test - The Cargo Book

# cargo test

## NAME

cargo-test - Execute unit and integration tests of a package

## SYNOPSIS

`cargo test [OPTIONS] [TESTNAME] [-- TEST-OPTIONS]`

## DESCRIPTION

Compile and execute unit and integration tests.

The test filtering argument `TESTNAME` and all the arguments following the two dashes (`--`) are passed to the test binaries and thus to libtest (rustc’s built in unit-test and micro-benchmarking framework). If you’re passing arguments to both Cargo and the binary, the ones after `--` go to the binary, the ones before go to Cargo. For details about libtest’s arguments see the output of `cargo test — --help`. As an example, this will run all tests with `foo` in their name on 3 threads in parallel:

    cargo test foo -- --test-threads 3

Tests are built with the `--test` option to `rustc` which creates an executable with a `main` function that automatically runs all functions annotated with the `#[test]` attribute in multiple threads. `#[bench]` annotated functions will also be run with one iteration to verify that they are functional.

The libtest harness may be disabled by setting `harness = false` in the target manifest settings, in which case your code will need to provide its own `main` function to handle running tests.

Documentation tests are also run by default, which is handled by `rustdoc`. It extracts code samples from documentation comments and executes them. See the rustdoc book for more information on writing doc tests.

## OPTIONS

### Test Options

--no-run

  Compile, but don’t run tests.

--no-fail-fast

  Run all tests regardless of failure. Without this flag, Cargo will exit after the first executable fails. The Rust test harness will run all tests within the executable to completion, this flag only applies to the executable as a whole.

### Package Selection

By default, when no package selection options are given, the packages selected depend on the current working directory. In the root of a virtual workspace, all workspace members are selected (`--all` is implied). Otherwise, only the package in the current directory will be selected. The default packages may be overridden with the `workspace.default-members` key in the root `Cargo.toml` manifest.

-p SPEC…​
--package SPEC…​

  Test only the specified packages. See cargo-pkgid(1) for the SPEC format. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--all

  Test all members in the workspace.

--exclude SPEC…​

  Exclude the specified packages. Must be used in conjunction with the `--all` flag. This flag may be specified multiple times.

### Target Selection

When no target selection options are given, `cargo test` will build the following targets of the selected packages:

- lib — used to link with binaries, examples, integration tests, and doc tests

- bins (only if integration tests are built and required features are available)

- examples — to ensure they compile

- lib as a unit test

- bins as unit tests

- integration tests

- doc tests for the lib target

The default behavior can be changed by setting the `test` flag for the target in the manifest settings. Setting examples to `test = true` will build and run the example as a test. Setting targets to `test = false` will stop them from being tested by default. Target selection options that take a target by name ignore the `test` flag and will always test the given target.

Doc tests for libraries may be disabled by setting `doctest = false` for the library in the manifest.

Passing target selection flags will test only the specified targets.

--lib

  Test the package’s library.

--bin NAME…​

  Test the specified binary. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--bins

  Test all binary targets.

--example NAME…​

  Test the specified example. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--examples

  Test all example targets.

--test NAME…​

  Test the specified integration test. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--tests

  Test all targets in test mode that have the `test = true` manifest flag set. By default this includes the library and binaries built as unittests, and integration tests. Be aware that this will also build any required dependencies, so the lib target may be built twice (once as a unittest, and once as a dependency for binaries, integration tests, etc.). Targets may be enabled or disabled by setting the `test` flag in the manifest settings for the target.

--bench NAME…​

  Test the specified benchmark. This flag may be specified multiple times.

--benches

  Test all targets in benchmark mode that have the `bench = true` manifest flag set. By default this includes the library and binaries built as benchmarks, and bench targets. Be aware that this will also build any required dependencies, so the lib target may be built twice (once as a benchmark, and once as a dependency for binaries, benchmarks, etc.). Targets may be enabled or disabled by setting the `bench` flag in the manifest settings for the target.

--all-targets

  Test all targets. This is equivalent to specifying `--lib --bins --tests --benches --examples`.

--doc

  Test only the library’s documentation. This cannot be mixed with other target options.

### Feature Selection

When no feature options are given, the `default` feature is activated for every selected package.

--features FEATURES

  Space or comma separated list of features to activate. These features only apply to the current directory’s package. Features of direct dependencies may be enabled with `<dep-name>/<feature-name>` syntax.

--all-features

  Activate all available features of all selected packages.

--no-default-features

  Do not activate the `default` feature of the current directory’s package.

### Compilation Options

--target TRIPLE

  Test for the given architecture. The default is the host architecture. The general format of the triple is `<arch><sub>-<vendor>-<sys>-<abi>`. Run `rustc --print target-list` for a list of supported targets.

  This may also be specified with the `build.target` config value.

--release

  Test optimized artifacts with the `release` profile. See the PROFILES section for details on how this affects profile selection.

### Output Options

--target-dir DIRECTORY

  Directory for all generated artifacts and intermediate files. May also be specified with the `CARGO_TARGET_DIR` environment variable, or the `build.target-dir` config value. Defaults to `target` in the root of the workspace.

### Display Options

By default the Rust test harness hides output from test execution to keep results readable. Test output can be recovered (e.g., for debugging) by passing `--nocapture` to the test binaries:

    cargo test -- --nocapture

-v
--verbose

  Use verbose output. May be specified twice for "very verbose" output which includes extra output such as dependency warnings and build script output. May also be specified with the `term.verbose` config value.

-q
--quiet

  No output printed to stdout.

--color WHEN

  Control when colored output is used. Valid values:

  - `auto` (default): Automatically detect if color support is available on the terminal.

  - `always`: Always display colors.

  - `never`: Never display colors.

  May also be specified with the `term.color` config value.

--message-format FMT

  The output format for diagnostic messages. Valid values:

  - `human` (default): Display in a human-readable text format.

  - `json`: Emit JSON messages to stdout.

  - `short`: Emit shorter, human-readable text messages.

### Manifest Options

--manifest-path PATH

  Path to the `Cargo.toml` file. By default, Cargo searches in the current directory or any parent directory for the `Cargo.toml` file.

--frozen
--locked

  Either of these flags requires that the `Cargo.lock` file is up-to-date. If the lock file is missing, or it needs to be updated, Cargo will exit with an error. The `--frozen` flag also prevents Cargo from attempting to access the network to determine if it is out-of-date.

  These may be used in environments where you want to assert that the `Cargo.lock` file is up-to-date (such as a CI build) or want to avoid network access.

### Common Options

-h
--help

  Prints help information.

-Z FLAG…​

  Unstable (nightly-only) flags to Cargo. Run `cargo -Z help` for details.

### Miscellaneous Options

The `--jobs` argument affects the building of the test executable but does not affect how many threads are used when running the tests. The Rust test harness includes an option to control the number of threads used:

    cargo test -j 2 -- --test-threads=2

-j N
--jobs N

  Number of parallel jobs to run. May also be specified with the `build.jobs` config value. Defaults to the number of CPUs.

## PROFILES

Profiles may be used to configure compiler options such as optimization levels and debug settings. See the reference for more details.

Profile selection depends on the target and crate being built. By default the `dev` or `test` profiles are used. If the `--release` flag is given, then the `release` or `bench` profiles are used.

Target | Default Profile | `--release` Profile
--- | --- | ---
lib, bin, example | `dev` | `release`
test, bench, or any target in "test" or "bench" mode | `test` | `bench`

Dependencies use the `dev`/`release` profiles.

Unit tests are separate executable artifacts which use the `test`/`bench` profiles. Example targets are built the same as with `cargo build` (using the `dev`/`release` profiles) unless you are building them with the test harness (by setting `test = true` in the manifest or using the `--example` flag) in which case they use the `test`/`bench` profiles. Library targets are built with the `dev`/`release` profiles when linked to an integration test, binary, or doctest.

## ENVIRONMENT

See the reference for details on environment variables that Cargo reads.

## Exit Status

0

  Cargo succeeded.

101

  Cargo failed to complete.

## EXAMPLES

1. Execute all the unit and integration tests of the current package:

       cargo test

2. Run only a specific test within a specific integration test:

       cargo test --test int_test_name -- modname::test_name

## SEE ALSO

cargo(1), cargo-bench(1)