
            assert!(nan.powi(2).is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.powi(3), inf);
            assert_eq!(neg_inf.powi(2), inf);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_powf() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_eq!(1.0f64.powf(1.0), 1.0);
            assert_approx_eq!(3.4f64.powf(4.5), 246.408183);
            assert_approx_eq!(2.7f64.powf(-3.2), 0.041652);
            assert_approx_eq!((-3.1f64).powf(2.0), 9.61);
            assert_approx_eq!(5.9f64.powf(-2.0), 0.028727);
            assert_eq!(8.3f64.powf(0.0), 1.0);
            assert!(nan.powf(2.0).is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.powf(2.0), inf);
            assert_eq!(neg_inf.powf(3.0), neg_inf);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_sqrt_domain() {
            assert!(NAN.sqrt().is_nan());
            assert!(NEG_INFINITY.sqrt().is_nan());
            assert!((-1.0f64).sqrt().is_nan());
            assert_eq!((-0.0f64).sqrt(), -0.0);
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.sqrt(), 0.0);
            assert_eq!(1.0f64.sqrt(), 1.0);
            assert_eq!(INFINITY.sqrt(), INFINITY);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_exp() {
            assert_eq!(1.0, 0.0f64.exp());
            assert_approx_eq!(2.718282, 1.0f64.exp());
            assert_approx_eq!(148.413159, 5.0f64.exp());

            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            assert_eq!(inf, inf.exp());
            assert_eq!(0.0, neg_inf.exp());
            assert!(nan.exp().is_nan());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_exp2() {
            assert_eq!(32.0, 5.0f64.exp2());
            assert_eq!(1.0, 0.0f64.exp2());

            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            assert_eq!(inf, inf.exp2());
            assert_eq!(0.0, neg_inf.exp2());
            assert!(nan.exp2().is_nan());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_ln() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_approx_eq!(1.0f64.exp().ln(), 1.0);
            assert!(nan.ln().is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.ln(), inf);
            assert!(neg_inf.ln().is_nan());
            assert!((-2.3f64).ln().is_nan());
            assert_eq!((-0.0f64).ln(), neg_inf);
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.ln(), neg_inf);
            assert_approx_eq!(4.0f64.ln(), 1.386294);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_log() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_eq!(10.0f64.log(10.0), 1.0);
            assert_approx_eq!(2.3f64.log(3.5), 0.664858);
            assert_eq!(1.0f64.exp().log(1.0f64.exp()), 1.0);
            assert!(1.0f64.log(1.0).is_nan());
            assert!(1.0f64.log(-13.9).is_nan());
            assert!(nan.log(2.3).is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.log(10.0), inf);
            assert!(neg_inf.log(8.8).is_nan());
            assert!((-2.3f64).log(0.1).is_nan());
            assert_eq!((-0.0f64).log(2.0), neg_inf);
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.log(7.0), neg_inf);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_log2() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_approx_eq!(10.0f64.log2(), 3.321928);
            assert_approx_eq!(2.3f64.log2(), 1.201634);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.0f64.exp().log2(), 1.442695);
            assert!(nan.log2().is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.log2(), inf);
            assert!(neg_inf.log2().is_nan());
            assert!((-2.3f64).log2().is_nan());
            assert_eq!((-0.0f64).log2(), neg_inf);
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.log2(), neg_inf);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_log10() {
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_eq!(10.0f64.log10(), 1.0);
            assert_approx_eq!(2.3f64.log10(), 0.361728);
            assert_approx_eq!(1.0f64.exp().log10(), 0.434294);
            assert_eq!(1.0f64.log10(), 0.0);
            assert!(nan.log10().is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.log10(), inf);
            assert!(neg_inf.log10().is_nan());
            assert!((-2.3f64).log10().is_nan());
            assert_eq!((-0.0f64).log10(), neg_inf);
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.log10(), neg_inf);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_to_degrees() {
            let pi: f64 = consts::PI;
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.to_degrees(), 0.0);
            assert_approx_eq!((-5.8f64).to_degrees(), -332.315521);
            assert_eq!(pi.to_degrees(), 180.0);
            assert!(nan.to_degrees().is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.to_degrees(), inf);
            assert_eq!(neg_inf.to_degrees(), neg_inf);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_to_radians() {
            let pi: f64 = consts::PI;
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.to_radians(), 0.0);
            assert_approx_eq!(154.6f64.to_radians(), 2.698279);
            assert_approx_eq!((-332.31f64).to_radians(), -5.799903);
            assert_eq!(180.0f64.to_radians(), pi);
            assert!(nan.to_radians().is_nan());
            assert_eq!(inf.to_radians(), inf);
            assert_eq!(neg_inf.to_radians(), neg_inf);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_asinh() {
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.asinh(), 0.0f64);
            assert_eq!((-0.0f64).asinh(), -0.0f64);

            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            assert_eq!(inf.asinh(), inf);
            assert_eq!(neg_inf.asinh(), neg_inf);
            assert!(nan.asinh().is_nan());
            assert_approx_eq!(2.0f64.asinh(), 1.443635475178810342493276740273105f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-2.0f64).asinh(), -1.443635475178810342493276740273105f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_acosh() {
            assert_eq!(1.0f64.acosh(), 0.0f64);
            assert!(0.999f64.acosh().is_nan());

            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            assert_eq!(inf.acosh(), inf);
            assert!(neg_inf.acosh().is_nan());
            assert!(nan.acosh().is_nan());
            assert_approx_eq!(2.0f64.acosh(), 1.31695789692481670862504634730796844f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(3.0f64.acosh(), 1.76274717403908605046521864995958461f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_atanh() {
            assert_eq!(0.0f64.atanh(), 0.0f64);
            assert_eq!((-0.0f64).atanh(), -0.0f64);

            let inf: f64 = INFINITY;
            let neg_inf: f64 = NEG_INFINITY;
            let nan: f64 = NAN;
            assert_eq!(1.0f64.atanh(), inf);
            assert_eq!((-1.0f64).atanh(), neg_inf);
            assert!(2f64.atanh().atanh().is_nan());
            assert!((-2f64).atanh().atanh().is_nan());
            assert!(inf.atanh().is_nan());
            assert!(neg_inf.atanh().is_nan());
            assert!(nan.atanh().is_nan());
            assert_approx_eq!(0.5f64.atanh(), 0.54930614433405484569762261846126285f64);
            assert_approx_eq!((-0.5f64).atanh(), -0.54930614433405484569762261846126285f64);
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_real_consts() {
            use super::consts;
            let pi: f64 = consts::PI;
            let frac_pi_2: f64 = consts::FRAC_PI_2;
            let frac_pi_3: f64 = consts::FRAC_PI_3;
            let frac_pi_4: f64 = consts::FRAC_PI_4;
            let frac_pi_6: f64 = consts::FRAC_PI_6;
            let frac_pi_8: f64 = consts::FRAC_PI_8;
            let frac_1_pi: f64 = consts::FRAC_1_PI;
            let frac_2_pi: f64 = consts::FRAC_2_PI;
            let frac_2_sqrtpi: f64 = consts::FRAC_2_SQRT_PI;
            let sqrt2: f64 = consts::SQRT_2;
            let frac_1_sqrt2: f64 = consts::FRAC_1_SQRT_2;
            let e: f64 = consts::E;
            let log2_e: f64 = consts::LOG2_E;
            let log10_e: f64 = consts::LOG10_E;
            let ln_2: f64 = consts::LN_2;
            let ln_10: f64 = consts::LN_10;

            assert_approx_eq!(frac_pi_2, pi / 2f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(frac_pi_3, pi / 3f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(frac_pi_4, pi / 4f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(frac_pi_6, pi / 6f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(frac_pi_8, pi / 8f64);
            assert_approx_eq!(frac_1_pi, 1f64 / pi);
            assert_approx_eq!(frac_2_pi, 2f64 / pi);
            assert_approx_eq!(frac_2_sqrtpi, 2f64 / pi.sqrt());
            assert_approx_eq!(sqrt2, 2f64.sqrt());
            assert_approx_eq!(frac_1_sqrt2, 1f64 / 2f64.sqrt());
            assert_approx_eq!(log2_e, e.log2());
            assert_approx_eq!(log10_e, e.log10());
            assert_approx_eq!(ln_2, 2f64.ln());
            assert_approx_eq!(ln_10, 10f64.ln());
        }

        #[test]
        fn test_float_bits_conv() {
            assert_eq!((1f64).to_bits(), 0x3ff0000000000000);
            assert_eq!((12.5f64).to_bits(), 0x4029000000000000);
            assert_eq!((1337f64).to_bits(), 0x4094e40000000000);
            assert_eq!((-14.25f64).to_bits(), 0xc02c800000000000);
            assert_approx_eq!(f64::from_bits(0x3ff0000000000000), 1.0);
            assert_approx_eq!(f64::from_bits(0x4029000000000000), 12.5);
            assert_approx_eq!(f64::from_bits(0x4094e40000000000), 1337.0);
            assert_approx_eq!(f64::from_bits(0xc02c800000000000), -14.25);

            // Check that NaNs roundtrip their bits regardless of signalingness
            // 0xA is 0b1010; 0x5 is 0b0101 -- so these two together clobbers all the mantissa bits
            let masked_nan1 = f64::NAN.to_bits() ^ 0x000A_AAAA_AAAA_AAAA;
            let masked_nan2 = f64::NAN.to_bits() ^ 0x0005_5555_5555_5555;
            assert!(f64::from_bits(masked_nan1).is_nan());
            assert!(f64::from_bits(masked_nan2).is_nan());

            assert_eq!(f64::from_bits(masked_nan1).to_bits(), masked_nan1);
            assert_eq!(f64::from_bits(masked_nan2).to_bits(), masked_nan2);
        }
    }

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