pow
Prev | Orchestra Opcodes and Operators | Next

## pow

pow — Computes one argument to the power of another argument.

## Description

Computes xarg to the power of kpow (or ipow) and scales the result by inorm.

## Syntax

    ares pow aarg, kpow [, inorm]

    ires pow iarg, ipow [, inorm]

    kres pow karg, kpow [, inorm]

    ires[] pow iarg[], ipow[]

    kres[] pow karg[], kpow[]

    ires[] pow iarg[], ipow

    kres[] pow karg[], kpow

## Initialization

inorm (optional, default=1) -- The number to divide the result (default to 1). This is especially useful if you are doing powers of a- or k- signals where samples out of range are extremely common!

## Performance

aarg, iarg, karg -- the base.

ipow, kpow -- the exponent.

| Note
Use ^ with caution in arithmetical statements, as the precedence may not be correct. New in Csound version 3.493.

## Examples

Here is an example of the pow opcode. It uses the file pow.csd.

Example 775. Example of the pow opcode.

See the sections Real-time Audio and Command Line Flags for more information on using command line flags.

    <CsoundSynthesizer>
    <CsOptions>
    ; Select audio/midi flags here according to platform
    -odac     ;;;realtime audio out
    ;-iadc    ;;;uncomment -iadc if RT audio input is needed too
    ; For Non-realtime ouput leave only the line below:
    ;-o pow.wav        ; output to audio file
    </CsOptions>
    <CsInstruments>

    sr = 44100
    ksmps = 32
    nchnls = 2
    0dbfs  = 1

    instr 1	; Lo-Fi sound

    kpow	  = 10						;exponent
    kbase	  line 1, p3, 1.4				;vary the base
    kQuantize pow kbase, kpow
    kQuantize = kQuantize*0.5				;half the number of steps for each side of a bipolar signal
    printk2	  kQuantize
    asig	  diskin2 "fox.wav", 1, 0, 1			;loop the fox
    asig	  = round(asig * kQuantize) / kQuantize		;quantize and scale audio signal
        	  outs asig, asig

    endin
    </CsInstruments>
    <CsScore>

    i1 0 19.2

    e
    </CsScore>
    </CsoundSynthesizer>

Its output should include lines like these:

     i1     0.50000
     i1     0.50007
     i1     0.50014
    .......
     i1    14.45986
     i1    14.46130

## Credits

Author: Paris Smaragdis
MIT, Cambridge
1995

Prev | Up | Next
poscil | Home | powershape