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 NAME     
 |  |  |  | xd – hex, octal, decimal, or ASCII dump 
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 SYNOPSIS     
 |  |  |  | xd [ option ... ] [ −format ... ] [ file ... ] 
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 DESCRIPTION     
 |  |  |  | Xd concatenates and dumps the files (standard input by default)
    in one or more formats. Groups of 16 bytes are printed in each
    of the named formats, one format per line. Each line of output
    is prefixed by its address (byte offset) in the input file. The
    first line of output for each group is zero-padded; subsequent
    are blank-padded. 
    
    
    Formats other than −c are specified by pairs of characters telling
    size and style, 4x by default. The sizes are 1 or b1-byte units.
 2 or w2-byte big-endian units.
 4 or l4-byte big-endian units.
 8 or v8-byte big-endian units. 
    
    
    The styles are
 o     Octal.
 x     Hexadecimal.
 d     Decimal. 
    
    
    Other options are
 −c     Format as 1x but print ASCII representations or C escape sequences
    where possible.
 −astyle   Print file addresses in the given style (and size 4).
 −u     (Unbuffered) Flush the output buffer after each 16-byte sequence.
 −s     Reverse (swab) the order of bytes in each group of 4 before
    printing.
 −S     Reverse the order of bytes in each group of 8 before printing.
 −r     Print repeating groups of identical 16-byte sequences as the
    first group followed by an asterisk.
 
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 SOURCE     
 SEE ALSO     
 BUGS     
 |  |  |  | The various output formats don’t line up properly in the output
    of xd. 
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