"""Tools for managing kernel specs"""
# Copyright (c) Jupyter Development Team.
# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
import io
import json
import os
import re
import shutil
import warnings

from jupyter_core.paths import jupyter_data_dir
from jupyter_core.paths import jupyter_path
from jupyter_core.paths import SYSTEM_JUPYTER_PATH
from traitlets import Bool
from traitlets import CaselessStrEnum
from traitlets import Dict
from traitlets import HasTraits
from traitlets import List
from traitlets import observe
from traitlets import Set
from traitlets import Type
from traitlets import Unicode
from traitlets.config import LoggingConfigurable

from .provisioning import KernelProvisionerFactory as KPF

pjoin = os.path.join

NATIVE_KERNEL_NAME = "python3"


class KernelSpec(HasTraits):
    argv = List()
    name = Unicode()
    mimetype = Unicode()
    display_name = Unicode()
    language = Unicode()
    env = Dict()
    resource_dir = Unicode()
    interrupt_mode = CaselessStrEnum(["message", "signal"], default_value="signal")
    metadata = Dict()

    @classmethod
    def from_resource_dir(cls, resource_dir):
        """Create a KernelSpec object by reading kernel.json

        Pass the path to the *directory* containing kernel.json.
        """
        kernel_file = pjoin(resource_dir, "kernel.json")
        with io.open(kernel_file, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
            kernel_dict = json.load(f)
        return cls(resource_dir=resource_dir, **kernel_dict)

    def to_dict(self):
        d = dict(
            argv=self.argv,
            env=self.env,
            display_name=self.display_name,
            language=self.language,
            interrupt_mode=self.interrupt_mode,
            metadata=self.metadata,
        )

        return d

    def to_json(self):
        """Serialise this kernelspec to a JSON object.

        Returns a string.
        """
        return json.dumps(self.to_dict())


_kernel_name_pat = re.compile(r"^[a-z0-9._\-]+$", re.IGNORECASE)


def _is_valid_kernel_name(name):
    """Check that a kernel name is valid."""
    # quote is not unicode-safe on Python 2
    return _kernel_name_pat.match(name)


_kernel_name_description = (
    "Kernel names can only contain ASCII letters and numbers and these separators:"
    " - . _ (hyphen, period, and underscore)."
)


def _is_kernel_dir(path):
    """Is ``path`` a kernel directory?"""
    return os.path.isdir(path) and os.path.isfile(pjoin(path, "kernel.json"))


def _list_kernels_in(dir):
    """Return a mapping of kernel names to resource directories from dir.

    If dir is None or does not exist, returns an empty dict.
    """
    if dir is None or not os.path.isdir(dir):
        return {}
    kernels = {}
    for f in os.listdir(dir):
        path = pjoin(dir, f)
        if not _is_kernel_dir(path):
            continue
        key = f.lower()
        if not _is_valid_kernel_name(key):
            warnings.warn(
                "Invalid kernelspec directory name (%s): %s" % (_kernel_name_description, path),
                stacklevel=3,
            )
        kernels[key] = path
    return kernels


class NoSuchKernel(KeyError):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def __str__(self):
        return "No such kernel named {}".format(self.name)


class KernelSpecManager(LoggingConfigurable):

    kernel_spec_class = Type(
        KernelSpec,
        config=True,
        help="""The kernel spec class.  This is configurable to allow
        subclassing of the KernelSpecManager for customized behavior.
        """,
    )

    ensure_native_kernel = Bool(
        True,
        config=True,
        help="""If there is no Python kernelspec registered and the IPython
        kernel is available, ensure it is added to the spec list.
        """,
    )

    data_dir = Unicode()

    def _data_dir_default(self):
        return jupyter_data_dir()

    user_kernel_dir = Unicode()

    def _user_kernel_dir_default(self):
        return pjoin(self.data_dir, "kernels")

    whitelist = Set(
        config=True,
        help="""Deprecated, use `KernelSpecManager.allowed_kernelspecs`
        """,
    )
    allowed_kernelspecs = Set(
        config=True,
        help="""List of allowed kernel names.

        By default, all installed kernels are allowed.
        """,
    )
    kernel_dirs = List(
        help="List of kernel directories to search. Later ones take priority over earlier."
    )

    _deprecated_aliases = {
        "whitelist": ("allowed_kernelspecs", "7.0"),
    }

    # Method copied from
    # https://github.com/jupyterhub/jupyterhub/blob/d1a85e53dccfc7b1dd81b0c1985d158cc6b61820/jupyterhub/auth.py#L143-L161
    @observe(*list(_deprecated_aliases))
    def _deprecated_trait(self, change):
        """observer for deprecated traits"""
        old_attr = change.name
        new_attr, version = self._deprecated_aliases[old_attr]
        new_value = getattr(self, new_attr)
        if new_value != change.new:
            # only warn if different
            # protects backward-compatible config from warnings
            # if they set the same value under both names
            self.log.warning(
                (
                    "{cls}.{old} is deprecated in jupyter_client "
                    "{version}, use {cls}.{new} instead"
                ).format(
                    cls=self.__class__.__name__,
                    old=old_attr,
                    new=new_attr,
                    version=version,
                )
            )
            setattr(self, new_attr, change.new)

    def _kernel_dirs_default(self):
        dirs = jupyter_path("kernels")
        # At some point, we should stop adding .ipython/kernels to the path,
        # but the cost to keeping it is very small.
        try:
            from IPython.paths import get_ipython_dir  # type: ignore
        except ImportError:
            try:
                from IPython.utils.path import get_ipython_dir  # type: ignore
            except ImportError:
                # no IPython, no ipython dir
                get_ipython_dir = None
        if get_ipython_dir is not None:
            dirs.append(os.path.join(get_ipython_dir(), "kernels"))
        return dirs

    def find_kernel_specs(self):
        """Returns a dict mapping kernel names to resource directories."""
        d = {}
        for kernel_dir in self.kernel_dirs:
            kernels = _list_kernels_in(kernel_dir)
            for kname, spec in kernels.items():
                if kname not in d:
                    self.log.debug("Found kernel %s in %s", kname, kernel_dir)
                    d[kname] = spec

        if self.ensure_native_kernel and NATIVE_KERNEL_NAME not in d:
            try:
                from ipykernel.kernelspec import RESOURCES  # type: ignore

                self.log.debug(
                    "Native kernel (%s) available from %s",
                    NATIVE_KERNEL_NAME,
                    RESOURCES,
                )
                d[NATIVE_KERNEL_NAME] = RESOURCES
            except ImportError:
                self.log.warning("Native kernel (%s) is not available", NATIVE_KERNEL_NAME)

        if self.allowed_kernelspecs:
            # filter if there's an allow list
            d = {name: spec for name, spec in d.items() if name in self.allowed_kernelspecs}
        return d
        # TODO: Caching?

    def _get_kernel_spec_by_name(self, kernel_name, resource_dir):
        """Returns a :class:`KernelSpec` instance for a given kernel_name
        and resource_dir.
        """
        kspec = None
        if kernel_name == NATIVE_KERNEL_NAME:
            try:
                from ipykernel.kernelspec import RESOURCES, get_kernel_dict
            except ImportError:
                # It should be impossible to reach this, but let's play it safe
                pass
            else:
                if resource_dir == RESOURCES:
                    kspec = self.kernel_spec_class(resource_dir=resource_dir, **get_kernel_dict())
        if not kspec:
            kspec = self.kernel_spec_class.from_resource_dir(resource_dir)

        if not KPF.instance(parent=self.parent).is_provisioner_available(kspec):
            raise NoSuchKernel(kernel_name)

        return kspec

    def _find_spec_directory(self, kernel_name):
        """Find the resource directory of a named kernel spec"""
        for kernel_dir in [kd for kd in self.kernel_dirs if os.path.isdir(kd)]:
            files = os.listdir(kernel_dir)
            for f in files:
                path = pjoin(kernel_dir, f)
                if f.lower() == kernel_name and _is_kernel_dir(path):
                    return path

        if kernel_name == NATIVE_KERNEL_NAME:
            try:
                from ipykernel.kernelspec import RESOURCES
            except ImportError:
                pass
            else:
                return RESOURCES

    def get_kernel_spec(self, kernel_name):
        """Returns a :class:`KernelSpec` instance for the given kernel_name.

        Raises :exc:`NoSuchKernel` if the given kernel name is not found.
        """
        if not _is_valid_kernel_name(kernel_name):
            self.log.warning(
                f"Kernelspec name {kernel_name} is invalid: {_kernel_name_description}"
            )

        resource_dir = self._find_spec_directory(kernel_name.lower())
        if resource_dir is None:
            self.log.warning(f"Kernelspec name {kernel_name} cannot be found!")
            raise NoSuchKernel(kernel_name)

        return self._get_kernel_spec_by_name(kernel_name, resource_dir)

    def get_all_specs(self):
        """Returns a dict mapping kernel names to kernelspecs.

        Returns a dict of the form::

            {
              'kernel_name': {
                'resource_dir': '/path/to/kernel_name',
                'spec': {"the spec itself": ...}
              },
              ...
            }
        """
        d = self.find_kernel_specs()
        res = {}
        for kname, resource_dir in d.items():
            try:
                if self.__class__ is KernelSpecManager:
                    spec = self._get_kernel_spec_by_name(kname, resource_dir)
                else:
                    # avoid calling private methods in subclasses,
                    # which may have overridden find_kernel_specs
                    # and get_kernel_spec, but not the newer get_all_specs
                    spec = self.get_kernel_spec(kname)

                res[kname] = {"resource_dir": resource_dir, "spec": spec.to_dict()}
            except NoSuchKernel:
                pass  # The appropriate warning has already been logged
            except Exception:
                self.log.warning("Error loading kernelspec %r", kname, exc_info=True)
        return res

    def remove_kernel_spec(self, name):
        """Remove a kernel spec directory by name.

        Returns the path that was deleted.
        """
        save_native = self.ensure_native_kernel
        try:
            self.ensure_native_kernel = False
            specs = self.find_kernel_specs()
        finally:
            self.ensure_native_kernel = save_native
        spec_dir = specs[name]
        self.log.debug("Removing %s", spec_dir)
        if os.path.islink(spec_dir):
            os.remove(spec_dir)
        else:
            shutil.rmtree(spec_dir)
        return spec_dir

    def _get_destination_dir(self, kernel_name, user=False, prefix=None):
        if user:
            return os.path.join(self.user_kernel_dir, kernel_name)
        elif prefix:
            return os.path.join(os.path.abspath(prefix), "share", "jupyter", "kernels", kernel_name)
        else:
            return os.path.join(SYSTEM_JUPYTER_PATH[0], "kernels", kernel_name)

    def install_kernel_spec(
        self, source_dir, kernel_name=None, user=False, replace=None, prefix=None
    ):
        """Install a kernel spec by copying its directory.

        If ``kernel_name`` is not given, the basename of ``source_dir`` will
        be used.

        If ``user`` is False, it will attempt to install into the systemwide
        kernel registry. If the process does not have appropriate permissions,
        an :exc:`OSError` will be raised.

        If ``prefix`` is given, the kernelspec will be installed to
        PREFIX/share/jupyter/kernels/KERNEL_NAME. This can be sys.prefix
        for installation inside virtual or conda envs.
        """
        source_dir = source_dir.rstrip("/\\")
        if not kernel_name:
            kernel_name = os.path.basename(source_dir)
        kernel_name = kernel_name.lower()
        if not _is_valid_kernel_name(kernel_name):
            raise ValueError(
                "Invalid kernel name %r.  %s" % (kernel_name, _kernel_name_description)
            )

        if user and prefix:
            raise ValueError("Can't specify both user and prefix. Please choose one or the other.")

        if replace is not None:
            warnings.warn(
                "replace is ignored. Installing a kernelspec always replaces an existing "
                "installation",
                DeprecationWarning,
                stacklevel=2,
            )

        destination = self._get_destination_dir(kernel_name, user=user, prefix=prefix)
        self.log.debug("Installing kernelspec in %s", destination)

        kernel_dir = os.path.dirname(destination)
        if kernel_dir not in self.kernel_dirs:
            self.log.warning(
                "Installing to %s, which is not in %s. The kernelspec may not be found.",
                kernel_dir,
                self.kernel_dirs,
            )

        if os.path.isdir(destination):
            self.log.info("Removing existing kernelspec in %s", destination)
            shutil.rmtree(destination)

        shutil.copytree(source_dir, destination)
        self.log.info("Installed kernelspec %s in %s", kernel_name, destination)
        return destination

    def install_native_kernel_spec(self, user=False):
        """DEPRECATED: Use ipykernel.kernelspec.install"""
        warnings.warn(
            "install_native_kernel_spec is deprecated. Use ipykernel.kernelspec import install.",
            stacklevel=2,
        )
        from ipykernel.kernelspec import install

        install(self, user=user)


def find_kernel_specs():
    """Returns a dict mapping kernel names to resource directories."""
    return KernelSpecManager().find_kernel_specs()


def get_kernel_spec(kernel_name):
    """Returns a :class:`KernelSpec` instance for the given kernel_name.

    Raises KeyError if the given kernel name is not found.
    """
    return KernelSpecManager().get_kernel_spec(kernel_name)


def install_kernel_spec(source_dir, kernel_name=None, user=False, replace=False, prefix=None):
    return KernelSpecManager().install_kernel_spec(source_dir, kernel_name, user, replace, prefix)


install_kernel_spec.__doc__ = KernelSpecManager.install_kernel_spec.__doc__


def install_native_kernel_spec(user=False):
    return KernelSpecManager().install_native_kernel_spec(user=user)


install_native_kernel_spec.__doc__ = KernelSpecManager.install_native_kernel_spec.__doc__
