GstVideoOverlay: GStreamer Base Plugins Library Reference Manual

## GstVideoOverlay GstVideoOverlay — Interface for setting/getting a window system resource on elements supporting it to configure a window into which to render a video. |

## Functions

void | gst_video_overlay_got_window_handle ()
void | gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle ()
void | gst_video_overlay_prepare_window_handle ()
void | gst_video_overlay_expose ()
void | gst_video_overlay_handle_events ()
gboolean | gst_video_overlay_set_render_rectangle ()
gboolean | gst_is_video_overlay_prepare_window_handle_message ()
void | gst_video_overlay_install_properties ()
gboolean | gst_video_overlay_set_property ()

## Types and Values

| GstVideoOverlay
struct | GstVideoOverlayInterface

## Object Hierarchy

        GInterface
        ╰── GstVideoOverlay

## Includes

    #include <gst/video/video.h>

## Description

The GstVideoOverlay interface is used for 2 main purposes :

- To get a grab on the Window where the video sink element is going to render. This is achieved by either being informed about the Window identifier that the video sink element generated, or by forcing the video sink element to use a specific Window identifier for rendering.

- To force a redrawing of the latest video frame the video sink element displayed on the Window. Indeed if the GstPipeline is in GST_STATE_PAUSED state, moving the Window around will damage its content. Application developers will want to handle the Expose events themselves and force the video sink element to refresh the Window's content.

Using the Window created by the video sink is probably the simplest scenario, in some cases, though, it might not be flexible enough for application developers if they need to catch events such as mouse moves and button clicks.

Setting a specific Window identifier on the video sink element is the most flexible solution but it has some issues. Indeed the application needs to set its Window identifier at the right time to avoid internal Window creation from the video sink element. To solve this issue a GstMessage is posted on the bus to inform the application that it should set the Window identifier immediately. Here is an example on how to do that correctly:

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    static GstBusSyncReply
    create_window (GstBus * bus, GstMessage * message, GstPipeline * pipeline)
    {
     // ignore anything but 'prepare-window-handle' element messages
     if (!gst_is_video_overlay_prepare_window_handle_message (message))
       return GST_BUS_PASS;

     win = XCreateSimpleWindow (disp, root, 0, 0, 320, 240, 0, 0, 0);

     XSetWindowBackgroundPixmap (disp, win, None);

     XMapRaised (disp, win);

     XSync (disp, FALSE);

     gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle (GST_VIDEO_OVERLAY (GST_MESSAGE_SRC (message)),
         win);

     gst_message_unref (message);

     return GST_BUS_DROP;
    }
    ...
    int
    main (int argc, char **argv)
    {
    ...
     bus = gst_pipeline_get_bus (GST_PIPELINE (pipeline));
     gst_bus_set_sync_handler (bus, (GstBusSyncHandler) create_window, pipeline,
            NULL);
    ...
    }

#### Two basic usage scenarios

There are two basic usage scenarios: in the simplest case, the application uses playbin or plasink or knows exactly what particular element is used for video output, which is usually the case when the application creates the videosink to use (e.g. xvimagesink, ximagesink, etc.) itself; in this case, the application can just create the videosink element, create and realize the window to render the video on and then call `gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle()` directly with the XID or native window handle, before starting up the pipeline. As playbin and playsink implement the video overlay interface and proxy it transparently to the actual video sink even if it is created later, this case also applies when using these elements.

In the other and more common case, the application does not know in advance what GStreamer video sink element will be used for video output. This is usually the case when an element such as autovideosink is used. In this case, the video sink element itself is created asynchronously from a GStreamer streaming thread some time after the pipeline has been started up. When that happens, however, the video sink will need to know right then whether to render onto an already existing application window or whether to create its own window. This is when it posts a prepare-window-handle message, and that is also why this message needs to be handled in a sync bus handler which will be called from the streaming thread directly (because the video sink will need an answer right then).

As response to the prepare-window-handle element message in the bus sync handler, the application may use `gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle()` to tell the video sink to render onto an existing window surface. At this point the application should already have obtained the window handle / XID, so it just needs to set it. It is generally not advisable to call any GUI toolkit functions or window system functions from the streaming thread in which the prepare-window-handle message is handled, because most GUI toolkits and windowing systems are not thread-safe at all and a lot of care would be required to co-ordinate the toolkit and window system calls of the different threads (Gtk+ users please note: prior to Gtk+ 2.18 `GDK_WINDOW_XID()` was just a simple structure access, so generally fine to do within the bus sync handler; this macro was changed to a function call in Gtk+ 2.18 and later, which is likely to cause problems when called from a sync handler; see below for a better approach without `GDK_WINDOW_XID()` used in the callback).

#### GstVideoOverlay and Gtk+

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    #include <gst/video/videooverlay.h>
    #include <gtk/gtk.h>
    #ifdef GDK_WINDOWING_X11
    #include <gdk/gdkx.h>  // for GDK_WINDOW_XID
    #endif
    #ifdef GDK_WINDOWING_WIN32
    #include <gdk/gdkwin32.h>  // for GDK_WINDOW_HWND
    #endif
    ...
    static guintptr video_window_handle = 0;
    ...
    static GstBusSyncReply
    bus_sync_handler (GstBus * bus, GstMessage * message, gpointer user_data)
    {
     // ignore anything but 'prepare-window-handle' element messages
     if (!gst_is_video_overlay_prepare_window_handle_message (message))
       return GST_BUS_PASS;

     if (video_window_handle != 0) {
       GstVideoOverlay *overlay;

       // GST_MESSAGE_SRC (message) will be the video sink element
       overlay = GST_VIDEO_OVERLAY (GST_MESSAGE_SRC (message));
       gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle (overlay, video_window_handle);
     } else {
       g_warning ("Should have obtained video_window_handle by now!");
     }

     gst_message_unref (message);
     return GST_BUS_DROP;
    }
    ...
    static void
    video_widget_realize_cb (GtkWidget * widget, gpointer data)
    {
    #if GTK_CHECK_VERSION(2,18,0)
      // Tell Gtk+/Gdk to create a native window for this widget instead of
      // drawing onto the parent widget.
      // This is here just for pedagogical purposes, GDK_WINDOW_XID will call
      // it as well in newer Gtk versions
      if (!gdk_window_ensure_native (widget->window))
        g_error ("Couldn't create native window needed for GstVideoOverlay!");
    #endif

    #ifdef GDK_WINDOWING_X11
      {
        gulong xid = GDK_WINDOW_XID (gtk_widget_get_window (video_window));
        video_window_handle = xid;
      }
    #endif
    #ifdef GDK_WINDOWING_WIN32
      {
        HWND wnd = GDK_WINDOW_HWND (gtk_widget_get_window (video_window));
        video_window_handle = (guintptr) wnd;
      }
    #endif
    }
    ...
    int
    main (int argc, char **argv)
    {
      GtkWidget *video_window;
      GtkWidget *app_window;
      ...
      app_window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
      ...
      video_window = gtk_drawing_area_new ();
      g_signal_connect (video_window, "realize",
          G_CALLBACK (video_widget_realize_cb), NULL);
      gtk_widget_set_double_buffered (video_window, FALSE);
      ...
      // usually the video_window will not be directly embedded into the
      // application window like this, but there will be many other widgets
      // and the video window will be embedded in one of them instead
      gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (ap_window), video_window);
      ...
      // show the GUI
      gtk_widget_show_all (app_window);

      // realize window now so that the video window gets created and we can
      // obtain its XID/HWND before the pipeline is started up and the videosink
      // asks for the XID/HWND of the window to render onto
      gtk_widget_realize (video_window);

      // we should have the XID/HWND now
      g_assert (video_window_handle != 0);
      ...
      // set up sync handler for setting the xid once the pipeline is started
      bus = gst_pipeline_get_bus (GST_PIPELINE (pipeline));
      gst_bus_set_sync_handler (bus, (GstBusSyncHandler) bus_sync_handler, NULL,
          NULL);
      gst_object_unref (bus);
      ...
      gst_element_set_state (pipeline, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
      ...
    }

#### GstVideoOverlay and Qt

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    #include <glib.h>
    #include <gst/gst.h>
    #include <gst/video/videooverlay.h>

    #include <QApplication>
    #include <QTimer>
    #include <QWidget>

    int main(int argc, char *argv[])
    {
      if (!g_thread_supported ())
        g_thread_init (NULL);

      gst_init (&argc, &argv);
      QApplication app(argc, argv);
      app.connect(&app, SIGNAL(lastWindowClosed()), &app, SLOT(quit ()));

      // prepare the pipeline

      GstElement *pipeline = gst_pipeline_new ("xvoverlay");
      GstElement *src = gst_element_factory_make ("videotestsrc", NULL);
      GstElement *sink = gst_element_factory_make ("xvimagesink", NULL);
      gst_bin_add_many (GST_BIN (pipeline), src, sink, NULL);
      gst_element_link (src, sink);

      // prepare the ui

      QWidget window;
      window.resize(320, 240);
      window.show();

      WId xwinid = window.winId();
      gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle (GST_VIDEO_OVERLAY (sink), xwinid);

      // run the pipeline

      GstStateChangeReturn sret = gst_element_set_state (pipeline,
          GST_STATE_PLAYING);
      if (sret == GST_STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE) {
        gst_element_set_state (pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL);
        gst_object_unref (pipeline);
        // Exit application
        QTimer::singleShot(0, QApplication::activeWindow(), SLOT(quit()));
      }

      int ret = app.exec();

      window.hide();
      gst_element_set_state (pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL);
      gst_object_unref (pipeline);

      return ret;
    }

## Functions

### gst_video_overlay_got_window_handle ()

    void
    gst_video_overlay_got_window_handle (GstVideoOverlay *overlay,
                                         guintptr handle);

This will post a "have-window-handle" element message on the bus.

This function should only be used by video overlay plugin developers.

#### Parameters

overlay | a GstVideoOverlay which got a window |
handle | a platform-specific handle referencing the window |

### gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle ()

    void
    gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle (GstVideoOverlay *overlay,
                                         guintptr handle);

This will call the video overlay's set_window_handle method. You should use this method to tell to an overlay to display video output to a specific window (e.g. an XWindow on X11). Passing 0 as the `handle` will tell the overlay to stop using that window and create an internal one.

#### Parameters

overlay | a GstVideoOverlay to set the window on. |
handle | a handle referencing the window. |

### gst_video_overlay_prepare_window_handle ()

    void
    gst_video_overlay_prepare_window_handle
                                   (GstVideoOverlay *overlay);

This will post a "prepare-window-handle" element message on the bus to give applications an opportunity to call `gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle()` before a plugin creates its own window.

This function should only be used by video overlay plugin developers.

#### Parameters

overlay | a GstVideoOverlay which does not yet have an Window handle set |

### gst_video_overlay_expose ()

    void
    gst_video_overlay_expose (GstVideoOverlay *overlay);

Tell an overlay that it has been exposed. This will redraw the current frame in the drawable even if the pipeline is PAUSED.

#### Parameters

overlay | a GstVideoOverlay to expose. |

### gst_video_overlay_handle_events ()

    void
    gst_video_overlay_handle_events (GstVideoOverlay *overlay,
                                     gboolean handle_events);

Tell an overlay that it should handle events from the window system. These events are forwarded upstream as navigation events. In some window system, events are not propagated in the window hierarchy if a client is listening for them. This method allows you to disable events handling completely from the GstVideoOverlay.

#### Parameters

overlay | a GstVideoOverlay to expose. |
handle_events | a gboolean indicating if events should be handled or not. |

### gst_video_overlay_set_render_rectangle ()

    gboolean
    gst_video_overlay_set_render_rectangle
                                   (GstVideoOverlay *overlay,
                                    gint x,
                                    gint y,
                                    gint width,
                                    gint height);

Configure a subregion as a video target within the window set by `gst_video_overlay_set_window_handle()`. If this is not used or not supported the video will fill the area of the window set as the overlay to 100%. By specifying the rectangle, the video can be overlayed to a specific region of that window only. After setting the new rectangle one should call `gst_video_overlay_expose()` to force a redraw. To unset the region pass -1 for the `width` and `height` parameters.

This method is needed for non fullscreen video overlay in UI toolkits that do not support subwindows.

#### Parameters

overlay | a GstVideoOverlay |
x | the horizontal offset of the render area inside the window |
y | the vertical offset of the render area inside the window |
width | the width of the render area inside the window |
height | the height of the render area inside the window |

#### Returns

`FALSE` if not supported by the sink.

### gst_is_video_overlay_prepare_window_handle_message ()

    gboolean
    gst_is_video_overlay_prepare_window_handle_message
                                   (GstMessage *msg);

Convenience function to check if the given message is a "prepare-window-handle" message from a GstVideoOverlay.

#### Parameters

msg | a GstMessage |

#### Returns

whether `msg` is a "prepare-window-handle" message

### gst_video_overlay_install_properties ()

    void
    gst_video_overlay_install_properties (GObjectClass *oclass,
                                          gint last_prop_id);

This helper shall be used by classes implementing the GstVideoOverlay interface that want the render rectangle to be controllable using properties. This helper will install "render-rectangle" property into the class.

Since 1.14

#### Parameters

oclass | The class on which the properties will be installed |
last_prop_id | The first free property ID to use |

### gst_video_overlay_set_property ()

    gboolean
    gst_video_overlay_set_property (GObject *object,
                                    gint last_prop_id,
                                    guint property_id,
                                    const GValue *value);

This helper shall be used by classes implementing the GstVideoOverlay interface that want the render rectangle to be controllable using properties. This helper will parse and set the render rectangle calling `gst_video_overlay_set_render_rectangle()`.

#### Parameters

object | The instance on which the property is set |
last_prop_id | The highest property ID. |
property_id | The property ID |
value | The GValue to be set |

#### Returns

`TRUE` if the `property_id` matches the GstVideoOverlay property

Since 1.14

## Types and Values

### GstVideoOverlay

    typedef struct _GstVideoOverlay GstVideoOverlay;

Opaque GstVideoOverlay interface structure

### struct GstVideoOverlayInterface

    struct GstVideoOverlayInterface {
      GTypeInterface iface;

      /* virtual functions */
      void (*expose)               (GstVideoOverlay *overlay);

      void (*handle_events)        (GstVideoOverlay *overlay, gboolean handle_events);

      void (*set_render_rectangle) (GstVideoOverlay *overlay,
                                    gint x, gint y,
                                    gint width, gint height);

      void (*set_window_handle)    (GstVideoOverlay *overlay, guintptr handle);
    };

GstVideoOverlay interface

#### Members

GTypeInterface `iface`; | parent interface type. |
`expose` () | virtual method to handle expose events |
`handle_events` () | virtual method to handle events |
`set_render_rectangle` () | virtual method to set the render rectangle |
`set_window_handle` () | virtual method to configure the window handle |