SD_ID128_GET_MACHINE(3)

NAME
sd_id128_get_machine, sd_id128_get_machine_app_specific, sd_id128_get_boot, sd_id128_get_invocation - Retrieve 128-bit IDs

SYNOPSIS

#include <systemd/sd-id128.h>

int sd_id128_get_machine(sd_id128_t *ret);

int sd_id128_get_machine_app_specific(sd_id128_t app_id, sd_id128_t *ret);

int sd_id128_get_boot(sd_id128_t *ret);

int sd_id128_get_invocation(sd_id128_t *ret);

DESCRIPTION

sd_id128_get_machine() returns the machine ID of the executing host. This reads and parses the machine-id(5) file. This function caches the machine ID internally to make retrieving the machine ID a cheap operation. This ID may be used wherever a unique identifier for the local system is needed. However, it is recommended to use this ID as-is only in trusted environments. In untrusted environments it is recommended to derive an application specific ID from this machine ID, in an irreversable (cryptographically secure) way. To make this easy sd_id128_get_machine_app_specific() is provided, see below.

sd_id128_get_machine_app_specific() is similar to sd_id128_get_machine(), but retrieves a machine ID that is specific to the application that is identified by the indicated application ID. It is recommended to use this function instead of sd_id128_get_machine() when passing an ID to untrusted environments, in order to make sure that the original machine ID may not be determined externally. The application-specific ID should be generated via a tool like journalctl --new-id128, and may be compiled into the application. This function will return the same application-specific ID for each combination of machine ID and application ID. Internally, this function calculates HMAC-SHA256 of the application ID, keyed by the machine ID.

sd_id128_get_boot() returns the boot ID of the executing kernel. This reads and parses the /proc/sys/kernel/random/boot_id file exposed by the kernel. It is randomly generated early at boot and is unique for every running kernel instance. See random(4) for more information. This function also internally caches the returned ID to make this call a cheap operation.

sd_id128_get_invocation() returns the invocation ID of the currently executed service. In its current implementation, this reads and parses the $INVOCATION_ID environment variable that the service manager sets when activating a service, see systemd.exec(5) for details. The ID is cached internally. In future a different mechanism to determine the invocation ID may be added.

Note that sd_id128_get_machine_app_specific(), sd_id128_get_boot() and sd_id128_get_invocation() always return UUID v4 compatible IDs. sd_id128_get_machine() will also return a UUID v4-compatible ID on new installations but might not on older. It is possible to convert the machine ID into a UUID v4-compatible one. For more information, see machine-id(5).

For more information about the "sd_id128_t" type see sd-id128(3).

RETURN VALUE

Those calls return 0 on success (in which case ret is filled in), or a negative errno-style error code. In particular, sd_id128_get_machine() and sd_id128_get_machine_app_specific() return -ENOENT if /etc/machine-id is missing, and -ENOMEDIUM if is empty or all zeros.

NOTES

These APIs are implemented as a shared library, which can be compiled and linked to with the libsystemd pkg-config(1) file.

EXAMPLES

Example 1. Application-specific machine ID

Here's a simple example for an application specific machine ID:

    #include <systemd/sd-id128.h>
    #include <stdio.h>
    #define OUR_APPLICATION_ID SD_ID128_MAKE(c2,73,27,73,23,db,45,4e,a6,3b,b9,6e,79,b5,3e,97)
    int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
            sd_id128_t id;
            sd_id128_get_machine_app_specific(OUR_APPLICATION_ID, &id);
            printf("Our application ID: " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "\n", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id));
            return 0;
    }

SEE ALSO

systemd(1), sd-id128(3), machine-id(5), systemd.exec(5), sd_id128_randomize(3), random(4)