#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import copy
import importlib
import logging
import re
import six
from warnings import warn as _warn

from saml2 import saml
from saml2 import xmlenc
from saml2.attribute_converter import from_local, ac_factory
from saml2.attribute_converter import get_local_name
from saml2.s_utils import assertion_factory
from saml2.s_utils import factory
from saml2.s_utils import sid
from saml2.s_utils import MissingValue
from saml2.saml import NAME_FORMAT_URI
from saml2.time_util import instant
from saml2.time_util import in_a_while


logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def _filter_values(vals, vlist=None, must=False):
    """ Removes values from *vals* that does not appear in vlist

    :param vals: The values that are to be filtered
    :param vlist: required or optional value
    :param must: Whether the allowed values must appear
    :return: The set of values after filtering
    """

    if not vlist:  # No value specified equals any value
        return vals

    if vals is None: # cannot iterate over None, return early
        return vals

    if isinstance(vlist, six.string_types):
        vlist = [vlist]

    res = []

    for val in vlist:
        if val in vals:
            res.append(val)

    if must:
        if res:
            return res
        else:
            raise MissingValue("Required attribute value missing")
    else:
        return res


def _match(attr, ava):
    if attr in ava:
        return attr

    _la = attr.lower()
    if _la in ava:
        return _la

    for _at in ava.keys():
        if _at.lower() == _la:
            return _at

    return None


def filter_on_attributes(ava, required=None, optional=None, acs=None,
                         fail_on_unfulfilled_requirements=True):
    """ Filter

    :param ava: An attribute value assertion as a dictionary
    :param required: list of RequestedAttribute instances defined to be
        required
    :param optional: list of RequestedAttribute instances defined to be
        optional
    :param fail_on_unfulfilled_requirements: If required attributes
        are missing fail or fail not depending on this parameter.
    :return: The modified attribute value assertion
    """

    def _match_attr_name(attr, ava):
        local_name = None

        for a in ['name_format', 'friendly_name']:
            _val = attr.get(a)
            if _val:
                if a == 'name_format':
                    local_name = get_local_name(acs, attr['name'], _val)
                else:
                    local_name = _val
                break

        if local_name:
            _fn = _match(local_name, ava)
        else:
            _fn = None

        if not _fn:  # In the unlikely case that someone has provided us with
            #  URIs as attribute names
            _fn = _match(attr["name"], ava)

        return _fn


    def _apply_attr_value_restrictions(attr, res, must=False):
        try:
            values = [av["text"] for av in attr["attribute_value"]]
        except KeyError:
            values = []

        try:
            res[_fn].extend(_filter_values(ava[_fn], values))
        except KeyError:
            # ignore duplicate RequestedAttribute entries
            val = _filter_values(ava[_fn], values)
            res[_fn] = val if val is not None else []

        return _filter_values(ava[_fn], values, must)

    res = {}
    if required is None:
        required = []

    for attr in required:
        _fn = _match_attr_name(attr, ava)

        if _fn:
            _apply_attr_value_restrictions(attr, res, True)
        elif fail_on_unfulfilled_requirements:
            desc = "Required attribute missing: '%s'" % (attr["name"])
            raise MissingValue(desc)

    if optional is None:
        optional = []

    for attr in optional:
        _fn = _match_attr_name(attr, ava)
        if _fn:
            _apply_attr_value_restrictions(attr, res, False)

    return res


def filter_on_demands(ava, required=None, optional=None):
    """ Never return more than is needed. Filters out everything
    the server is prepared to return but the receiver doesn't ask for

    :param ava: Attribute value assertion as a dictionary
    :param required: Required attributes
    :param optional: Optional attributes
    :return: The possibly reduced assertion
    """

    # Is all what's required there:
    if required is None:
        required = {}

    lava = dict([(k.lower(), k) for k in ava.keys()])

    for attr, vals in required.items():
        attr = attr.lower()
        if attr in lava:
            if vals:
                for val in vals:
                    if val not in ava[lava[attr]]:
                        raise MissingValue(
                            "Required attribute value missing: %s,%s" % (attr,
                                                                         val))
        else:
            raise MissingValue("Required attribute missing: %s" % (attr,))

    if optional is None:
        optional = {}

    oka = [k.lower() for k in required.keys()]
    oka.extend([k.lower() for k in optional.keys()])

    # OK, so I can imaging releasing values that are not absolutely necessary
    # but not attributes that are not asked for.
    for attr in lava.keys():
        if attr not in oka:
            del ava[lava[attr]]

    return ava


def filter_on_wire_representation(ava, acs, required=None, optional=None):
    """
    :param ava: A dictionary with attributes and values
    :param acs: List of tuples (Attribute Converter name,
        Attribute Converter instance)
    :param required: A list of saml.Attributes
    :param optional: A list of saml.Attributes
    :return: Dictionary of expected/wanted attributes and values
    """
    acsdic = dict([(ac.name_format, ac) for ac in acs])

    if required is None:
        required = []
    if optional is None:
        optional = []

    res = {}
    for attr, val in ava.items():
        done = False
        for req in required:
            try:
                _name = acsdic[req.name_format]._to[attr]
                if _name == req.name:
                    res[attr] = val
                    done = True
            except KeyError:
                pass
        if done:
            continue
        for opt in optional:
            try:
                _name = acsdic[opt.name_format]._to[attr]
                if _name == opt.name:
                    res[attr] = val
                    break
            except KeyError:
                pass

    return res


def filter_attribute_value_assertions(ava, attribute_restrictions=None):
    """ Will weed out attribute values and values according to the
    rules defined in the attribute restrictions. If filtering results in
    an attribute without values, then the attribute is removed from the
    assertion.

    :param ava: The incoming attribute value assertion (dictionary)
    :param attribute_restrictions: The rules that govern which attributes
        and values that are allowed. (dictionary)
    :return: The modified attribute value assertion
    """
    if not attribute_restrictions:
        return ava

    for attr, vals in list(ava.items()):
        _attr = attr.lower()
        try:
            _rests = attribute_restrictions[_attr]
        except KeyError:
            del ava[attr]
        else:
            if _rests is None:
                continue
            if isinstance(vals, six.string_types):
                vals = [vals]
            rvals = []
            for restr in _rests:
                for val in vals:
                    if restr.match(val):
                        rvals.append(val)

            if rvals:
                ava[attr] = list(set(rvals))
            else:
                del ava[attr]
    return ava


def restriction_from_attribute_spec(attributes):
    restr = {}
    for attribute in attributes:
        restr[attribute.name] = {}
        for val in attribute.attribute_value:
            if not val.text:
                restr[attribute.name] = None
                break
            else:
                restr[attribute.name] = re.compile(val.text)
    return restr


def compile(restrictions):
    """ This is only for IdPs or AAs, and it's about limiting what
    is returned to the SP.
    In the configuration file, restrictions on which values that
    can be returned are specified with the help of regular expressions.
    This function goes through and pre-compiles the regular expressions.

    :param restrictions: policy configuration
    :return: The assertion with the string specification replaced with
        a compiled regular expression.
    """
    for who, spec in restrictions.items():
        spec = spec or {}

        entity_categories = spec.get("entity_categories", [])
        ecs = []
        for cat in entity_categories:
            try:
                _mod = importlib.import_module(cat)
            except ImportError:
                _mod = importlib.import_module("saml2.entity_category.%s" % cat)

            _ec = {}
            for key, items in _mod.RELEASE.items():
                alist = [k.lower() for k in items]
                _only_required = getattr(_mod, "ONLY_REQUIRED", {}).get(key, False)
                _ec[key] = (alist, _only_required)
            ecs.append(_ec)
        spec["entity_categories"] = ecs or None

        attribute_restrictions = spec.get("attribute_restrictions") or {}
        _attribute_restrictions = {}
        for key, values in attribute_restrictions.items():
            lkey = key.lower()
            values = [] if not values else values
            _attribute_restrictions[lkey] = (
                [re.compile(value) for value in values] or None
            )
        spec["attribute_restrictions"] = _attribute_restrictions or None

    return restrictions


class Policy(object):
    """Handles restrictions on assertions."""

    def __init__(self, restrictions=None, mds=None):
        self.metadata_store = mds
        self._restrictions = self.setup_restrictions(restrictions)
        logger.debug("policy restrictions: %s", self._restrictions)
        self.acs = []

    def setup_restrictions(self, restrictions=None):
        if restrictions is None:
            return None

        restrictions = copy.deepcopy(restrictions)
        restrictions = compile(restrictions)
        return restrictions

    def get(self, attribute, sp_entity_id, default=None):
        """

        :param attribute:
        :param sp_entity_id:
        :param default:
        :return:
        """
        if not self._restrictions:
            return default

        ra_info = (
            self.metadata_store.registration_info(sp_entity_id) or {}
            if self.metadata_store is not None
            else {}
        )
        ra_entity_id = ra_info.get("registration_authority")

        sp_restrictions = self._restrictions.get(sp_entity_id)
        ra_restrictions = self._restrictions.get(ra_entity_id)
        default_restrictions = (
            self._restrictions.get("default")
            or self._restrictions.get("")
        )
        restrictions = (
            sp_restrictions
            if sp_restrictions is not None
            else ra_restrictions
            if ra_restrictions is not None
            else default_restrictions
            if default_restrictions is not None
            else {}
        )

        attribute_restriction = restrictions.get(attribute)
        restriction = (
            attribute_restriction
            if attribute_restriction is not None
            else default
        )
        return restriction

    def get_nameid_format(self, sp_entity_id):
        """ Get the NameIDFormat to used for the entity id
        :param: The SP entity ID
        :retur: The format
        """
        return self.get("nameid_format", sp_entity_id, saml.NAMEID_FORMAT_TRANSIENT)

    def get_name_form(self, sp_entity_id):
        """ Get the NameFormat to used for the entity id
        :param: The SP entity ID
        :retur: The format
        """

        return self.get("name_form", sp_entity_id, default=NAME_FORMAT_URI)

    def get_lifetime(self, sp_entity_id):
        """ The lifetime of the assertion
        :param sp_entity_id: The SP entity ID
        :param: lifetime as a dictionary
        """
        # default is a hour
        return self.get("lifetime", sp_entity_id, {"hours": 1})

    def get_attribute_restrictions(self, sp_entity_id):
        """ Return the attribute restriction for SP that want the information

        :param sp_entity_id: The SP entity ID
        :return: The restrictions
        """

        return self.get("attribute_restrictions", sp_entity_id)

    def get_fail_on_missing_requested(self, sp_entity_id):
        """ Return the whether the IdP should should fail if the SPs
        requested attributes could not be found.

        :param sp_entity_id: The SP entity ID
        :return: The restrictions
        """

        return self.get("fail_on_missing_requested", sp_entity_id, default=True)

    def get_sign(self, sp_entity_id):
        """
        Possible choices
        "sign": ["response", "assertion", "on_demand"]

        :param sp_entity_id:
        :return:
        """

        return self.get("sign", sp_entity_id, default=[])

    def get_entity_categories(self, sp_entity_id, mds=None, required=None):
        """

        :param sp_entity_id:
        :param required: required attributes
        :return: A dictionary with restrictions
        """

        if mds is not None:
            warn_msg = (
                "The mds parameter for saml2.assertion.Policy.get_entity_categories "
                "is deprecated; "
                "instead, initialize the Policy object setting the mds param."
            )
            logger.warning(warn_msg)
            _warn(warn_msg, DeprecationWarning)

        def post_entity_categories(maps, sp_entity_id=None, mds=None, required=None):
            restrictions = {}
            required_friendly_names = [
                d.get('friendly_name') or get_local_name(
                    acs=self.acs, attr=d['name'], name_format=d['name_format']
                )
                for d in (required or [])
            ]
            required = [
                friendly_name.lower()
                for friendly_name in required_friendly_names
            ]

            if mds:
                ecs = mds.entity_categories(sp_entity_id)
                for ec_map in maps:
                    for key, (atlist, only_required) in ec_map.items():
                        if key == "":  # always released
                            attrs = atlist
                        elif isinstance(key, tuple):
                            if only_required:
                                attrs = [a for a in atlist if a in required]
                            else:
                                attrs = atlist
                            for _key in key:
                                if _key not in ecs:
                                    attrs = []
                                    break
                        elif key in ecs:
                            if only_required:
                                attrs = [a for a in atlist if a in required]
                            else:
                                attrs = atlist
                        else:
                            attrs = []

                        for attr in attrs:
                            restrictions[attr] = None
                        else:
                            restrictions[''] = None

            return restrictions

        sentinel = object()
        result1 = self.get("entity_categories", sp_entity_id, default=sentinel)
        if result1 is sentinel:
            return {}

        result2 = post_entity_categories(
            result1,
            sp_entity_id=sp_entity_id,
            mds=(mds or self.metadata_store),
            required=required,
        )
        return result2

    def not_on_or_after(self, sp_entity_id):
        """ When the assertion stops being valid, should not be
        used after this time.

        :param sp_entity_id: The SP entity ID
        :return: String representation of the time
        """

        return in_a_while(**self.get_lifetime(sp_entity_id))

    def filter(self, ava, sp_entity_id, mdstore=None, required=None, optional=None):
        """ What attribute and attribute values returns depends on what
        the SP or the registration authority has said it wants in the request
        or in the metadata file and what the IdP/AA wants to release.
        An assumption is that what the SP or the registration authority
        asks for overrides whatever is in the metadata. But of course the
        IdP never releases anything it doesn't want to.

        :param ava: The information about the subject as a dictionary
        :param sp_entity_id: The entity ID of the SP
        :param required: Attributes that the SP requires in the assertion
        :param optional: Attributes that the SP regards as optional
        :return: A possibly modified AVA
        """

        if mdstore is not None:
            warn_msg = (
                "The mdstore parameter for saml2.assertion.Policy.filter "
                "is deprecated; "
                "instead, initialize the Policy object setting the mds param."
            )
            logger.warning(warn_msg)
            _warn(warn_msg, DeprecationWarning)

        # acs MUST have a value, fall back to default.
        if not self.acs:
            self.acs = ac_factory()

        subject_ava = ava.copy()

        # entity category restrictions
        _ent_rest = self.get_entity_categories(sp_entity_id, mds=mdstore, required=required)
        if _ent_rest:
            subject_ava = filter_attribute_value_assertions(subject_ava, _ent_rest)
        elif required or optional:
            logger.debug("required: %s, optional: %s", required, optional)
            subject_ava = filter_on_attributes(
                subject_ava,
                required,
                optional,
                self.acs,
                self.get_fail_on_missing_requested(sp_entity_id),
            )

        # attribute restrictions
        _attr_rest = self.get_attribute_restrictions(sp_entity_id)
        subject_ava = filter_attribute_value_assertions(subject_ava, _attr_rest)

        return subject_ava or {}

    def restrict(self, ava, sp_entity_id, metadata=None):
        """ Identity attribute names are expected to be expressed as FriendlyNames

        :return: A filtered ava according to the IdPs/AAs rules and
            the list of required/optional attributes according to the SP.
            If the requirements can't be met an exception is raised.
        """
        if metadata is not None:
            warn_msg = (
                "The metadata parameter for saml2.assertion.Policy.restrict "
                "is deprecated and ignored; "
                "instead, initialize the Policy object setting the mds param."
            )
            logger.warning(warn_msg)
            _warn(warn_msg, DeprecationWarning)

        metadata_store = metadata or self.metadata_store
        spec = (
            metadata_store.attribute_requirement(sp_entity_id) or {}
            if metadata_store
            else {}
        )
        return self.filter(
            ava,
            sp_entity_id,
            required=spec.get("required"),
            optional=spec.get("optional"),
        )

    def conditions(self, sp_entity_id):
        """ Return a saml.Condition instance

        :param sp_entity_id: The SP entity ID
        :return: A saml.Condition instance
        """
        return factory(
            saml.Conditions,
            not_before=instant(),
            # How long might depend on who's getting it
            not_on_or_after=self.not_on_or_after(sp_entity_id),
            audience_restriction=[
                factory(
                    saml.AudienceRestriction,
                    audience=[factory(saml.Audience, text=sp_entity_id)],
                ),
            ],
        )


class EntityCategories(object):
    pass


def _authn_context_class_ref(authn_class, authn_auth=None):
    """
    Construct the authn context with a authn context class reference
    :param authn_class: The authn context class reference
    :param authn_auth: Authenticating Authority
    :return: An AuthnContext instance
    """
    cntx_class = factory(saml.AuthnContextClassRef, text=authn_class)
    if authn_auth:
        return factory(saml.AuthnContext,
                       authn_context_class_ref=cntx_class,
                       authenticating_authority=factory(
                           saml.AuthenticatingAuthority, text=authn_auth))
    else:
        return factory(saml.AuthnContext,
                       authn_context_class_ref=cntx_class)


def _authn_context_decl(decl, authn_auth=None):
    """
    Construct the authn context with a authn context declaration
    :param decl: The authn context declaration
    :param authn_auth: Authenticating Authority
    :return: An AuthnContext instance
    """
    return factory(saml.AuthnContext,
                   authn_context_decl=decl,
                   authenticating_authority=factory(
                       saml.AuthenticatingAuthority, text=authn_auth))


def _authn_context_decl_ref(decl_ref, authn_auth=None):
    """
    Construct the authn context with a authn context declaration reference
    :param decl_ref: The authn context declaration reference
    :param authn_auth: Authenticating Authority
    :return: An AuthnContext instance
    """
    return factory(saml.AuthnContext,
                   authn_context_decl_ref=decl_ref,
                   authenticating_authority=factory(
                       saml.AuthenticatingAuthority, text=authn_auth))


def authn_statement(authn_class=None, authn_auth=None,
                    authn_decl=None, authn_decl_ref=None, authn_instant="",
                    subject_locality="", session_not_on_or_after=None):
    """
    Construct the AuthnStatement
    :param authn_class: Authentication Context Class reference
    :param authn_auth: Authenticating Authority
    :param authn_decl: Authentication Context Declaration
    :param authn_decl_ref: Authentication Context Declaration reference
    :param authn_instant: When the Authentication was performed.
        Assumed to be seconds since the Epoch.
    :param subject_locality: Specifies the DNS domain name and IP address
        for the system from which the assertion subject was apparently
        authenticated.
    :return: An AuthnContext instance
    """
    if authn_instant:
        _instant = instant(time_stamp=authn_instant)
    else:
        _instant = instant()

    if authn_class:
        res = factory(
            saml.AuthnStatement,
            authn_instant=_instant,
            session_index=sid(),
            session_not_on_or_after=session_not_on_or_after,
            authn_context=_authn_context_class_ref(
                authn_class, authn_auth))
    elif authn_decl:
        res = factory(
            saml.AuthnStatement,
            authn_instant=_instant,
            session_index=sid(),
            session_not_on_or_after=session_not_on_or_after,
            authn_context=_authn_context_decl(authn_decl, authn_auth))
    elif authn_decl_ref:
        res = factory(
            saml.AuthnStatement,
            authn_instant=_instant,
            session_index=sid(),
            session_not_on_or_after=session_not_on_or_after,
            authn_context=_authn_context_decl_ref(authn_decl_ref,
                                                  authn_auth))
    else:
        res = factory(
            saml.AuthnStatement,
            authn_instant=_instant,
            session_index=sid(),
            session_not_on_or_after=session_not_on_or_after)

    if subject_locality:
        res.subject_locality = saml.SubjectLocality(text=subject_locality)

    return res


def do_subject_confirmation(not_on_or_after, key_info=None, **treeargs):
    """

    :param not_on_or_after: not_on_or_after policy
    :param subject_confirmation_method: How was the subject confirmed
    :param address: The network address/location from which an attesting entity
        can present the assertion.
    :param key_info: Information of the key used to confirm the subject
    :param in_response_to: The ID of a SAML protocol message in response to
        which an attesting entity can present the assertion.
    :param recipient: A URI specifying the entity or location to which an
        attesting entity can present the assertion.
    :param not_before: A time instant before which the subject cannot be
        confirmed. The time value MUST be encoded in UTC.
    :return:
    """

    _sc = factory(saml.SubjectConfirmation, **treeargs)

    _scd = _sc.subject_confirmation_data
    _scd.not_on_or_after = not_on_or_after

    if _sc.method == saml.SCM_HOLDER_OF_KEY:
        _scd.add_extension_element(key_info)

    return _sc


def do_subject(not_on_or_after, name_id, **farg):
    specs = farg['subject_confirmation']

    if isinstance(specs, list):
        res = [do_subject_confirmation(not_on_or_after, **s) for s in specs]
    else:
        res = [do_subject_confirmation(not_on_or_after, **specs)]

    return factory(saml.Subject, name_id=name_id, subject_confirmation=res)


class Assertion(dict):
    """ Handles assertions about subjects """

    def __init__(self, dic=None):
        dict.__init__(self, dic)
        self.acs = []

    def construct(self, sp_entity_id, attrconvs, policy, issuer, farg,
                  authn_class=None, authn_auth=None, authn_decl=None,
                  encrypt=None, sec_context=None, authn_decl_ref=None,
                  authn_instant="", subject_locality="", authn_statem=None,
                  name_id=None, session_not_on_or_after=None):
        """ Construct the Assertion

        :param sp_entity_id: The entityid of the SP
        :param in_response_to: An identifier of the message, this message is
            a response to
        :param name_id: An NameID instance
        :param attrconvs: AttributeConverters
        :param policy: The policy that should be adhered to when replying
        :param issuer: Who is issuing the statement
        :param authn_class: The authentication class
        :param authn_auth: The authentication instance
        :param authn_decl: An Authentication Context declaration
        :param encrypt: Whether to encrypt parts or all of the Assertion
        :param sec_context: The security context used when encrypting
        :param authn_decl_ref: An Authentication Context declaration reference
        :param authn_instant: When the Authentication was performed
        :param subject_locality: Specifies the DNS domain name and IP address
            for the system from which the assertion subject was apparently
            authenticated.
        :param authn_statem: A AuthnStatement instance
        :return: An Assertion instance
        """

        _name_format = policy.get_name_form(sp_entity_id)

        attr_statement = saml.AttributeStatement(
            attribute=from_local(attrconvs, self, _name_format)
        )

        if encrypt == "attributes":
            for attr in attr_statement.attribute:
                enc = sec_context.encrypt(text="%s" % attr)

                encd = xmlenc.encrypted_data_from_string(enc)
                encattr = saml.EncryptedAttribute(encrypted_data=encd)
                attr_statement.encrypted_attribute.append(encattr)

            attr_statement.attribute = []

        # start using now and for some time
        conds = policy.conditions(sp_entity_id)

        if authn_statem:
            _authn_statement = authn_statem
        elif authn_auth or authn_class or authn_decl or authn_decl_ref:
            _authn_statement = authn_statement(authn_class, authn_auth,
                                               authn_decl, authn_decl_ref,
                                               authn_instant,
                                               subject_locality,
                                               session_not_on_or_after=session_not_on_or_after)
        else:
            _authn_statement = None

        subject = do_subject(
            policy.not_on_or_after(sp_entity_id), name_id, **farg['subject']
        )
        _ass = assertion_factory(issuer=issuer, conditions=conds, subject=subject)

        if _authn_statement:
            _ass.authn_statement = [_authn_statement]

        if not attr_statement.empty():
            _ass.attribute_statement = [attr_statement]

        return _ass

    def apply_policy(self, sp_entity_id, policy):
        """ Apply policy to the assertion I'm representing

        :param sp_entity_id: The SP entity ID
        :param policy: The policy
        :return: The resulting AVA after the policy is applied
        """

        policy.acs = self.acs
        ava = policy.restrict(self, sp_entity_id)

        for key, val in list(self.items()):
            if key in ava:
                self[key] = ava[key]
            else:
                del self[key]

        return ava
