Erlang -- erl_anno

STDLIB

Reference Manual

Version 3.10

- User's Guide
- Reference Manual
- Release Notes
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### Table of Contents

- STDLIB (App)
- array
  - Top of manual page
  - default/1
  - fix/1
  - foldl/3
  - foldr/3
  - from_list/1
  - from_list/2
  - from_orddict/1
  - from_orddict/2
  - get/2
  - is_array/1
  - is_fix/1
  - map/2
  - new/0
  - new/1
  - new/2
  - relax/1
  - reset/2
  - resize/1
  - resize/2
  - set/3
  - size/1
  - sparse_foldl/3
  - sparse_foldr/3
  - sparse_map/2
  - sparse_size/1
  - sparse_to_list/1
  - sparse_to_orddict/1
  - to_list/1
  - to_orddict/1
- assert.hrl
- base64
  - Top of manual page
  - decode/1
  - decode_to_string/1
  - encode/1
  - encode_to_string/1
  - mime_decode/1
  - mime_decode_to_string/1
- beam_lib
  - Top of manual page
  - all_chunks/1
  - build_module/1
  - chunks/2
  - chunks/3
  - clear_crypto_key_fun/0
  - cmp/2
  - cmp_dirs/2
  - crypto_key_fun/1
  - diff_dirs/2
  - format_error/1
  - info/1
  - md5/1
  - strip/1
  - strip/2
  - strip_files/1
  - strip_files/2
  - strip_release/1
  - strip_release/2
  - version/1
- binary
  - Top of manual page
  - at/2
  - bin_to_list/1
  - bin_to_list/2
  - bin_to_list/3
  - compile_pattern/1
  - copy/1
  - copy/2
  - decode_unsigned/1
  - decode_unsigned/2
  - encode_unsigned/1
  - encode_unsigned/2
  - first/1
  - last/1
  - list_to_bin/1
  - longest_common_prefix/1
  - longest_common_suffix/1
  - match/2
  - match/3
  - matches/2
  - matches/3
  - part/2
  - part/3
  - referenced_byte_size/1
  - replace/3
  - replace/4
  - split/2
  - split/3
- c
  - Top of manual page
  - bt/1
  - c/1
  - c/2
  - c/3
  - cd/1
  - erlangrc/1
  - flush/0
  - help/0
  - i/0
  - i/3
  - l/1
  - lc/1
  - lm/0
  - ls/0
  - ls/1
  - m/0
  - m/1
  - memory/0
  - memory/1
  - mm/0
  - nc/1
  - nc/2
  - ni/0
  - nl/1
  - nregs/0
  - pid/3
  - pwd/0
  - q/0
  - regs/0
  - uptime/0
  - xm/1
  - y/1
  - y/2
- calendar
  - Top of manual page
  - date_to_gregorian_days/1
  - date_to_gregorian_days/3
  - datetime_to_gregorian_seconds/1
  - day_of_the_week/1
  - day_of_the_week/3
  - gregorian_days_to_date/1
  - gregorian_seconds_to_datetime/1
  - is_leap_year/1
  - iso_week_number/0
  - iso_week_number/1
  - last_day_of_the_month/2
  - local_time/0
  - local_time_to_universal_time/1
  - local_time_to_universal_time_dst/1
  - now_to_datetime/1
  - now_to_local_time/1
  - now_to_universal_time/1
  - rfc3339_to_system_time/1
  - rfc3339_to_system_time/2
  - seconds_to_daystime/1
  - seconds_to_time/1
  - system_time_to_local_time/2
  - system_time_to_rfc3339/1
  - system_time_to_rfc3339/2
  - system_time_to_universal_time/2
  - time_difference/2
  - time_to_seconds/1
  - universal_time/0
  - universal_time_to_local_time/1
  - valid_date/1
  - valid_date/3
- dets
  - Top of manual page
  - all/0
  - bchunk/2
  - close/1
  - delete/2
  - delete_all_objects/1
  - delete_object/2
  - first/1
  - foldl/3
  - foldr/3
  - from_ets/2
  - info/1
  - info/2
  - init_table/2
  - init_table/3
  - insert/2
  - insert_new/2
  - is_compatible_bchunk_format/2
  - is_dets_file/1
  - lookup/2
  - match/1
  - match/2
  - match/3
  - match_delete/2
  - match_object/1
  - match_object/2
  - match_object/3
  - member/2
  - next/2
  - open_file/1
  - open_file/2
  - pid2name/1
  - repair_continuation/2
  - safe_fixtable/2
  - select/1
  - select/2
  - select/3
  - select_delete/2
  - slot/2
  - sync/1
  - table/1
  - table/2
  - to_ets/2
  - traverse/2
  - update_counter/3
- dict
  - Top of manual page
  - append/3
  - append_list/3
  - erase/2
  - fetch/2
  - fetch_keys/1
  - filter/2
  - find/2
  - fold/3
  - from_list/1
  - is_empty/1
  - is_key/2
  - map/2
  - merge/3
  - new/0
  - size/1
  - store/3
  - take/2
  - to_list/1
  - update/3
  - update/4
  - update_counter/3
- digraph
  - Top of manual page
  - add_edge/3
  - add_edge/4
  - add_edge/5
  - add_vertex/1
  - add_vertex/2
  - add_vertex/3
  - del_edge/2
  - del_edges/2
  - del_path/3
  - del_vertex/2
  - del_vertices/2
  - delete/1
  - edge/2
  - edges/1
  - edges/2
  - get_cycle/2
  - get_path/3
  - get_short_cycle/2
  - get_short_path/3
  - in_degree/2
  - in_edges/2
  - in_neighbours/2
  - info/1
  - new/0
  - new/1
  - no_edges/1
  - no_vertices/1
  - out_degree/2
  - out_edges/2
  - out_neighbours/2
  - vertex/2
  - vertices/1
- digraph_utils
  - Top of manual page
  - arborescence_root/1
  - components/1
  - condensation/1
  - cyclic_strong_components/1
  - is_acyclic/1
  - is_arborescence/1
  - is_tree/1
  - loop_vertices/1
  - postorder/1
  - preorder/1
  - reachable/2
  - reachable_neighbours/2
  - reaching/2
  - reaching_neighbours/2
  - strong_components/1
  - subgraph/2
  - subgraph/3
  - topsort/1
- epp
  - Top of manual page
  - close/1
  - default_encoding/0
  - encoding_to_string/1
  - format_error/1
  - open/1
  - open/2
  - open/3
  - parse_erl_form/1
  - parse_file/2
  - parse_file/3
  - read_encoding/1
  - read_encoding/2
  - read_encoding_from_binary/1
  - read_encoding_from_binary/2
  - set_encoding/1
  - set_encoding/2
- erl_anno
  - Top of manual page
  - column/1
  - end_location/1
  - file/1
  - from_term/1
  - generated/1
  - is_anno/1
  - line/1
  - location/1
  - new/1
  - set_file/2
  - set_generated/2
  - set_line/2
  - set_location/2
  - set_record/2
  - set_text/2
  - text/1
  - to_term/1
- erl_eval
  - Top of manual page
  - add_binding/3
  - binding/2
  - bindings/1
  - del_binding/2
  - expr/2
  - expr/3
  - expr/4
  - expr/5
  - expr_list/2
  - expr_list/3
  - expr_list/4
  - exprs/2
  - exprs/3
  - exprs/4
  - new_bindings/0
- erl_expand_records
  - Top of manual page
  - module/2
- erl_id_trans
  - Top of manual page
  - parse_transform/2
- erl_internal
  - Top of manual page
  - add_predefined_functions/1
  - arith_op/2
  - bif/2
  - bool_op/2
  - comp_op/2
  - guard_bif/2
  - list_op/2
  - op_type/2
  - send_op/2
  - type_test/2
- erl_lint
  - Top of manual page
  - format_error/1
  - is_guard_test/1
  - module/1
  - module/2
  - module/3
- erl_parse
  - Top of manual page
  - abstract/1
  - abstract/2
  - anno_from_term/1
  - anno_to_term/1
  - fold_anno/3
  - format_error/1
  - map_anno/2
  - mapfold_anno/3
  - new_anno/1
  - normalise/1
  - parse_exprs/1
  - parse_form/1
  - parse_term/1
  - tokens/1
  - tokens/2
- erl_pp
  - Top of manual page
  - attribute/1
  - attribute/2
  - expr/1
  - expr/2
  - expr/3
  - expr/4
  - exprs/1
  - exprs/2
  - exprs/3
  - form/1
  - form/2
  - function/1
  - function/2
  - guard/1
  - guard/2
- erl_scan
  - Top of manual page
  - category/1
  - column/1
  - end_location/1
  - format_error/1
  - line/1
  - location/1
  - reserved_word/1
  - string/1
  - string/2
  - string/3
  - symbol/1
  - text/1
  - tokens/3
  - tokens/4
- erl_tar
  - Top of manual page
  - add/3
  - add/4
  - close/1
  - create/2
  - create/3
  - extract/1
  - extract/2
  - format_error/1
  - init/3
  - open/2
  - t/1
  - table/1
  - table/2
  - tt/1
- ets
  - Top of manual page
  - all/0
  - delete/1
  - delete/2
  - delete_all_objects/1
  - delete_object/2
  - file2tab/1
  - file2tab/2
  - first/1
  - foldl/3
  - foldr/3
  - from_dets/2
  - fun2ms/1
  - give_away/3
  - i/0
  - i/1
  - info/1
  - info/2
  - init_table/2
  - insert/2
  - insert_new/2
  - is_compiled_ms/1
  - last/1
  - lookup/2
  - lookup_element/3
  - match/1
  - match/2
  - match/3
  - match_delete/2
  - match_object/1
  - match_object/2
  - match_object/3
  - match_spec_compile/1
  - match_spec_run/2
  - member/2
  - new/2
  - next/2
  - prev/2
  - rename/2
  - repair_continuation/2
  - safe_fixtable/2
  - select/1
  - select/2
  - select/3
  - select_count/2
  - select_delete/2
  - select_replace/2
  - select_reverse/1
  - select_reverse/2
  - select_reverse/3
  - setopts/2
  - slot/2
  - tab2file/2
  - tab2file/3
  - tab2list/1
  - tabfile_info/1
  - table/1
  - table/2
  - take/2
  - test_ms/2
  - to_dets/2
  - update_counter/3
  - update_counter/4
  - update_element/3
  - whereis/1
- file_sorter
  - Top of manual page
  - check/1
  - check/2
  - keycheck/2
  - keycheck/3
  - keymerge/3
  - keymerge/4
  - keysort/2
  - keysort/3
  - keysort/4
  - merge/2
  - merge/3
  - sort/1
  - sort/2
  - sort/3
- filelib
  - Top of manual page
  - ensure_dir/1
  - file_size/1
  - find_file/2
  - find_file/3
  - find_source/1
  - find_source/2
  - find_source/3
  - fold_files/5
  - is_dir/1
  - is_file/1
  - is_regular/1
  - last_modified/1
  - wildcard/1
  - wildcard/2
- filename
  - Top of manual page
  - absname/1
  - absname/2
  - absname_join/2
  - basedir/2
  - basedir/3
  - basename/1
  - basename/2
  - dirname/1
  - extension/1
  - find_src/1
  - find_src/2
  - flatten/1
  - join/1
  - join/2
  - nativename/1
  - pathtype/1
  - rootname/1
  - rootname/2
  - safe_relative_path/1
  - split/1
- gb_sets
  - Top of manual page
  - add/2
  - add_element/2
  - balance/1
  - del_element/2
  - delete/2
  - delete_any/2
  - difference/2
  - empty/0
  - filter/2
  - fold/3
  - from_list/1
  - from_ordset/1
  - insert/2
  - intersection/1
  - intersection/2
  - is_disjoint/2
  - is_element/2
  - is_empty/1
  - is_member/2
  - is_set/1
  - is_subset/2
  - iterator/1
  - iterator_from/2
  - largest/1
  - new/0
  - next/1
  - singleton/1
  - size/1
  - smallest/1
  - subtract/2
  - take_largest/1
  - take_smallest/1
  - to_list/1
  - union/1
  - union/2
- gb_trees
  - Top of manual page
  - balance/1
  - delete/2
  - delete_any/2
  - empty/0
  - enter/3
  - from_orddict/1
  - get/2
  - insert/3
  - is_defined/2
  - is_empty/1
  - iterator/1
  - iterator_from/2
  - keys/1
  - largest/1
  - lookup/2
  - map/2
  - next/1
  - size/1
  - smallest/1
  - take/2
  - take_any/2
  - take_largest/1
  - take_smallest/1
  - to_list/1
  - update/3
  - values/1
- gen_event
  - Top of manual page
  - add_handler/3
  - add_sup_handler/3
  - call/3
  - call/4
  - delete_handler/3
  - notify/2
  - start/0
  - start/1
  - start/2
  - start_link/0
  - start_link/1
  - start_link/2
  - stop/1
  - stop/3
  - swap_handler/3
  - swap_sup_handler/3
  - sync_notify/2
  - which_handlers/1
  - Module:code_change/3
  - Module:format_status/2
  - Module:handle_call/2
  - Module:handle_event/2
  - Module:handle_info/2
  - Module:init/1
  - Module:terminate/2
- gen_fsm
- gen_server
  - Top of manual page
  - abcast/2
  - abcast/3
  - call/2
  - call/3
  - cast/2
  - enter_loop/3
  - enter_loop/4
  - enter_loop/4
  - enter_loop/5
  - multi_call/2
  - multi_call/3
  - multi_call/4
  - reply/2
  - start/3
  - start/4
  - start_link/3
  - start_link/4
  - stop/1
  - stop/3
  - Module:code_change/3
  - Module:format_status/2
  - Module:handle_call/3
  - Module:handle_cast/2
  - Module:handle_continue/2
  - Module:handle_info/2
  - Module:init/1
  - Module:terminate/2
- gen_statem
  - Top of manual page
  - call/2
  - call/3
  - cast/2
  - enter_loop/4
  - enter_loop/5
  - enter_loop/6
  - reply/1
  - reply/2
  - start/3
  - start/4
  - start_link/3
  - start_link/4
  - stop/1
  - stop/3
  - Module:StateName/3
  - Module:StateName/3
  - Module:callback_mode/0
  - Module:code_change/4
  - Module:format_status/2
  - Module:handle_event/4
  - Module:handle_event/4
  - Module:init/1
  - Module:terminate/3
- io
  - Top of manual page
  - columns/0
  - columns/1
  - format/1
  - format/2
  - format/3
  - fread/2
  - fread/3
  - fwrite/1
  - fwrite/2
  - fwrite/3
  - get_chars/2
  - get_chars/3
  - get_line/1
  - get_line/2
  - getopts/0
  - getopts/1
  - nl/0
  - nl/1
  - parse_erl_exprs/1
  - parse_erl_exprs/2
  - parse_erl_exprs/3
  - parse_erl_exprs/4
  - parse_erl_form/1
  - parse_erl_form/2
  - parse_erl_form/3
  - parse_erl_form/4
  - printable_range/0
  - put_chars/1
  - put_chars/2
  - read/1
  - read/2
  - read/3
  - read/4
  - rows/0
  - rows/1
  - scan_erl_exprs/1
  - scan_erl_exprs/2
  - scan_erl_exprs/3
  - scan_erl_exprs/4
  - scan_erl_form/1
  - scan_erl_form/2
  - scan_erl_form/3
  - scan_erl_form/4
  - setopts/1
  - setopts/2
  - write/1
  - write/2
- io_lib
  - Top of manual page
  - build_text/1
  - char_list/1
  - deep_char_list/1
  - deep_latin1_char_list/1
  - format/2
  - format/3
  - fread/2
  - fread/3
  - fwrite/2
  - fwrite/3
  - indentation/2
  - latin1_char_list/1
  - nl/0
  - print/1
  - print/4
  - printable_latin1_list/1
  - printable_list/1
  - printable_unicode_list/1
  - scan_format/2
  - unscan_format/1
  - write/1
  - write/2
  - write_atom/1
  - write_atom_as_latin1/1
  - write_char/1
  - write_char_as_latin1/1
  - write_latin1_char/1
  - write_latin1_string/1
  - write_string/1
  - write_string_as_latin1/1
- lists
  - Top of manual page
  - all/2
  - any/2
  - append/1
  - append/2
  - concat/1
  - delete/2
  - droplast/1
  - dropwhile/2
  - duplicate/2
  - filter/2
  - filtermap/2
  - flatlength/1
  - flatmap/2
  - flatten/1
  - flatten/2
  - foldl/3
  - foldr/3
  - foreach/2
  - join/2
  - keydelete/3
  - keyfind/3
  - keymap/3
  - keymember/3
  - keymerge/3
  - keyreplace/4
  - keysearch/3
  - keysort/2
  - keystore/4
  - keytake/3
  - last/1
  - map/2
  - mapfoldl/3
  - mapfoldr/3
  - max/1
  - member/2
  - merge/1
  - merge/2
  - merge/3
  - merge3/3
  - min/1
  - nth/2
  - nthtail/2
  - partition/2
  - prefix/2
  - reverse/1
  - reverse/2
  - search/2
  - seq/2
  - seq/3
  - sort/1
  - sort/2
  - split/2
  - splitwith/2
  - sublist/2
  - sublist/3
  - subtract/2
  - suffix/2
  - sum/1
  - takewhile/2
  - ukeymerge/3
  - ukeysort/2
  - umerge/1
  - umerge/2
  - umerge/3
  - umerge3/3
  - unzip/1
  - unzip3/1
  - usort/1
  - usort/2
  - zip/2
  - zip3/3
  - zipwith/3
  - zipwith3/4
- log_mf_h
  - Top of manual page
  - init/3
  - init/4
- maps
  - Top of manual page
  - filter/2
  - find/2
  - fold/3
  - from_list/1
  - get/2
  - get/3
  - is_key/2
  - iterator/1
  - keys/1
  - map/2
  - merge/2
  - new/0
  - next/1
  - put/3
  - remove/2
  - size/1
  - take/2
  - to_list/1
  - update/3
  - update_with/3
  - update_with/4
  - values/1
  - with/2
  - without/2
- math
  - Top of manual page
  - acos/1
  - acosh/1
  - asin/1
  - asinh/1
  - atan/1
  - atan2/2
  - atanh/1
  - ceil/1
  - cos/1
  - cosh/1
  - erf/1
  - erfc/1
  - exp/1
  - floor/1
  - fmod/2
  - log/1
  - log10/1
  - log2/1
  - pi/0
  - pow/2
  - sin/1
  - sinh/1
  - sqrt/1
  - tan/1
  - tanh/1
- ms_transform
  - Top of manual page
  - format_error/1
  - parse_transform/2
  - transform_from_shell/3
- orddict
  - Top of manual page
  - append/3
  - append_list/3
  - erase/2
  - fetch/2
  - fetch_keys/1
  - filter/2
  - find/2
  - fold/3
  - from_list/1
  - is_empty/1
  - is_key/2
  - map/2
  - merge/3
  - new/0
  - size/1
  - store/3
  - take/2
  - to_list/1
  - update/3
  - update/4
  - update_counter/3
- ordsets
  - Top of manual page
  - add_element/2
  - del_element/2
  - filter/2
  - fold/3
  - from_list/1
  - intersection/1
  - intersection/2
  - is_disjoint/2
  - is_element/2
  - is_empty/1
  - is_set/1
  - is_subset/2
  - new/0
  - size/1
  - subtract/2
  - to_list/1
  - union/1
  - union/2
- pool
  - Top of manual page
  - attach/1
  - get_node/0
  - get_nodes/0
  - pspawn/3
  - pspawn_link/3
  - start/1
  - start/2
  - stop/0
- proc_lib
  - Top of manual page
  - format/1
  - format/2
  - format/3
  - hibernate/3
  - init_ack/1
  - init_ack/2
  - initial_call/1
  - spawn/1
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  - union/2
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# erl_anno

### Module

erl_anno

### Module Summary

Abstract datatype for the annotations of the Erlang Compiler.

### Since

Module erl_anno was introduced in OTP 18.0.

### Description

This module provides an abstract type that is used by the Erlang Compiler and its helper modules for holding data such as column, line number, and text. The data type is a collection of annotations as described in the following.

The Erlang Token Scanner returns tokens with a subset of the following annotations, depending on the options:

column

  The column where the token begins.

location

  The line and column where the token begins, or just the line if the column is unknown.

text

  The token's text.

From this, the following annotation is derived:

line

  The line where the token begins.

This module also supports the following annotations, which are used by various modules:

file

  A filename.

generated

  A Boolean indicating if the abstract code is compiler-generated. The Erlang Compiler does not emit warnings for such code.

record

  A Boolean indicating if the origin of the abstract code is a record. Used by Dialyzer to assign types to tuple elements.

The functions column(), end_location(), line(), location(), and text() in the erl_scan module can be used for inspecting annotations in tokens.

The functions anno_from_term(), anno_to_term(), fold_anno(), map_anno(), mapfold_anno(), and new_anno(), in the erl_parse module can be used for manipulating annotations in abstract code.

### Data Types

anno()

A collection of annotations.

anno_term() = term()

The term representing a collection of annotations. It is either a location() or a list of key-value pairs.

column() = integer() >= 1
line() = integer() >= 0
location() = line() | {line(), column()}
text() = string()

### Exports

column(Anno) -> column() | undefined | OTP 18.0

### Types

Anno = anno()
column() = integer() >= 1

Returns the column of the annotations Anno.

end_location(Anno) -> location() | undefined | OTP 18.0

### Types

Anno = anno()
location() = line() | {line(), column()}

Returns the end location of the text of the annotations Anno. If there is no text, undefined is returned.

file(Anno) -> filename() | undefined | OTP 18.0

### Types

Anno = anno()
filename() = file:filename_all()

Returns the filename of the annotations Anno. If there is no filename, undefined is returned.

from_term(Term) -> Anno | OTP 18.0

### Types

Term = anno_term()
Anno = anno()

Returns annotations with representation Term.

See also to_term().

generated(Anno) -> generated() | OTP 18.0

### Types

Anno = anno()
generated() = boolean()

Returns true if annotations Anno is marked as generated. The default is to return false.

is_anno(Term) -> boolean() | OTP 18.0

### Types

Term = any()

Returns true if Term is a collection of annotations, otherwise false.

line(Anno) -> line() | OTP 18.0

### Types

Anno = anno()
line() = integer() >= 0

Returns the line of the annotations Anno.

location(Anno) -> location() | OTP 18.0

### Types

Anno = anno()
location() = line() | {line(), column()}

Returns the location of the annotations Anno.

new(Location) -> anno() | OTP 18.0

### Types

Location = location()
location() = line() | {line(), column()}

Creates a new collection of annotations given a location.

set_file(File, Anno) -> Anno | OTP 18.0

### Types

File = filename()
Anno = anno()
filename() = file:filename_all()

Modifies the filename of the annotations Anno.

set_generated(Generated, Anno) -> Anno | OTP 18.0

### Types

Generated = generated()
Anno = anno()
generated() = boolean()

Modifies the generated marker of the annotations Anno.

set_line(Line, Anno) -> Anno | OTP 18.0

### Types

Line = line()
Anno = anno()
line() = integer() >= 0

Modifies the line of the annotations Anno.

set_location(Location, Anno) -> Anno | OTP 18.0

### Types

Location = location()
Anno = anno()
location() = line() | {line(), column()}

Modifies the location of the annotations Anno.

set_record(Record, Anno) -> Anno | OTP 18.0

### Types

Record = record()
Anno = anno()
record() = boolean()

Modifies the record marker of the annotations Anno.

set_text(Text, Anno) -> Anno | OTP 18.0

### Types

Text = text()
Anno = anno()
text() = string()

Modifies the text of the annotations Anno.

text(Anno) -> text() | undefined | OTP 18.0

### Types

Anno = anno()
text() = string()

Returns the text of the annotations Anno. If there is no text, undefined is returned.

to_term(Anno) -> anno_term() | OTP 18.0

### Types

Anno = anno()

Returns the term representing the annotations Anno.

See also from_term().

### See Also

erl_parse(3), erl_scan(3)