READELF(1)

NOME
readelf - Visualizza informazioni sui file ELF.

SINTASSI
readelf [-a|--all]
        [-h|--file-header]
        [-l|--program-headers|--segments]
        [-S|--section-headers|--sections]
        [-g|--section-groups]
        [-t|--section-details]
        [-e|--headers]
        [-s|--syms|--symbols]
        [--dyn-syms|--lto-syms]
        [--sym-base=[0|8|10|16]]
        [--demangle=style|--no-demangle]
        [--quiet]
        [--recurse-limit|--no-recurse-limit]
        [-U method|--unicode=method]
        [-n|--notes]
        [-r|--relocs]
        [-u|--unwind]
        [-d|--dynamic]
        [-V|--version-info]
        [-A|--arch-specific]
        [-D|--use-dynamic]
        [-L|--lint|--enable-checks]
        [-x <number or name>|--hex-dump=<number or name>]
        [-p <number or name>|--string-dump=<number or name>]
        [-R <number or name>|--relocated-dump=<number or name>]
        [-z|--decompress]
        [-c|--archive-index]
        [-w[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAck]|
         --debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links]]
        [-wK|--debug-dump=follow-links]
        [-wN|--debug-dump=no-follow-links]
        [-P|--process-links]
        [--dwarf-depth=n]
        [--dwarf-start=n]
        [--ctf=section]
        [--ctf-parent=section]
        [--ctf-symbols=section]
        [--ctf-strings=section]
        [-I|--histogram]
        [-v|--version]
        [-W|--wide]
        [-T|--silent-truncation]
        [-H|--help]
        elffile...

DESCRIZIONE
readelf visualizza informazioni su uno o più file oggetto in formato ELF. Le opzioni controllano quale particolare informazione visualizzare.

elffile... sono i file oggetto da esaminare. Sono supportati i file ELF a 32-bit e 64-bit, e gli archivi contenenti file ELF.

Questo programma esegue una funzione similare a quella di objdump ma va in maggiore dettaglio, ed esiste indipendentemente dalla libreria BFD , così se c'è un bug in BFD readelf non ne risentirà.

OPZIONI
Le forme lunga e breve delle opzioni, qui mostrate come alternative, sono equivalenti. Deve essere data almeno un'opzione tra -v o -H.

-a
--all
    Equivalente a specificare --file-header, --program-headers, --sections, --symbols, --relocs, --dynamic, --notes, --version-info, --arch-specific, --unwind, --section-groups e --histogram.

    Note - this option does not enable --use-dynamic itself, so if that option is not present on the command line then dynamic symbols and dynamic relocs will not be displayed.

-h
--file-header
    Visualizza le informazioni contenute nell'intestazione all'inizio del file ELF.

-l
--program-headers
--segments
    Visualizza le informazioni contenute nelle intestazioni del segmento del file, se ne ha.

--quiet
    Suppress "no symbols" diagnostic.

-S
--sections
--section-headers
    Visualizza le informazioni contenute nelle intestazioni della sezione del file, se ne ha.

-g
--section-groups
    Displays the information contained in the file's section groups, if it has any.

-t
--section-details
    Displays the detailed section information. Implies -S.

-s
--symbols
--syms
    Displays the entries in symbol table section of the file, if it has one. If a symbol has version information associated with it then this is displayed as well. The version string is displayed as a suffix to the symbol name, preceded by an @ character. For example foo@VER_1. If the version is the default version to be used when resolving unversioned references to the symbol then it is displayed as a suffix preceded by two @ characters. For example foo@@VER_2.

--dyn-syms
    Displays the entries in dynamic symbol table section of the file, if it has one. The output format is the same as the format used by the --syms option.

--lto-syms
    Displays the contents of any LTO symbol tables in the file.

--sym-base=[0|8|10|16]
    Forces the size field of the symbol table to use the given base. Any unrecognized options will be treated as 0. --sym-base=0 represents the default and legacy behaviour. This will output sizes as decimal for numbers less than 100000. For sizes 100000 and greater hexadecimal notation will be used with a 0x prefix. --sym-base=8 will give the symbol sizes in octal. --sym-base=10 will always give the symbol sizes in decimal. --sym-base=16 will always give the symbol sizes in hexadecimal with a 0x prefix.

-C
--demangle[=style]
    Decode (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level names. This makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.

--no-demangle
    Do not demangle low-level symbol names. This is the default.

--recurse-limit
--no-recurse-limit
--recursion-limit
--no-recursion-limit
    Enables or disables a limit on the amount of recursion performed whilst demangling strings. Since the name mangling formats allow for an infinite level of recursion it is possible to create strings whose decoding will exhaust the amount of stack space available on the host machine, triggering a memory fault. The limit tries to prevent this from happening by restricting recursion to 2048 levels of nesting.

    The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it may be necessary in order to demangle truly complicated names. Note however that if the recursion limit is disabled then stack exhaustion is possible and any bug reports about such an event will be rejected.

-U [d|i|l|e|x|h]
--unicode=[default|invalid|locale|escape|hex|highlight]
    Controls the display of non-ASCII characters in identifier names. The default (--unicode=locale or --unicode=default) is to treat them as multibyte characters and display them in the current locale. All other versions of this option treat the bytes as UTF-8 encoded values and attempt to interpret them. If they cannot be interpreted or if the --unicode=invalid option is used then they are displayed as a sequence of hex bytes, encloses in curly parethesis characters.

    Using the --unicode=escape option will display the characters as as unicode escape sequences (\uxxxx). Using the --unicode=hex will display the characters as hex byte sequences enclosed between angle brackets.

    Using the --unicode=highlight will display the characters as unicode escape sequences but it will also highlighted them in red, assuming that colouring is supported by the output device. The colouring is intended to draw attention to the presence of unicode sequences when they might not be expected.

-e
--headers
    Visualizza tutte le intestazioni nel file. Equivalente a -h -l -S.

-n
--notes
    Visualizza i contenuti dei segmenti e/o sezioni NOTE, se ce ne sono.

-r
--relocs
    Visualizza i contenuti della sezione di rilocazione del file, se ce ne sono.

-u
--unwind
    Displays the contents of the file's unwind section, if it has one. Only the unwind sections for IA64 ELF files, as well as ARM unwind tables (".ARM.exidx" / ".ARM.extab") are currently supported. If support is not yet implemented for your architecture you could try dumping the contents of the .eh_frames section using the --debug-dump=frames or --debug-dump=frames-interp options.

-d
--dynamic
    Visualizza i contenuti della sezione dinamica del file, se ce ne sono.

-V
--version-info
    Visualizza i contenuti della sezione versione del file, se esiste.

-A
--arch-specific
    Visualizza informazioni nel file legate all'architettura, se ce ne sono.

-D
--use-dynamic
    Quando si visualizzano i simboli, questa opzione fa sì che readelf usi la tabella simboli nella sezione dinamica del file, invece di quella nella sezione simboli.

    When displaying relocations, this option makes readelf display the dynamic relocations rather than the static relocations.

-L
--lint
--enable-checks
    Displays warning messages about possible problems with the file(s) being examined. If used on its own then all of the contents of the file(s) will be examined. If used with one of the dumping options then the warning messages will only be produced for the things being displayed.

-x <numero o nome>
--hex-dump=<numero o nome>
    Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes. A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file.

-R <numero o nome>
--relocated-dump=<numero o nome>
    Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes. A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file. The contents of the section will be relocated before they are displayed.

-p <numero o nome>
--string-dump=<numero o nome>
    Displays the contents of the indicated section as printable strings. A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file.

-z
--decompress
    Requests that the section(s) being dumped by x, R or p options are decompressed before being displayed. If the section(s) are not compressed then they are displayed as is.

-c
--archive-index
    Displays the file symbol index information contained in the header part of binary archives. Performs the same function as the t command to ar, but without using the BFD library.

-w[lLiaprmfFsOoRtUuTgAckK]
--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]
    Displays the contents of the DWARF debug sections in the file, if any are present. Compressed debug sections are automatically decompressed (temporarily) before they are displayed. If one or more of the optional letters or words follows the switch then only those type(s) of data will be dumped. The letters and words refer to the following information:

    "a"
    "=abbrev"
        Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .debug_abbrev.

    "A"
    "=addr"
        Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .debug_addr.

    "c"
    "=cu_index"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_cu_index and/or .debug_tu_index sections.

    "f"
    "=frames"
        Mostra il numero di versione di .debug_frame.

    "F"
    "=frames-interp"
        Visualizza i contenuti interpretati della sezione .debug_frame.

    "g"
    "=gdb_index"
        Displays the contents of the .gdb_index and/or .debug_names sections.

    "i"
    "=info"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_info section. Note: the output from this option can also be restricted by the use of the --dwarf-depth and --dwarf-start options.

    "k"
    "=links"
        Displays the contents of the .gnu_debuglink, .gnu_debugaltlink and .debug_sup sections, if any of them are present. Also displays any links to separate dwarf object files (dwo), if they are specified by the DW_AT_GNU_dwo_name or DW_AT_dwo_name attributes in the .debug_info section.

    "K"
    "=follow-links"
        Display the contents of any selected debug sections that are found in linked, separate debug info file(s). This can result in multiple versions of the same debug section being displayed if it exists in more than one file.

        In addition, when displaying DWARF attributes, if a form is found that references the separate debug info file, then the referenced contents will also be displayed.

        Note - in some distributions this option is enabled by default. It can be disabled via the N debug option. The default can be chosen when configuring the binutils via the --enable-follow-debug-links=yes or --enable-follow-debug-links=no options. If these are not used then the default is to enable the following of debug links.

    "N"
    "=no-follow-links"
        Disables the following of links to separate debug info files.

    "l"
    "=rawline"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_line section in a raw format.

    "L"
    "=decodedline"
        Displays the interpreted contents of the .debug_line section.

    "m"
    "=macro"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_macro and/or .debug_macinfo sections.

    "o"
    "=loc"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_loc and/or .debug_loclists sections.

    "O"
    "=str-offsets"
        Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .debug_str_offsets.

    "p"
    "=pubnames"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_pubnames and/or .debug_gnu_pubnames sections.

    "r"
    "=aranges"
        Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .debug_aranges.

    "R"
    "=Ranges"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_ranges and/or .debug_rnglists sections.

    "s"
    "=str"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_str, .debug_line_str and/or .debug_str_offsets sections.

    "t"
    "=pubtype"
        Displays the contents of the .debug_pubtypes and/or .debug_gnu_pubtypes sections.

    "T"
    "=trace_aranges"
        Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .trace_aranges.

    "u"
    "=trace_abbrev"
        Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .trace_abbrev.

    "U"
    "=trace_info"
        Visualizza i contenuti della sezione .trace_info.

    Note: displaying the contents of .debug_static_funcs, .debug_static_vars and debug_weaknames sections is not currently supported.

--dwarf-depth=n
    Limit the dump of the ".debug_info" section to n children. This is only useful with --debug-dump=info. The default is to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for n will also have this effect.

    With a non-zero value for n, DIEs at or deeper than n levels will not be printed. The range for n is zero-based.

--dwarf-start=n
    Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered n. This is only useful with --debug-dump=info.

    If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered n. Only siblings and children of the specified DIE will be printed.

    This can be used in conjunction with --dwarf-depth.

-P
--process-links
    Display the contents of non-debug sections found in separate debuginfo files that are linked to the main file. This option automatically implies the -wK option, and only sections requested by other command line options will be displayed.

--ctf[=sezione]
    Display the contents of the specified CTF section. CTF sections themselves contain many subsections, all of which are displayed in order.

    By default, display the name of the section named .ctf, which is the name emitted by ld.

--ctf-parent=member
    If the CTF section contains ambiguously-defined types, it will consist of an archive of many CTF dictionaries, all inheriting from one dictionary containing unambiguous types. This member is by default named .ctf, like the section containing it, but it is possible to change this name using the "ctf_link_set_memb_name_changer" function at link time. When looking at CTF archives that have been created by a linker that uses the name changer to rename the parent archive member, --ctf-parent can be used to specify the name used for the parent.

--ctf-symbols=sezione
--ctf-strings=sezione
    Specify the name of another section from which the CTF file can inherit strings and symbols. By default, the ".symtab" and its linked string table are used.

    If either of --ctf-symbols or --ctf-strings is specified, the other must be specified as well.

-I
--histogram
    Visualizza un istogramma delle lunghezze dell'elenco del contenitore quando si visualizzano i contenuti delle tabelle simboli.

-v
--version
    Visualizza il numero di versione di readelf.

-W
--wide
    Non interrompe l'output delle linee per farlo stare nelle 80 colonne. Per default readelf interrompe le linee di elenco della sezioneintestazione e segmento listing per i file ELF a 64-bit, in modo che stiano nelle 80 colonne. Questa opzione fa sì che readelf stampi ciascuna intestazione di sezione inserendo ciascun segmento su una linea, cosa moto più leggibile su terminale più ampi di 80 colonne.

-T
--silent-truncation
    Normally when readelf is displaying a symbol name, and it has to truncate the name to fit into an 80 column display, it will add a suffix of "[...]" to the name. This command line option disables this behaviour, allowing 5 more characters of the name to be displayed and restoring the old behaviour of readelf (prior to release 2.35).

-H
--help
    Visualizza le opzioni della linea di comando capite da readelf.

@file
    Legge le opzioni da riga di comando da file. Le opzioni lette sono inserite al posto dell'opzione originale @file. Se file non esiste o non può essere letto, l'opzione sarà trattata letteralmente, e non rimossa.

    Le opzioni in file sono separate da spazi vuoti. Si può includere uno spazio vuoto in un'opzione racchiudendo l'intera opzione fra apici, singoli o doppi. Può essere incluso qualsiasi carattere (compresa la barra inversa) facendo precedere al carattere una barra inversa. Il file può esso stesso contenere ulteriori opzioni @file; ciascuna di queste opzioni sarà elaborata ricorsivamente.

VEDERE ANCHE
objdump(1) e i campi Info per binutils.

COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 1991-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

È permesso copiare, distribuire e/o modificare questo documento nei termini della “Licenza per documentazione libera GNU” (GNU Free Documentation License), versione 1.3 o ogni versione successiva pubblicata dalla Free Software Foundation; senza sezioni non modificabili, senza testi di prima di copertina e di quarta di copertina. Una copia della licenza è inclusa nella sezione intitolata “Licenza per la documentazione libera GNU" ("GNU Free Documentation License").

TRADUZIONE
La traduzione italiana di questa pagina di manuale è stata creata da Giulio Daprelà <giulio@pluto.it> e Marco Curreli <marcocurreli@tiscali.it>

Questa traduzione è documentazione libera; leggere la GNU General Public License Versione 3 (https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html) o successiva per le condizioni di copyright. Non ci assumiamo alcuna responsabilità.

Per segnalare errori nella traduzione di questa pagina di manuale inviare un messaggio a pluto-ildp@lists.pluto.it.