GTK+ - ArchWiki

# GTK+

From ArchWiki

Related articles

- Uniform look for Qt and GTK applications
- Qt
- GNU Project
- GTK+/Development

From the GTK+ website:

  GTK+, or the GIMP Toolkit, is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces. Offering a complete set of widgets, GTK+ is suitable for projects ranging from small one-off tools to complete application suites.

GTK+, The GIMP Toolkit, was initially made by the GNU Project for GIMP, but it is now a very popular toolkit with bindings for many languages. This article will explore the tools used to configure the GTK+ theme, style, icon, font and font size, and also detail manual configuration.

## Installation

Two versions of GTK+ are currently available in the official repositories. They can be installed with the following packages:

- GTK+ 3.x is available with the gtk3 package.
- GTK+ 2.x is available with the gtk2 package.
- GTK+ 1.x is available with the gtkAUR package.

## Themes

In GTK+ 2, the default theme is Raleigh, but Arch Linux has a custom configuration file at `/usr/share/gtk-2.0/gtkrc`, which sets the default theme to Adwaita. In GTK+ 3, the default theme is Adwaita, but HighContrast, HighContrastInverse and Raleigh themes are also included.

To force a specific theme, set the following environment variables:

- For GTK+ 2, use `GTK2_RC_FILES`. For example to launch GIMP with the theme Industrial:

    $ GTK2_RC_FILES=/usr/share/themes/Industrial/gtk-2.0/gtkrc gimp

Tip: `gtkrc` can also be a custom file in your home directory created by any of the #Configuration tools.

- For GTK+ 3, use `GTK_THEME`. For example to launch GNOME Calculator with the dark variant of Adwaita:

    $ GTK_THEME=Adwaita:dark gnome-calculator

More themes can be installed from the official repositories or the AUR. Manually extracted themes go in `~/.themes/` or `~/.local/share/themes/` directory.

GTK+ 2 and GTK+ 3.20 or newer are supported:

- Adapta — An adaptive Gtk+ theme based on Material Design Guidelines. Includes: Adapta, Adapta-Eta, Adapta-Nokto, Adapta-Nokto-Eta

  https://github.com/tista500/Adapta || adapta-gtk-theme

- Arc — A flat theme with a modern look and transparent elements. Includes: Arc, Arc-Dark, Arc-Darker

  https://github.com/horst3180/arc-theme || with transparency: arc-gtk-theme, without transparency: arc-solid-gtk-theme

- Breeze — GTK+ version of KDE's default widget theme. Includes: Breeze, Breeze-Dark

  https://cgit.kde.org/breeze-gtk.git || breeze-gtk

- Deepin — Default theme for the Deepin desktop. Includes: deepin, deepin-dark

  https://github.com/linuxdeepin/deepin-gtk-theme || deepin-gtk-theme

- GNOME Extra Themes — Extra themes for the GNOME desktop. Includes: Adwaita, Adwaita-dark, HighContrast

  https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-themes-extra || gnome-themes-extra

- MATE Themes — Default themes for the MATE desktop. Includes: BlackMATE, Blue-Submarine, BlueMenta, ContrastHighInverse, Green-Submarine, GreenLaguna, Menta, TraditionalGreen, TraditionalOk

  https://github.com/mate-desktop/mate-themes || mate-themes

- Materia Theme — A Material Design-like flat theme for GTK3, GTK2, and GNOME-Shell.

  https://github.com/nana-4/materia-theme || materia-gtk-theme

- Numix — A flat and light theme with a modern look (GNOME, Openbox, Unity, Xfce). Includes: Numix

  https://github.com/shimmerproject/Numix || numix-gtk-theme

- Blackbird — Dark Desktop Suite for Xfce.

  https://github.com/shimmerproject/Blackbird || xfce-theme-blackbirdAUR

- Greybird — A grey and blue Xfce theme, used by default in Xubuntu 12.04.

  https://github.com/shimmerproject/Greybird || xfce-theme-greybirdAUR

- Vertex — Theme for GTK 3, GTK 2, Gnome-Shell and Cinnamon.

  https://github.com/horst3180/vertex-theme || vertex-themesAUR

- Zuki — Themes for GTK, gnome-shell and more.

  https://github.com/lassekongo83/zuki-themes || zuki-themes-gitAUR

Only GTK+ 2 is supported:

- GTK+ Engines — Theme engines for GTK+ 2. Includes: Clearlooks, Crux, Industrial, Mist, Redmond, ThinIce

  https://github.com/GNOME/gtk-engines || gtk-engines

- Xfce Gtk+ Engine — Xfce Gtk+-2.0 engine and themes

  http://git.xfce.org/xfce/gtk-xfce-engine/ || gtk-xfce-engine

- Oxygen-Gtk — Port of the default KDE widget theme (Oxygen) to GTK2

  https://cgit.kde.org/oxygen-gtk.git || oxygen-gtk2

- QtCurve — A configurable set of widget styles for KDE and Gtk.

  https://cgit.kde.org/qtcurve.git || qtcurve-gtk2

There are a number of additional GTK+ themes in the AUR, example: search for gtk-theme or search for gtk2-theme.

Note: Because GTK+ 3 changes rapidly, GTK+ 3 themes often require re-working after a GTK+ 3 release. For this reason, not all GTK+ 3 themes may look as intended when used with the latest GTK+ 3 version.

### GTK+ and Qt

If you have GTK+ and Qt (KDE) applications on your desktop then you know that their looks do not blend well. If you wish to make your GTK+ styles match your Qt styles please read Uniform look for Qt and GTK applications.

## Configuration tools

Most major desktop environments provide tools to configure the GTK+ theme, icons, font and font size, and manage these settings via XSettings:

- If you use Cinnamon, use Themes tool (cinnamon-settings themes): go to System Settings > Themes.
- If you use Enlightenment: go to Settings > All > Look > Application Theme.
- If you use GNOME, use GNOME Tweaks (gnome-tweaks): install gnome-tweaks.
- If you use MATE, use the Appearance Preferences tool (mate-appearance-properties): go to System > Settings > Appearance.
- If you use Xfce, use the Appearance tool: go to Settings > Appearance.

Other GUI tools generally overwrite the configuration files.

Both GTK+ 2 and GTK+ 3 are supported:

- KDE GTK Configurator — Application that allows you to change style and font of GTK+ 2 and Gtk+ 3 applications.

  https://cgit.kde.org/kde-gtk-config.git || kde-gtk-config
  After installation, `kde-gtk-config` can also be found in System Settings > Application Style > GTK.

- LXAppearance — Desktop independent GTK+ 2 and GTK+ 3 style configuration tool from the LXDE project (it does not require other parts of the LXDE desktop).

  http://wiki.lxde.org/en/LXAppearance || lxappearance

- Oo-mox — Graphical application for generating different color variations of Numix and Flat-Plat themes (GTK+ 2 and 3), Archdroid and Gnome-Colors icon themes. Also allows generating pre-scaled GTK+ 2 themes for HiDPI displays.

  https://github.com/actionless/oomox || oomoxAUR

Only GTK+ 2 is supported:

- GTK+ Change Theme — Little program that lets you change your GTK+ 2.0 theme (considered a better alternative to switch2).

  http://plasmasturm.org/code/gtk-chtheme/ || gtk-chtheme

- GTK+ Preference Tool — GTK+ theme selector and font switcher.

  http://gtk-win.sourceforge.net/home/index.php/Main/GTKPreferenceTool || gtk2_prefsAUR

- GTK+ Theme Switch — Simple GTK+ theme switcher.

  http://muhri.net/nav.php3?node=gts || gtk-theme-switch2

## Configuration

GTK+ settings can be specified manually in configuration files, but desktop environments and applications can override these settings. Depending on GTK+ version, these files are located at:

- GTK+ 2 user specific: `~/.gtkrc-2.0`
- GTK+ 2 system wide: `/etc/gtk-2.0/gtkrc`
- GTK+ 3 user specific: `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/gtk-3.0/settings.ini`, or `$HOME/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini` if `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` is not set
- GTK+ 3 system wide: `/etc/gtk-3.0/settings.ini`

Note:

- See the GTK+ 3 GtkSettings properties (and GTK+ 2 properties) in the GTK+ programming reference manual for the full list of currently supported GTK+ configuration options.
- Some of the settings described below (such as `gtk-icon-sizes`) are deprecated and ignored since GTK+ 3.10.
- If you edit your GTK+ configuration files, only newly started applications will display the changes.

### Basic theme configuration

To manually change the GTK+ theme, icons, font and font size, add the following to the configuration files, for example:

GTK+ 2:

    ~/.gtkrc-2.0

    gtk-icon-theme-name = "Adwaita"
    gtk-theme-name = "Adwaita"
    gtk-font-name = "DejaVu Sans 11"

GTK+ 3:

    $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

    [Settings]
    gtk-icon-theme-name = Adwaita
    gtk-theme-name = Adwaita
    gtk-font-name = DejaVu Sans 11

Note: The icon theme name is the name defined in the theme's index file, not the name of its directory.

### Dark theme variant

Some GTK+ 3 themes contain a dark theme variant, but it's only used by default when the application requests it explicitly. To use dark theme variant with all GTK+ 3 applications, set:

    gtk-application-prefer-dark-theme = true

### Keyboard shortcuts

Keyboard shortcuts (otherwise known as accelerators in GTK+) may be changed by hovering the mouse over the respective menu item, and pressing the desired key combination. To enable this feature, set:

    gtk-can-change-accels = 1

#### Emacs keybindings

To get Emacs-like keybindings in gtk apps:

For GTK2, add `gtk-key-theme-name = "Emacs"` to `~/.gtkrc-2.0`.

For GTK3 add the following to the noted file:

    ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

    [Settings]
    gtk-key-theme-name = Emacs

Then run:

    $ gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.interface gtk-key-theme "Emacs"

XFCE has a similar setting:

    $ xfconf-query -c xsettings -p /Gtk/KeyThemeName -s Emacs

The config files in `/usr/share/themes/Emacs/` determine what the Emacs bindings are, and can be changed. Copying sections to the users `~/.gtkrc-2.0` file allows for changes on a per user basis.

### GNOME menu delay

This setting controls the delay between pointing the mouse at a menu and that menu opening. This delay is measured in milliseconds.

    gtk-menu-popup-delay = 0

### Reduce widget sizes

If you have a small screen or you just do not like big icons and widgets, you can resize things easily.

To have icons without text in toolbars (valid values), use

    gtk-toolbar-style = GTK_TOOLBAR_ICONS

To use smaller icons, use a line like this:

    gtk-icon-sizes = "panel-menu=16,16:panel=16,16:gtk-menu=16,16:gtk-large-toolbar=16,16\
    :gtk-small-toolbar=16,16:gtk-button=16,16"

Or to remove icons from buttons completely:

    gtk-button-images = 0

You can also remove icons from menus:

    gtk-menu-images = 0

See also [1] and [2].

### Hide CSD buttons

To remove the minimize and maximize buttons. [3]

    gtk-decoration-layout=menu:close

### Disable mouse paste

To turn off pasting on middle mouse button click (aka PRIMARY):

    gtk-enable-primary-paste=false

### File-Chooser Startup-Location

Open the file-chooser within the current-working-directory and not the recent location. Normally the current-working-directory is home-directory.

GTK+ 3

Modify DConf with gsettings, as the database file ($XDG_CONFIG_HOME/dconf/users) is binary:

    $ gsettings set org.gtk.Settings.FileChooser startup-mode cwd

GTK+ 2

Modify `~/.config/gtk-2.0/gtkfilechooser.ini` configuration file:

    ~/.config/gtk-2.0/gtkfilechooser.ini

    StartupMode=cwd

### Legacy scrolling behavior

Note: This setting is not obeyed by all GTK+ applications.
Tip: Legacy scrolling behaviour can be achieved reliably simply by using right click instead of left click.

Prior to GTK+ 3.6, clicking on either side of the slider in the scrollbar would move the scrollbar in the direction of the click by approximately one page. Since GTK+ 3.6, the slider will move directly to the position of the click. This behaviour can be reverted in some applications by creating the file with the content below:

    ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

    [Settings]
    gtk-primary-button-warps-slider = false

### Disable overlay scrollbars

Since GTK+ 3.15, overlay scrollbars are enabled by default, meaning that scrollbars will be shown only on mouseover in GTK+ 3 applications. This behavior can be reverted by setting the following environment variable: `GTK_OVERLAY_SCROLLING=0`. See Environment variables#Graphical applications.

GTK+ 4 will no longer support `GTK_OVERLAY_SCROLLING`. It has already been dropped from master. As of GTK+ 4, the overlay nature of the scrollbars is part of the toolkit. The blanket toggle has been removed to prevent developers from breaking applications that haven't been tested with both combinations. To allow application developers to decide what their applications should look like, the toolkit instead provides a mechanism to opt-out or add a setting for users. The function gtk_scrolled_window_set_overlay_scrolling() can be used to enable/disable overlay scrolling on a per-application basis. Application developers can optionally use GSettings to have a user setting bound to the property.

#### Remove overlay scroll indicators

The positions of the overlay scrollbars are indicated by thin dashed lines in the application window. These dashed lines will be present even when overlay scrolling is disabled using the environment variable discussed in the section above. To remove the indicator lines, create the following file:

    ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css

    /* Remove dotted lines from GTK+ 3 applications */
    undershoot.top, undershoot.right, undershoot.bottom, undershoot.left { background-image: none; }

## GDK backends

GDK (the underlying abstraction layer of GTK+) supports multiple backends to display GTK+ applications. The default backend is x11.

### Broadway backend

The GDK Broadway backend provides support for displaying GTK+ applications in a web browser, using HTML5 and web sockets. [4]

When using broadwayd, specify the display number to use, prefixed with a colon, similar to X. The default display number is 1.

    $ display_number=:5

Start it.

    $ broadwayd $display_number

Port Used on default

    port = 8080 + $display_number

Point your browser to http://127.0.0.1:port

To Start apps

    $ GDK_BACKEND=broadway BROADWAY_DISPLAY=$display_number <<app>>

Alternatively can set address and port

    $ broadwayd --port $port_number --address $address $display_number

### Wayland backend

The GDK Wayland backend can be enabled by setting the `GDK_BACKEND=wayland` environment variable.

Tip: To disable GTK window decorations in Wayland, install the gtk3-optional-csdAUR package and set the environment variable `GTK_CSD=0`.

## Troubleshooting

### Different themes between GTK+ 2 and GTK+ 3 applications

In general, if a selected theme has support for both GTK+ 2 and GTK+ 3, the theme will be applied to all GTK+ 2 and GTK+ 3 applications. If a selected theme has support for only GTK+ 2, it will be used for GTK+ 2 applications and the default GTK+ theme will be used for GTK+ 3 applications. If the selected theme has support for only GTK+ 3, it will be used for GTK+ 3 applications and the default GTK+ theme will be used for GTK+ 2 applications. Thus for application theme consistency, it is best to use a theme which has support for both GTK+ 2 and GTK+ 3.

You could find what themes installed on your system have both an GTK+ 2 and GTK+ 3 version by using this command (does not work with names containing spaces):

    find $(find ~/.themes /usr/share/themes/ -wholename "*/gtk-3.0" | sed -e "s/^\(.*\)\/gtk-3.0$/\1/") -wholename "*/gtk-2.0" | sed -e "s/.*\/\(.*\)\/gtk-2.0/\1"/

### Theme not applied to root applications

As user theme files (`$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/gtk-3.0/settings.ini`, `~/.gtkrc-2.0`) are not read by other accounts, the selected theme will not apply to X applications run as root. Possible solutions include:

- Create symlinks, e.g

    # ln -s /home/[username]/.gtkrc-2.0 /etc/gtk-2.0/gtkrc
    # ln -s /home/[username]/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini /etc/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

- Configure system-wide theme files: `/etc/gtk-3.0/settings.ini` (GTK+ 3) or `/etc/gtk-2.0/gtkrc` (GTK+ 2)
- Adjust the theme as root

    # sudo lxappearance

- Use a settings daemon (this is what most desktop environments do). A desktop-agnostic variant using XSettings is available in the AUR under xsettingsd-gitAUR.

### Client-side decorations

GTK 3.12 introduced client-side decorations, which move the title-bar away from the window manager. This may present issues such as double title-bars, no title-bar at all or double shadows with compositing enabled.

To remove the shadow and gap around windows (for example in combination with a tiling window manager), create the following file:

    ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css

    .window-frame, .window-frame:backdrop {
     box-shadow: 0 0 0 black;
     border-style: none;
     margin: 0;
     border-radius: 0;
    }

    .titlebar {
     border-radius: 0;
    }

    .window-frame.csd.popup {
      box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.13);
    }

    .header-bar {
      background-image: none;
      background-color: #ededed;
      box-shadow: none;
    }
    /* You may want to use this if you don't like the double title.
    GtkLabel.title {
        opacity: 0;
    }*/

To adjust the buttons in the header bar, use the `gtk-decoration-layout` setting. [5] The below examples removes all buttons:

    ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

    gtk-decoration-layout=menu:

### cedilla ç/Ç instead of ć/Ć

See [6], and [7] for a workaround using Xcompose (US international layout).

### Suppress warning about accessibility bus

If you do not use any Gnome Accessibility features, you may receive warnings like:

    WARNING **: Couldn't connect to accessibility bus:

To suppress these warnings, execute programs with `NO_AT_BRIDGE=1` or set that as a global environment variable.

### Titlebar background color mismatch

If you are using a window manager which uses a window decoration theme that mimics the GTK+ theme background color, you may find that the titlebar color no longer completely matches the application color in some GTK+ 3 applications. As a workaround, create the following file:

    ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css

    /* Always use background color */
    GtkWindow {
        background-color: @theme_bg_color;
    }

    /* Fix tooltip background override */
    .tooltip {
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
    }

    .tooltip * {
        background-color: transparent;
    }

    /* Fix Nautilus desktop window background override */
    NautilusWindow {
         background-color: transparent;
    }

### Wrong focus events with tiling window managers

Note: This disables touchscreen support for GTK3 applications. [8]

Define `GDK_CORE_DEVICE_EVENTS=1` to use GTK2 style input, instead of xinput2. [9]

### Thumbnail support for GTK+ 2 file dialog

Install gtk2-patched-filechooser-icon-viewAUR to have the option to view files as thumbnails instead of list in the GTK+ file chooser.

### Button/menu icons in some apps in GNOME Wayland session

Your `~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini` file is misconfigured. This can happend if you try other GTK+ based desktop environments. These are the offending values:

    ~/.config/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

    [Settings]
    gtk-button-images=1
    gtk-menu-images=1

Simply set them to 0 or remove the whole file to use GNOME defaults.

### GTK+ 3 without polkit

GTK+3 depends on polkit through colord, which is required for printing. However printing works fine without polkit installed; at least with a monochrome printer and package versions gtk3-print-backends=3.22.19-2 and colord=1.4.1-1.

### Some GTK+ 2 themes only change the UI color palette

Depending on the theme of choice's support for GTK+ 2, UI controls may still have the default Raleigh appearance, possibly with a different color palette. This is due to these themes requiring the GTK+ 2 Murrine engine, which is missing (GTK+ 2 programs should complain about it on their standard error output). Install the gtk-engine-murrine package.

## Examples

GTK+ 2 configuration example:

    ~/.gtkrc-2.0

    # GTK theme
    include "/usr/share/themes/Clearlooks/gtk-2.0/gtkrc"

    # Font
    style "myfont" {
        font_name = "DejaVu Sans 8"
    }
    widget_class "*" style "myfont"
    gtk-font-name = "DejaVu Sans 8"

    # Icon theme
    gtk-icon-theme-name = "Tango"

    # Toolbar style
    gtk-toolbar-style = GTK_TOOLBAR_ICONS

GTK+ 3 example of a configuration as converted from GTK+ 2.x to GTK+ 3.x by lxappearance:

    $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/gtk-3.0/settings.ini

    [Settings]
    gtk-theme-name=TraditionalOk
    gtk-icon-theme-name=Fog
    gtk-font-name=Luxi Sans 12
    gtk-cursor-theme-name=mate
    gtk-cursor-theme-size=24
    gtk-toolbar-style=GTK_TOOLBAR_BOTH_HORIZ
    gtk-toolbar-icon-size=GTK_ICON_SIZE_LARGE_TOOLBAR
    gtk-button-images=1
    gtk-menu-images=1
    gtk-enable-event-sounds=0
    gtk-enable-input-feedback-sounds=0
    gtk-xft-antialias=1
    gtk-xft-hinting=1
    gtk-xft-hintstyle=hintslight
    gtk-xft-rgba=rgb

## See also

- The official GTK+ website
- Wikipedia article about GTK+
- GTK+ 2.0 Tutorial
- GTK+ 3 Reference Manual
- gtkmm Tutorial
- gtkmm Reference Manual

Category:

- Widget toolkits