# Code adapted from "upfirdn" python library with permission:
#
# Copyright (c) 2009, Motorola, Inc
#
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
# met:
#
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#
# * Neither the name of Motorola nor the names of its contributors may be
# used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
# specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
# IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
# PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
# CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
# EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
# PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
# NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
# SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

import numpy as np

from ._upfirdn_apply import _output_len, _apply, mode_enum

__all__ = ['upfirdn', '_output_len']

_upfirdn_modes = [
    'constant', 'wrap', 'edge', 'smooth', 'symmetric', 'reflect',
    'antisymmetric', 'antireflect', 'line',
]


def _pad_h(h, up):
    """Store coefficients in a transposed, flipped arrangement.

    For example, suppose upRate is 3, and the
    input number of coefficients is 10, represented as h[0], ..., h[9].

    Then the internal buffer will look like this::

       h[9], h[6], h[3], h[0],   // flipped phase 0 coefs
       0,    h[7], h[4], h[1],   // flipped phase 1 coefs (zero-padded)
       0,    h[8], h[5], h[2],   // flipped phase 2 coefs (zero-padded)

    """
    h_padlen = len(h) + (-len(h) % up)
    h_full = np.zeros(h_padlen, h.dtype)
    h_full[:len(h)] = h
    h_full = h_full.reshape(-1, up).T[:, ::-1].ravel()
    return h_full


def _check_mode(mode):
    mode = mode.lower()
    enum = mode_enum(mode)
    return enum


class _UpFIRDn:
    """Helper for resampling."""

    def __init__(self, h, x_dtype, up, down):
        h = np.asarray(h)
        if h.ndim != 1 or h.size == 0:
            raise ValueError('h must be 1-D with non-zero length')
        self._output_type = np.result_type(h.dtype, x_dtype, np.float32)
        h = np.asarray(h, self._output_type)
        self._up = int(up)
        self._down = int(down)
        if self._up < 1 or self._down < 1:
            raise ValueError('Both up and down must be >= 1')
        # This both transposes, and "flips" each phase for filtering
        self._h_trans_flip = _pad_h(h, self._up)
        self._h_trans_flip = np.ascontiguousarray(self._h_trans_flip)
        self._h_len_orig = len(h)

    def apply_filter(self, x, axis=-1, mode='constant', cval=0):
        """Apply the prepared filter to the specified axis of N-D signal x."""
        output_len = _output_len(self._h_len_orig, x.shape[axis],
                                 self._up, self._down)
        # Explicit use of np.int64 for output_shape dtype avoids OverflowError
        # when allocating large array on platforms where np.int_ is 32 bits
        output_shape = np.asarray(x.shape, dtype=np.int64)
        output_shape[axis] = output_len
        out = np.zeros(output_shape, dtype=self._output_type, order='C')
        axis = axis % x.ndim
        mode = _check_mode(mode)
        _apply(np.asarray(x, self._output_type),
               self._h_trans_flip, out,
               self._up, self._down, axis, mode, cval)
        return out


def upfirdn(h, x, up=1, down=1, axis=-1, mode='constant', cval=0):
    """Upsample, FIR filter, and downsample.

    Parameters
    ----------
    h : array_like
        1-D FIR (finite-impulse response) filter coefficients.
    x : array_like
        Input signal array.
    up : int, optional
        Upsampling rate. Default is 1.
    down : int, optional
        Downsampling rate. Default is 1.
    axis : int, optional
        The axis of the input data array along which to apply the
        linear filter. The filter is applied to each subarray along
        this axis. Default is -1.
    mode : str, optional
        The signal extension mode to use. The set
        ``{"constant", "symmetric", "reflect", "edge", "wrap"}`` correspond to
        modes provided by `numpy.pad`. ``"smooth"`` implements a smooth
        extension by extending based on the slope of the last 2 points at each
        end of the array. ``"antireflect"`` and ``"antisymmetric"`` are
        anti-symmetric versions of ``"reflect"`` and ``"symmetric"``. The mode
        `"line"` extends the signal based on a linear trend defined by the
        first and last points along the ``axis``.

        .. versionadded:: 1.4.0
    cval : float, optional
        The constant value to use when ``mode == "constant"``.

        .. versionadded:: 1.4.0

    Returns
    -------
    y : ndarray
        The output signal array. Dimensions will be the same as `x` except
        for along `axis`, which will change size according to the `h`,
        `up`,  and `down` parameters.

    Notes
    -----
    The algorithm is an implementation of the block diagram shown on page 129
    of the Vaidyanathan text [1]_ (Figure 4.3-8d).

    The direct approach of upsampling by factor of P with zero insertion,
    FIR filtering of length ``N``, and downsampling by factor of Q is
    O(N*Q) per output sample. The polyphase implementation used here is
    O(N/P).

    .. versionadded:: 0.18

    References
    ----------
    .. [1] P. P. Vaidyanathan, Multirate Systems and Filter Banks,
           Prentice Hall, 1993.

    Examples
    --------
    Simple operations:

    >>> import numpy as np
    >>> from scipy.signal import upfirdn
    >>> upfirdn([1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1])   # FIR filter
    array([ 1.,  2.,  3.,  2.,  1.])
    >>> upfirdn([1], [1, 2, 3], 3)  # upsampling with zeros insertion
    array([ 1.,  0.,  0.,  2.,  0.,  0.,  3.])
    >>> upfirdn([1, 1, 1], [1, 2, 3], 3)  # upsampling with sample-and-hold
    array([ 1.,  1.,  1.,  2.,  2.,  2.,  3.,  3.,  3.])
    >>> upfirdn([.5, 1, .5], [1, 1, 1], 2)  # linear interpolation
    array([ 0.5,  1. ,  1. ,  1. ,  1. ,  1. ,  0.5])
    >>> upfirdn([1], np.arange(10), 1, 3)  # decimation by 3
    array([ 0.,  3.,  6.,  9.])
    >>> upfirdn([.5, 1, .5], np.arange(10), 2, 3)  # linear interp, rate 2/3
    array([ 0. ,  1. ,  2.5,  4. ,  5.5,  7. ,  8.5])

    Apply a single filter to multiple signals:

    >>> x = np.reshape(np.arange(8), (4, 2))
    >>> x
    array([[0, 1],
           [2, 3],
           [4, 5],
           [6, 7]])

    Apply along the last dimension of ``x``:

    >>> h = [1, 1]
    >>> upfirdn(h, x, 2)
    array([[ 0.,  0.,  1.,  1.],
           [ 2.,  2.,  3.,  3.],
           [ 4.,  4.,  5.,  5.],
           [ 6.,  6.,  7.,  7.]])

    Apply along the 0th dimension of ``x``:

    >>> upfirdn(h, x, 2, axis=0)
    array([[ 0.,  1.],
           [ 0.,  1.],
           [ 2.,  3.],
           [ 2.,  3.],
           [ 4.,  5.],
           [ 4.,  5.],
           [ 6.,  7.],
           [ 6.,  7.]])
    """
    x = np.asarray(x)
    ufd = _UpFIRDn(h, x.dtype, up, down)
    # This is equivalent to (but faster than) using np.apply_along_axis
    return ufd.apply_filter(x, axis, mode, cval)
