SipCapture Module
     __________________________________________________________

   Table of Contents

   1. Admin Guide

        1.1. Overview
        1.2. Dependencies

              1.2.1. OpenSIPS Modules
              1.2.2. External Libraries or Applications

        1.3. Parameters

              1.3.1. db_url (str)
              1.3.2. table_name (str)
              1.3.3. rtcp_table_name (str)
              1.3.4. capture_on (integer)
              1.3.5. hep_capture_on (integer)
              1.3.6. max_async_queries (integer)
              1.3.7. raw_ipip_capture_on (integer)
              1.3.8. raw_moni_capture_on (integer)
              1.3.9. raw_socket_listen (string)
              1.3.10. raw_interface (string)
              1.3.11. raw_sock_children (integer)
              1.3.12. promiscuous_on (integer)
              1.3.13. raw_moni_bpf_on (integer)
              1.3.14. capture_node (str)
              1.3.15. hep_route (string)

        1.4. Exported Functions

              1.4.1. sip_capture([table_name], [custom_field1],
                      [custom_field2], [custom_field3])

              1.4.2. report_capture(correlation_id, [table_name],
                      [proto_type])

              1.4.3. hep_set(chunk_id, chunk_data, [data_type],
                      [vendor_id])

              1.4.4. hep_get(chunk_id, data_type, [chunk_data_pv],
                      [vendor_id_pv])

              1.4.5. hep_del(chunk_id)
              1.4.6. hep_relay()
              1.4.7. hep_resume_sip()

        1.5. Exported Async Functions

              1.5.1. sip_capture()

        1.6. Exported Pseudo-Variables

              1.6.1. $hep_net
              1.6.2. HEPVERSION (string, int)

        1.7. MI Commands

              1.7.1. sip_capture

        1.8. Database setup
        1.9. Limitation

   2. Contributors

        2.1. By Commit Statistics
        2.2. By Commit Activity

   3. Documentation

        3.1. Contributors

   List of Tables

   2.1. Top contributors by DevScore^(1), authored commits^(2) and
          lines added/removed^(3)

   2.2. Most recently active contributors^(1) to this module

   List of Examples

   1.1. Set db_url parameter
   1.2. Set table_name parameter
   1.3. Set rtcp_capture parameter
   1.4. Set capture_on parameter
   1.5. Set hep_capture_on parameter
   1.6. Set max_async_queries parameter
   1.7. Set raw_ipip_capture_on parameter
   1.8. Set raw_moni_capture_on parameter
   1.9. Set raw_socket_listen parameter
   1.10. Set raw_socket_listen parameter
   1.11. Set raw_socket_listen parameter
   1.12. Set promiscuous_on parameter
   1.13. Set raw_moni_bpf_on parameter
   1.14. Set capture_node parameter
   1.15. Set hep_route parameter
   1.16. sip_capture usage
   1.17. sip_capture usage
   1.18. hep_set usage
   1.19. hep_set usage
   1.20. hep_set usage
   1.21. hep_relay usage
   1.22. hep_resume_sip usage
   1.23. sip_capture usage
   1.24. hep_net usage
   1.25. HEPVERSION usage

Chapter 1. Admin Guide

1.1. Overview

   Offer a possibility to store incoming/outgoing SIP messages in
   database.

   OpenSIPs can capture SIP messages in three mode
     * IPIP encapsulation. (ETHHDR+IPHDR+IPHDR+UDPHDR).
     * Monitoring/mirroring port.
     * Homer encapsulation protocl mode (HEP v1/2/3). With version
       2.2 comes the new HEPv3 support using the proto _hep
       module. Also header manipulation support for HEPv3 has been
       added. See hep_set() for more details. If you want more
       information about hep protocol check this link.

   The capturing can be turned on/off using fifo commad.

   opensips-cli -x mi sip_capture on

   opensips-cli -x mi sip_capture off

1.2. Dependencies

1.2.1. OpenSIPS Modules

   The following modules must be loaded before this module:
     * database module - mysql, postrgress, dbtext, unixodbc...
     * proto_hep module - if hep capturing used

1.2.2. External Libraries or Applications

   The following libraries or applications must be installed
   before running OpenSIPS with this module loaded:
     * None.

1.3. Parameters

1.3.1. db_url (str)

   Database URL.

   Default value is "".

   Example 1.1. Set db_url parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "db_url", "mysql://user:passwd@host/dbname")
...

1.3.2. table_name (str)

   Name of the table's name where to store the SIP messages. Since
   version 2.2 it allows strftime-like suffix for having time
   formatted table names.

   Default value is "sip_capture".

   Example 1.2. Set table_name parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "table_name", "homer_capture")

/* change table name every day */
modparam("sipcapture", "table_name", "homer_%m_%d")
/* if today is 13-04-2014 it will exetend to homer_04_13 */
...


1.3.3. rtcp_table_name (str)

   Name of the table's name where to store packets captured with
   report_capture function. Since version 2.2 it allows
   strftime-like suffix for having time formatted table names.

   Default value is "rtcp_capture".

   Example 1.3. Set rtcp_capture parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "rtcp_table_name", "homer_capture")

/* change table name every hour */
modparam("sipcapture", "rtcp_table_name", "homer_%m_%d_%H")
/* if today is 13-04-2014 13:05 pm it will exetend to homer_04_13_13 */
...

1.3.4. capture_on (integer)

   Parameter to enable/disable capture globaly (on(1)/off(0))

   Default value is "0".

   Example 1.4. Set capture_on parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "capture_on", 1)
...

1.3.5. hep_capture_on (integer)

   Parameter to enable/disable capture of HEP (on(1)/off(0))

   Default value is "0".

   Example 1.5. Set hep_capture_on parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "hep_capture_on", 1)
...

1.3.6. max_async_queries (integer)

   Parameter to set the maximum number of 'INSERT' queries of
   captured packets to be done in the same time, only if the DB
   supports async operations. If OpenSIPS is shut down, the
   remaining queries shall be executed. The query buffer is
   limited 65535 chars, so probably no more than 30-40 queries can
   be done in the same time, depending mostly on the size of the
   inserted sip message, since it's the biggest part of the query.

   Default value is "5".

   Example 1.6. Set max_async_queries parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "max_async_queries", 3)
...

1.3.7. raw_ipip_capture_on (integer)

   Parameter to enable/disable IPIP capturing (on(1)/off(0))

   Default value is "0".

   Example 1.7. Set raw_ipip_capture_on parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "raw_ipip_capture_on", 1)
...

1.3.8. raw_moni_capture_on (integer)

   Parameter to enable/disable monitoring/mirroring port capturing
   (on(1)/off(0)) Only one mode on raw socket can be enabled!
   Monitoring port capturing currently supported only on Linux.

   Default value is "0".

   Example 1.8. Set raw_moni_capture_on parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "raw_moni_capture_on", 1)
...

1.3.9. raw_socket_listen (string)

   Parameter indicate an listen IP address of RAW socket for IPIP
   capturing. You can also define a port/portrange for
   IPIP/Mirroring mode, to capture SIP messages in specific ports:

   "10.0.0.1:5060" - the source/destination port of the SIP
   message must be equal 5060

   "10.0.0.1:5060-5090" - the source/destination port of the SIP
   message must be equal or be between 5060 and 5090.

   The port/portrange must be defined if you are planning to use
   mirroring capture! In this case, the part with IP address will
   be ignored, but to make parser happy, use i.e. 10.0.0.0

   Default value is "".

   Example 1.9. Set raw_socket_listen parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "raw_socket_listen", "10.0.0.1:5060-5090")
...
modparam("sipcapture", "raw_socket_listen", "10.0.0.1:5060")
...

1.3.10. raw_interface (string)

   Name of the interface to bind on the raw socket.

   Default value is "".

   Example 1.10. Set raw_socket_listen parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "raw_interface", "eth0")
...

1.3.11. raw_sock_children (integer)

   Parameter define how much children must be created to listen
   the raw socket.

   Default value is "1".

   Example 1.11. Set raw_socket_listen parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "raw_sock_children", 6)
...

1.3.12. promiscuous_on (integer)

   Parameter to enable/disable promiscuous mode on the raw socket.
   Linux only.

   Default value is "0".

   Example 1.12. Set promiscuous_on parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "promiscuous_on", 1)
...

1.3.13. raw_moni_bpf_on (integer)

   Activate Linux Socket Filter (LSF based on BPF) on the
   mirroring interface. The structure is defined in
   linux/filter.h. The default LSF accept a port/portrange from
   the raw_socket_listen param. Currently LSF supported only on
   Linux.

   Default value is "0".

   Example 1.13. Set raw_moni_bpf_on parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "raw_moni_bpf_on", 1)
...

1.3.14. capture_node (str)

   Name of the capture node.

   Default value is "homer01".

   Example 1.14. Set capture_node parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "capture_node", "homer03")
...

1.3.15. hep_route (string)

   Specifies what path your hep messages should take. Possible
   values are the following:
     * none - don't go through the script; do directly
       sip_capture();
     * sip(default) - go through the main request route; here the
       message is parsed and you can do anything you want with it;
     * any other string value - define a route name through which
       your hep messages should go; the message is not parsed
       because of efficiency reasons; from here you can modify the
       hep chunks(if hep version 3 is used) and relay the hep
       messages to other hep capture nodes;

   Default value is sip(going thorugh the main request route).

   Example 1.15. Set hep_route parameter
...
modparam("sipcapture", "hep_route", "my_hep_route")
...

route[my_hep_route] {
        /* do hep stuff in here */
        ...
}
...

1.4. Exported Functions

1.4.1.  sip_capture([table_name], [custom_field1], [custom_field2],
[custom_field3])

   Save the message into the database.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * table_name (string, optional) - the name of the table to
       store the packet; it can have a strftime-like formatted
       suffix in order to change it's name based on time; if not
       set, modparam defined table will be used;
       custom_field1 (string, optional) - custom data to store
       inside the "custom_field1" column
       custom_field2 (string, optional) - custom data to store
       inside the "custom_field2" column
       custom_field3 (string, optional) - custom data to store
       inside the "custom_field3" column

   This function can be used from
   REQUEST_ROUTE,FAILURE_ROUTE,ONREPLY_ROUTE,BRANCH_ROUTE,LOCAL_RO
   UTE.

   Example 1.16. sip_capture usage
...
if (is_method("REGISTER"))
        sip_capture();
        ...
        /* table name will change every day */
        sip_capture("homer_%m_%d");
        sip_capture("homer_%m_%d", , $hdr(P-Asserted-Identity));
...

1.4.2.  report_capture(correlation_id, [table_name], [proto_type])

   Save the message into the database. If you want set the
   protocol type you have to define the table name, even if you
   pass over it(report_capture($var(cor_id),,$var(proto_type))).

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * correlation_id (string)
     * table_name (string, optional) - the name of the table to
       store the packet; it can have a strftime-like formatted
       suffix in order to change it's name based on time;
     * proto_type (int, optional) - protocol type number as
       defined in hep protocol specification.

   VERY IMPORTANT: Since version 2.3 report_capture function
   behaviour will change depending on homer5_on parameter from
   proto_hep. Check sql folder from the module to check the fields
   of the tables for each version.

   This function can be used from
   REQUEST_ROUTE,FAILURE_ROUTE,ONREPLY_ROUTE,BRANCH_ROUTE,LOCAL_RO
   UTE.

   Example 1.17. sip_capture usage
...
        hep_get("0x0011", "utf8-string", , $var(correlation_id));
        if ($var(correlation_id) == null) {
                xlog("NO CORRELATION ID! SET SOMETHING OR DROP");
                $var(correlation_id) = "absdcef";
        }

        $var(proto_type) = "3"; /* 0x03 - SDP protocol */

        report_capture($var(correlation_id), "rtcp_log");
        /* setting the 2nd parameter, even if setting it to null, is man
datory in order to be able to set proto type */
        report_capture($var(correlation_id), , $var(proto_type));
        report_capture($var(correlation_id), "rtcp_log", $var(proto_type
));
...

1.4.3.  hep_set(chunk_id, chunk_data, [data_type], [vendor_id])

   Set a hep chunk. If not exists, it shall be added.

   This function can be used from
   REQUEST_ROUTE,FAILURE_ROUTE,ONREPLY_ROUTE,BRANCH_ROUTE,LOCAL_RO
   UTE.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * chunk_id(string value with hex/int or string identifier of
       chunk) - id of the chunk to be added; most of the generic
       chunks are in the internal hep structure. For these you can
       skip the data_type and vendor_id since they are already
       known. Generic chunks that don't have built in support are
       the followinig: 0x000d(keep alive timer),
       0x000e(authenticate key), 0x0011(internal correltion id),
       0x0012(vlan ID). You can set these chunks, but only with
       vendor id 0x0000, other values shall result in an error.
       Timestamp(0x0009) and timestamp_us(0x000A) chunks can't be
       set. For chunks that have built-in support you can also use
       strings instead of chunk ids as follows:
          + 0x0001 - proto_family(CAN'T BE SET; it shall be
            automatically updated if you change the type of the
            source/destination address from IPv4 to IPv6 or else)
          + 0x0002 - proto_id; since it's quite hard to know the
            int values for the protocol one can change this value
            using the following string values:
               o UDP
               o TCP
               o TLS
               o SCTP
               o WS
               o WSS
               o BIN
               o HEP
          + 0x0003 - src_ip
          + 0x0004 - dst_ip
          + 0x0005 - src_ip
          + 0x0006 - dst_ip
          + 0x0007 - src_port
          + 0x0008 - dst_port
          + 0x0009 - timestamp(CAN'T BE SET)
          + 0x000A - timestamp_us(CAN'T BE SET)
          + 0x000B - proto_type; for this variable there are
            predefined strings which can be set:
               o SIP
               o XMPP
               o SDP
               o RTP
               o RTCP
               o MGCP
               o MEGACO
               o M2UA
               o M3UA
               o IAX
               o H322
               o H321
          + 0x000C - captagent_id
          + 0x000f - payload
          + 0x0010 - payload
     * chunk_data(string) - data that the chunk shall contain;
       internally it shall be converted to the requested data type
     * data_type (string, optional, default: "utf8-string") - data
       type of the data in the chunk. It can have the following
       values:
          + uint8 - byte unsigned integer
          + uint16 - word unsigned integer
          + uint32 - 4 byte unsigned integer
          + inet4-addr - IPv4 address in human readable format
          + inet6-addr - IPv6 address in human readable format
          + utf8-string - UTF8 encoded character sequence
          + octet-string - byte array
     * vendor id(string value with hex or int, optional, default:
       "3") - there are some vendor ids already defined; check hep
       proto docs for more details.

   Example 1.18. hep_set usage
...
/* modify/add a generic chunk */
hep_set("proto_type", "H321");

/* add a custom chunk - int */
hep_set("31", "132", "uint32", "3")

/* add a custom chunk - IPv4 address */
hep_set("32", "192.168.5.14", "inet4-addr", "3")
...

1.4.4.  hep_get(chunk_id, data_type, [chunk_data_pv], [vendor_id_pv])

   Set a hep chunk. If not exists, it shall be added.

   This function can be used from
   REQUEST_ROUTE,FAILURE_ROUTE,ONREPLY_ROUTE,BRANCH_ROUTE,LOCAL_RO
   UTE.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * chunk_id (string) - same meaning as in hep_set()
     * data_type (string) - same meaning as in hep_set(); can miss
       if it's a generic chunk
     * chunk_data_pv (writable var, optional) - will hold the data
       inside the chunk; some of the generic chunk data come in
       specific format, as following:
          + 0x0001 - proto_family(string) - AF_INET/AF_INET6
          + 0x0002 proto_id(string) - see hep_set() for possible
            values
          + 0x0003/0x0004/0x0005/0x0006 src/dst_ip(string) - ip
            addresses in human readable format
          + 0x0009 timestamp(string) - time and date in human
            readable format
          + 0x000B proto_type(string) - see hep_set() for possible
            values
     * vendor_id_pv (writable var, optional) - will hold the
       vendor id(int value) of the chunk

   Example 1.19. hep_set usage
...
/* get a generic chunk */
hep_get("proto_type", , $var(data), $var(vid));

/* get custom chunk - you must know what kind of data is there */
hep_set("31", "uint32", $var(data), $var(vid))
...

1.4.5.  hep_del(chunk_id)

   Removes a hep chunk.

   This function can be used from
   REQUEST_ROUTE,FAILURE_ROUTE,ONREPLY_ROUTE,BRANCH_ROUTE,LOCAL_RO
   UTE.

   Meaning of the parameters is as follows:
     * chunk_id (string) - same meaning as the chunk_id in
       hep_set().

   Example 1.20. hep_set usage
...
/* get a generic chunk */
hep_del("25"); /* removes chunk with chunk id 25 */
...

1.4.6.  hep_relay()

   Relay a message statefully to destination indicated in current
   URI. (If the original URI was rewritten by UsrLoc, RR,
   strip/prefix, etc., the new URI will be taken). The message has
   to have been a HEP message, version 1, 2 or 3. For version 1
   and 2 you can relay only using UDP, for version 3 TCP and UDP
   can be used.

   This function can be used from
   REQUEST_ROUTE,FAILURE_ROUTE,ONREPLY_ROUTE,BRANCH_ROUTE,LOCAL_RO
   UTE.

   Example 1.21. hep_relay usage
...
$du="sip:192.168.153.157";
if (!hep_relay()) {
        xlog("Hep proxying failed!\n");
        exit;
}

...

1.4.7.  hep_resume_sip()

   Break hep route execution and resume into the main request
   route.

   WARNING: USE THIS FUNCTION ONLY FROM A ROUTE DEFINED USING
   hep_route PARAMETER.

   Example 1.22. hep_resume_sip usage
...
modparam("sipcapture", "hep_route", "my_hep_route")

route[my_hep_route] {
        ...

        /* resume execution in the main request route */
        hep_resume_sip();
}


...

1.5. Exported Async Functions

1.5.1.  sip_capture()

   Save the message inside the database. The query is being done
   asnychronously only if the database supports async operations.
   The query might not be executed exactly at this moment, it
   depends on the max_async_queries parameter.

   Example 1.23. sip_capture usage
...
{
        async(sip_capture(), capture_resume);
}

route[capture_resume] {
        xlog("insert executed\n");
        /*continuing logic here */
}
...

1.6. Exported Pseudo-Variables

1.6.1.  $hep_net

   Holds layer 3 and 4 information(IP addresses and ports) about
   the node from where the hep message was received. The variable
   is read-only and can be used only if it's referenced by it's
   name.

   Possible values for it's name are the following:
     * proto_family - can be AF_INET/AF_INET6
     * proto_id - it's PROTO_HEP since you receive the message as
       hep.
     * src_ip - IPv4/IPv6 address, depending on the proto_family,
       of the sending node.
     * dst_ip - IPv4/IPv6 address, depending on the proto_family,
       of the receiving node(OpenSIPS hep interface ip on which
       the message was received).
     * src_port - Sending node port.
     * dst_port - Receiving port(OpenSIPS hep interace port on
       which the message was received).

   Example 1.24. hep_net usage
...
        /* received this hep packet on interface 192.168.2.5*/
        if ($hep_net(dst_ip) == "192.168.2.5") {
                /* received this on 192.168.2.5:6060 interface */
                if ($hep_net(dst_port) == 6060) {
                        ...
                /* received this on 192.168.2.5:6061 interface */
                } else if ($hep_net(dst_port) == 6061) {
                        ...
                }
        }
...

1.6.2.  HEPVERSION (string, int)

   Holds the version of the hep packet received on the interface.

   Example 1.25. HEPVERSION usage
...
        if ($HEPVERSION == 3) {
                /* It's a HEPv3 packet*/
                ...
        } else if ($HEPVERSION == 2) {
                /* It's a HEPv2 packet */
                ...
        } else if ($HEPVERSION == 1) {
                /* It's a HEPv1 packet */
                ...
        }
...

1.7. MI Commands

1.7.1.  sip_capture

   Name: sip_capture

   Parameters:
     * capture_mode (optional) - turns on/off SIP message
       capturing. Possible values are:
          + on
          + off
       if the parameter is missing, the command will return the
       status of the SIP message capturing (as string “on” or
       “off” ) without changing anything.

   MI FIFO Command Format:
                opensips-cli -x mi sip_capture off

1.8. Database setup

   Before running OpenSIPS with sipcapture, you have to setup the
   database tables where the module will store the data. For that,
   if the table were not created by the installation script or you
   choose to install everything by yourself you can use the
   sipcapture-create.sql and reportcapture-create.sql or the
   sipcapture-st-create.sql SQL script in the database directories
   in the opensips/scripts folder as template. You can also find
   the complete database documentation on the project webpage,
   https://opensips.org/docs/db/db-schema-devel.html.

1.9. Limitation

   1. Only one capturing mode on RAW socket is supported: IPIP or
   monitoring/mirroring port. Don't activate both at the same
   time. 2. By default MySQL doesn't support INSERT DELAYED for
   partitioning table. You can patch MySQL
   (http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=50393) or use separate tables
   (pseudo partitioning) 3. Mirroring port capturing works only on
   Linux.

Chapter 2. Contributors

2.1. By Commit Statistics

   Table 2.1. Top contributors by DevScore^(1), authored
   commits^(2) and lines added/removed^(3)
     Name DevScore Commits Lines ++ Lines --
   1. Ionut Ionita (@ionutrazvanionita) 201 45 5927 6525
   2. Liviu Chircu (@liviuchircu) 39 19 463 920
   3. Bogdan-Andrei Iancu (@bogdan-iancu) 26 21 170 136
   4. Alexandr Dubovikov (@adubovikov) 22 2 2360 0
   5. Razvan Crainea (@razvancrainea) 20 18 49 36
   6. Vlad Patrascu (@rvlad-patrascu) 8 6 70 52
   7. Zero King 4 2 2 3
   8. Vlad Paiu (@vladpaiu) 3 1 3 3
   9. Dusan Klinec 3 1 1 1
   10. Ezequiel Lovelle 3 1 1 1

   All remaining contributors: Julián Moreno Patiño, Peter
   Lemenkov (@lemenkov), Walter Doekes (@wdoekes).

   (1) DevScore = author_commits + author_lines_added /
   (project_lines_added / project_commits) + author_lines_deleted
   / (project_lines_deleted / project_commits)

   (2) including any documentation-related commits, excluding
   merge commits. Regarding imported patches/code, we do our best
   to count the work on behalf of the proper owner, as per the
   "fix_authors" and "mod_renames" arrays in
   opensips/doc/build-contrib.sh. If you identify any
   patches/commits which do not get properly attributed to you,
   please submit a pull request which extends "fix_authors" and/or
   "mod_renames".

   (3) ignoring whitespace edits, renamed files and auto-generated
   files

2.2. By Commit Activity

   Table 2.2. Most recently active contributors^(1) to this module
                      Name                   Commit Activity
   1.  Bogdan-Andrei Iancu (@bogdan-iancu) Aug 2012 - Apr 2020
   2.  Zero King                           Mar 2020 - Mar 2020
   3.  Razvan Crainea (@razvancrainea)     Aug 2015 - Oct 2019
   4.  Liviu Chircu (@liviuchircu)         Mar 2014 - Sep 2019
   5.  Vlad Patrascu (@rvlad-patrascu)     May 2017 - Apr 2019
   6.  Peter Lemenkov (@lemenkov)          Jun 2018 - Jun 2018
   7.  Ionut Ionita (@ionutrazvanionita)   Oct 2015 - Apr 2017
   8.  Julián Moreno Patiño                Feb 2016 - Feb 2016
   9.  Dusan Klinec                        Dec 2015 - Dec 2015
   10. Ezequiel Lovelle                    Oct 2014 - Oct 2014

   All remaining contributors: Walter Doekes (@wdoekes), Vlad Paiu
   (@vladpaiu), Alexandr Dubovikov (@adubovikov).

   (1) including any documentation-related commits, excluding
   merge commits

Chapter 3. Documentation

3.1. Contributors

   Last edited by: Zero King, Vlad Patrascu (@rvlad-patrascu),
   Liviu Chircu (@liviuchircu), Razvan Crainea (@razvancrainea),
   Peter Lemenkov (@lemenkov), Ionut Ionita (@ionutrazvanionita),
   Vlad Paiu (@vladpaiu), Alexandr Dubovikov (@adubovikov).

   Documentation Copyrights:

   Copyright © 2011 QSC AG
