Audacity Tour Guide - Audacity Manual

# Audacity Tour Guide

From Audacity Development Manual
This guide provides a quick tour of selected features of Audacity. This page doesn't tell you how to use features, it would be much too long if it did. Rather it tells you about some of the features that exist in Audacity and will help you learn a little about those.

There are many links on this page (highlighted in blue). Click the links to go to the more detailed pages in the Manual.

Also remember that the Screenshot of Audacity on the front page is clickable. Clicking on a feature will take you to the place in the Manual that describes that feature.

## Contents

1. Record, Play and Edit - the basics of Audacity
2. Saving your work - audio formats
3. Customizing Audacity - themes, colors, preferences, layout and plugin extensions
4. Faster ways to do things - shortcuts and Macros
5. Changing the loudness of your audio - fades, Amplify, pan and gain
6. Noise in your audio - reducing, adding, fine tuning
7. Navigation and changing speed and pitch
8. Realtime effects
9. Lots of things you might not know Audacity could do

## Record, Play and Edit - the basics of Audacity

Audacity can Play Record and edit audio. To play or record, click on the button on the toolbar:

  Transport Toolbar Play and Record buttons

Click on the image to learn more

### Loop

Toggles Loop play on or off. If you press Play with looping enabled, it will loop-play the current looping region over and over until you press Stop.

### New Track Record

Hold Shift and the record button changes from to Record New Track. Click, (or use shortcut Shift + R ) to start recording in a new track at either the current cursor position or at the beginning of the current selection.

By default Audacity will record at the end of the currently selected (or only) track

### Select and Edit

Select audio by dragging, before using buttons like cut, copy and paste to rearrange the audio. You can also apply an audio effect to the selected audio.

  Example of a stereo audio track with some audio selected - the selection is the dark gray section

For more details on Play, Record and Edit see the Getting Started section of the Manual.

### Punch and Roll Record

This enables you to to correct errors easily during the course of a recording session.

- You can stop, back up over a mistake, and continue recording, resulting in one track that eliminates the errors and is properly timed, without the use of cutting, pasting, and clip-moving commands, or mixing of multiple tracks.
- You can do rough editing as you go, with minimal interruption of your performance and less work left until afterwards.}}

For more details see the Punch and Roll Record page.

## Saving your work - audio formats

### Save

Audacity makes a distinction between saving audio in Audacity project format which only Audacity can open, and exporting audio in formats like WAV and MP3 for use in other applications.

### Export

Use Export if you want to create a file in an audio format for playing outside of Audacity.

- FFmpeg: The optional FFmpeg library allows Audacity to import and export a much larger range of audio formats including M4A (AAC), AC3 and WMA. Audacity can import audio from most video files by using FFmpeg.

## Customizing Audacity

### Themes

Audacity has four pre-configured, user-selectable, themes.

| Light theme |  | Dark theme |  | High Contrast theme |  | Classic theme

See the Themes page for details.

### Waveform colorways

Having selected a theme, you can optionally change the colorway of the individual waveforms displayed in your project. See Audio Tracks page for details.

### Preferences

Audacity has myriad settings that adjust its behavior. You do not have to adjust these, but they are there, available for you to adjust in Preferences if you want to.

### Layout

You can change the layout of Audacity from that shown on the front page by moving, resizing, hiding and showing the various toolbars. See the Customizing Toolbar Layout page for details.

### Effects Plugins

You can add to the effects available in Audacity using plugins. Some of these have very nice looking interfaces with graphs and buttons and provide similar effects with different features, or effects that Audacity does not ship with. There are several types of plugin. The Nyquist type of plugin, for example, is Audacity's own plugin format. Nyquist plugins can be made just by writing text in a file, so contributors to Audacity often use this format to create new effects.

## Faster ways to do things - Shortcuts and Macros

### Shortcuts

Many buttons and menu commands have pre-defined keyboard shortcuts assigned. You can modify these or add your own with Shortcuts Preferences (in the Edit menu on Windows and Linux or the "Audacity" menu on Mac).

### Macros

Ever want to do the same thing to a large number of audio files, for example remove noise from them and convert to MP3? Macros is the feature for this. Give it a list of files to work through and tell it what sequence of things to do. Programmers may want instead to use Scripting, an experimental but more flexible version of Macros. This needs a free experimental module called mod-script-pipe and experience in programming.

### Export multiple audio files

You can save several audio files at once, rather than saving them one by one.

## Changing the loudness of your audio - fades, Amplify, pan and gain

                              Mono track showing an amplitude Envelope

### Amplify

The Amplify audio effect makes audio louder or quieter. Two other effects that modify loudness are Fade In and Fade Out. These are often used at the beginning and end of audio.

- Envelopes provide a more flexible way to control loudness. You will need to select the Envelope Tool or Multi-Tool to use envelopes. With envelopes you can graphically control when audio gets louder and quieter.

### Pan and Gain

These are the two sliders in the track's Track Control Panel. The Gain slider enables you to set the loudness for the track. The Pan slider lets you make the audio louder on the left or the right. You can move these sliders to affect the audio as it plays.

### Mute and Solo

These two buttons are in the track's Track Control Panel. Click the Mute button to silence this track when playing, click again to hear it again. Click the Solo button to play just this track. Click again to release the button.

### Auto Duck

This reduces (ducks) the volume of one or more selected tracks whenever the volume of a single unselected "control track" placed underneath reaches a particular threshold level. It can be used to create voice-overs for podcasts or DJ sets, for automatic "ramping" of background music in radio productions and for turning down a voice in original language as soon as its translation kicks in.

### Mixer

An alternative view to the audio tracks in the main tracks window, and is analogous to a hardware mixer board. Each audio track is displayed in a Track Strip with its own pair of meters, gain slider, pan slider, and mute/solo buttons, mirroring that track's controls in its Track Control Panel.

## Noise in your audio - reducing, adding, fine tuning

      Mono track in Spectrogram view showing a Spectral Selection

### Spectral Selection

This is a special feature within Spectrograms, which lets you view the frequency content of audio then edit just selected frequencies. This is particularly useful for voice recordings. Among other purposes, Spectral Selection and editing can be used for cleaning up unwanted sound by removing particular frequencies, enhancing certain resonances, changing the quality of a voice or removing mouth sounds from voice work.

### Noise Reduction

Audacity can remove some kinds of noise from a recording. Noise Reduction is an 'audio effect', one of the fiddlier audio effects to use. This effect works best with fairly constant noise like background hiss. You first select audio that is just the noise and create a 'noise profile'. Once Audacity knows the noise profile, it can reduce the loudness of noise of that kind in audio you select.

### Notch Filter

This can be used to help you remove mains hum or electrical whistle with minimal damage to the remaining audio, by cutting a "notch" out of the frequency spectrum at that point.

### Generate Noise

Audacity can add noise to a recording too. Three different types of noise can be generated. White noise has the greatest ability to mask other sounds, as it has similar energy at all frequency levels. If you want to add some room noise to make silences more realistic, try adding it at 0.001 amplitude.

### Draw Tool

If you Zoom in enough on the audio you can edit individual samples of audio. Usually there are 44100 sample dots for every second of audio. This gives you an idea of how the audio is stored in the computer. Very occasionally there may be a click in the audio which is better removed with Draw Tool than with Click Removal or the Repair effect. Repair is best used when zoomed in a lot as it only works with short pieces of audio.

## Navigation and changing speed and pitch

### Play-at-Speed

Audacity has a Play-at-Speed Toolbar with a small button with green arrow pointing right, looking like the larger button with green arrow for 'Play'. Set the speed to go faster or slower using the slider to the right of the button. The speed change also changes the pitch. This is a temporary change during playback. To make a permanent change to speed and pitch use the Change Speed and Pitch effect (below).

  Toolbar

### Scrubbing and Seeking

This is the action of moving the mouse pointer right or left so as to adjust the position, speed or direction of playback, forwards or backwards, listening to the audio at the same time - a convenient way to quickly navigate the waveform to find a particular event of interest. When Scrubbing or Seeking you can also use the mouse wheel to change the speed of the scrub or seek so this is another way to change playback speed.

### Change Speed and Pitch, Change Pitch, Change Tempo

You can speed audio up or slow it down by applying an effect that changes the audio:

- Use Change Speed and Pitch to make audio faster or slower and higher or lower pitched.
- Use Change Pitch to change the pitch of a selection without changing its tempo (speed).
- Use Change Tempo if you want the pitch to stay the same when speeding up or slowing down. Change Tempo does not always work so well with large changes in speed and the end result may sound a little strange.

### Time Tracks

A Time Track is a graph line you drag on to change the amount of speed-up or slow-down over time, instead of it having to be a constant speed change. As with Play-at-Speed the speed changes immediately without waiting to run an effect, but the changes do apply when exporting unless you delete the Time Track. So export a copy of your work to WAV format before using Time Track to be safe.

## Realtime effects

If you click on the Effects button in a track's Track Control Panel the Effects Stack will open on the left of the Track Control Panel.

Here you can add realtime enabled effects (some Audacity and many 3rd party plugins are realtime enabled) to the stack.

These effects can be changed dynamically as Audacity is playing, so you can hear the changes dynamically in realtime.

Please see Using realtime effects for more details.

## Lots of things you might not know Audacity could do

  A pair of Sync-Locked mono tracks: selection extends automatically to the second track

### Sync-Lock

When you have a mix (several tracks above each other which play together) and everything is nicely lined up, an edit in one track such as cutting a piece of audio can cause the mix to no longer to play in sync. To keep tracks aligned despite cutting, pasting or shifting audio, use Sync-Lock Tracks.

### Labels

Use a Label Track to mark or annotate audio. In conjunction with Sync-Lock you can keep the labels and audio in step.

### Undo and Redo

These are most useful when working with effects. After you have applied an effect you might change your mind. The Undo button or menu item Edit > Undo will let you undo the change. The History menu item lets you look further back in time and undo more changes in one step.

### Truncate Silence

A convenient effect to apply to recordings of interviews and speeches that removes long silences. You can tell it what to count as a long silence, the loudness level and duration, and how much of each long silence to remove.

### Snapping

When making selections it sometimes is helpful for the selection boundaries to be automatically moved to the nearest second (or some other unit of time measurement). If you Snap to seconds your selections will always be whole numbers of seconds - you can't select half a second of sound for example. Set the time format to seconds or frames or whatever unit of time you want to snap to as well as enabling Snap.

### Multi-Clip

Many people have a single piece of audio on each audio track. However, you can have multiple pieces of non-overlapping audio on the same track. These are called clips. Clips can be created with Split and joined back together by clicking on the dark line boundary between clips. You can drag clips around to different positions on the track, or drag them to different tracks using the Clip-handle drag-bars.

## Links

|< Getting Started