Nginx configuration — Nextcloud latest Administration Manual latest documentation

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# Nginx configuration

This page covers example Nginx configurations to use with running a Nextcloud server. These configurations examples were originally provided by @josh4trunks and are community-maintained. (Thank you contributors!)

- You need to insert the following code into your Nginx configuration file.
- Adjust server_name, root, ssl_certificate and ssl_certificate_key to suit your needs.
- Make sure your SSL certificates are readable by the server (see nginx HTTP SSL Module documentation).
- `add_header` statements are only taken from the current level and are not cascaded from or to a different level. All necessary `add_header` statements must be defined in each level needed. For better readability it is possible to move common add header statements into a separate file and include that file wherever necessary. However, each `add_header` statement must be written in a single line to prevent connection problems with sync clients.
- Be careful about line breaks if you copy the examples, as long lines may be broken for page formatting.
- Some environments might need a `cgi.fix_pathinfo` set to `1` in their `php.ini`.

## Nextcloud in the webroot of nginx

The following configuration should be used when Nextcloud is placed in the webroot of your nginx installation. In this example it is `/var/www/nextcloud` and it is accessed via `http(s)://cloud.example.com/`

    upstream php-handler {
        server 127.0.0.1:9000;
        #server unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        server_name cloud.example.com;
        # enforce https
        return 301 https://$server_name:443$request_uri;
    }

    server {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
        server_name cloud.example.com;

        # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
        # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
        # NOTE: some settings below might be redundant
        ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.key;

        # Add headers to serve security related headers
        # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
        # topic first.
        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;";
        #
        # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
        # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
        # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
        # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
        # could take several months.
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
        add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
        add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
        add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

        # Path to the root of your installation
        root /var/www/nextcloud;

        location = /robots.txt {
            allow all;
            log_not_found off;
            access_log off;
        }

        # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json last;

        # The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;

        location = /.well-known/carddav {
          return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
        }
        location = /.well-known/caldav {
          return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/remote.php/dav;
        }

        # set max upload size
        client_max_body_size 512M;
        fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

        # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
        gzip on;
        gzip_vary on;
        gzip_comp_level 4;
        gzip_min_length 256;
        gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
        gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;

        # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
        # This module is currently not supported.
        #pagespeed off;

        location / {
            rewrite ^ /index.php$request_uri;
        }

        location ~ ^\/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)\/ {
            deny all;
        }
        location ~ ^\/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
            deny all;
        }

        location ~ ^\/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+)\.php(?:$|\/) {
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(\/.*|)$;
            include fastcgi_params;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
            fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
            # Avoid sending the security headers twice
            fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
            # Enable pretty urls
            fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
            fastcgi_pass php-handler;
            fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
            fastcgi_request_buffering off;
        }

        location ~ ^\/(?:updater|oc[ms]-provider)(?:$|\/) {
            try_files $uri/ =404;
            index index.php;
        }

        # Adding the cache control header for js, css and map files
        # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
        location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif|map)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
            add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
            # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
            # have those duplicated to the ones above)
            # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
            # this topic first.
            #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;";
            #
            # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
            # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
            # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
            # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
            # could take several months.
            add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
            add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
            add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
            add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
            add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
            add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

            # Optional: Don't log access to assets
            access_log off;
        }

        location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
            try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
            # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
            access_log off;
        }
    }

## Nextcloud in a subdir of nginx

The following config should be used when Nextcloud is placed within a subdir of your nginx installation.

    upstream php-handler {
        server 127.0.0.1:9000;
        #server unix:/var/run/php/php7.2-fpm.sock;
    }

    server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        server_name cloud.example.com;
        # enforce https
        return 301 https://$server_name:443$request_uri;
    }

    server {
        listen 443 ssl http2;
        listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
        server_name cloud.example.com;

        # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
        # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
        # NOTE: some settings below might be redundant
        ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.crt;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.key;

        # Add headers to serve security related headers
        # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
        # topic first.
        #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;";
        #
        # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
        # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
        # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
        # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
        # could take several months.
        add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
        add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
        add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
        add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
        add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
        add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

        # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
        fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

        # Path to the root of your installation
        root /var/www;

        location = /robots.txt {
            allow all;
            log_not_found off;
            access_log off;
        }

        # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /nextcloud/public.php?service=host-meta last;
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /nextcloud/public.php?service=host-meta-json last;

        # The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
        # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
        #rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /nextcloud/public.php?service=webfinger last;

        location = /.well-known/carddav {
          return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/nextcloud/remote.php/dav;
        }
        location = /.well-known/caldav {
          return 301 $scheme://$host:$server_port/nextcloud/remote.php/dav;
        }

        location /.well-known/acme-challenge { }

        location ^~ /nextcloud {

            # set max upload size
            client_max_body_size 512M;
            fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

            # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
            gzip on;
            gzip_vary on;
            gzip_comp_level 4;
            gzip_min_length 256;
            gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
            gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;

            # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
            # This module is currently not supported.
            #pagespeed off;

            location /nextcloud {
                rewrite ^ /nextcloud/index.php$request_uri;
            }

            location ~ ^\/nextcloud\/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)\/ {
                deny all;
            }
            location ~ ^\/nextcloud\/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
                deny all;
            }

            location ~ ^\/nextcloud\/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core\/ajax\/update|status|ocs\/v[12]|updater\/.+|oc[ms]-provider\/.+)\.php(?:$|\/) {
                fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(\/.*|)$;
                include fastcgi_params;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
                fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
                # Avoid sending the security headers twice
                fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
                # Enable pretty urls
                fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
                fastcgi_pass php-handler;
                fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
                fastcgi_request_buffering off;
            }

            location ~ ^\/nextcloud\/(?:updater|oc[ms]-provider)(?:$|\/) {
                try_files $uri/ =404;
                index index.php;
            }

            # Adding the cache control header for js, css and map files
            # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
            location ~ ^\/nextcloud\/.+[^\/]\.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif|map)$ {
                try_files $uri /nextcloud/index.php$request_uri;
                add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
                # Add headers to serve security related headers  (It is intended
                # to have those duplicated to the ones above)
                # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read
                # into this topic first.
                #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;";
                #
                # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
                # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
                # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
                # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
                # could take several months.
                add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
                add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
                add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
                add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
                add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
                add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

                # Optional: Don't log access to assets
                access_log off;
            }

            location ~ ^\/nextcloud\/.+[^\/]\.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
                try_files $uri /nextcloud/index.php$request_uri;
                # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
                access_log off;
            }
        }
    }

## Tips and tricks

### Suppressing log messages

If you’re seeing meaningless messages in your logfile, for example `client denied by server configuration: /var/www/data/htaccesstest.txt`, add this section to your nginx configuration to suppress them:

    location = /data/htaccesstest.txt {
      allow all;
      log_not_found off;
      access_log off;
    }

### JavaScript (.js) or CSS (.css) files not served properly

A common issue with custom nginx configs is that JavaScript (.js) or CSS (.css) files are not served properly leading to a 404 (File not found) error on those files and a broken webinterface.

This could be caused by the:

    location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {

block shown above not located below the:

    location ~ \.php(?:$|\/) {

block. Other custom configurations like caching JavaScript (.js) or CSS (.css) files via gzip could also cause such issues.

Another cause of this issue could be not properly including mimetypes in the http block, as shown here.

### Login loop without any clue in access.log, error.log, nor nextcloud.log

If you after fresh installation (Centos 7 with nginx) have problem with first login, you should as first check these files:

    tail /var/www/nextcloud/data/nextcloud.log
    tail /var/log/nginx/access.log
    tail /var/log/nginx/error.log

If you just see some correct requests in access log, but no login happens, you check access rights for php session and wsdlcache directory. Try to check permissions and execute change if needed:

    chown nginx:nginx /var/lib/php/session/
    chown root:nginx /var/lib/php/wsdlcache/
    chown root:nginx /var/lib/php/opcache/

- « SELinux configuration
- Hardening and security guidance »