JasPer: Overview

JasPer 4.2.4 |

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Overview

# Introduction

JasPer is a collection of software (i.e., a library and application programs) for the coding and manipulation of images. This software can handle image data in a variety of formats. One such format supported by JasPer is the JPEG-2000 format defined in ISO/IEC 15444-1. This software was developed by Michael Adams from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada.

# Features

Some of the features of the JasPer library are as follows:

- has multithreading support (e.g., the JasPer library can be used concurrently in multiple threads)
- has native support for several image codecs, including:
  - JPEG-2000 JP2 File Format Syntax (ISO/IEC 15444-1)
  - JPEG-2000 Code Stream Syntax (ISO/IEC 15444-1)
  - Portable Graymap/Pixmap (PNM)
  - Microsoft Bitmap (BMP)
  - Sun Rasterfile (RAS)
  - JPEG-2000 VM Format (PGX)
- has non-native support for the following image codecs:
  - JPEG (ISO/IEC 10918-1) via IJG JPEG Library
  - HEIC (ISO/IEC 23008-12) via the libheif Library
- can add new codecs (or enable/disable codecs) at run time
- can specify a memory allocator to be used by the library
- can specify a logging function to be used by the library for error, warning, informational, and debugging messages
- can place an upper limit on the total amount of memory that can be used by the library (which is useful in protecting against malicious image streams during decoding)
- can decode from a non-seekable source stream (which is useful for filtering pipelines)
- can manage ICC profiles
- portable code, known to work on many platforms (e.g., Linux, Windows, MacOS, BSD, etc.)
- can autodetect the image format during decoding

Several application programs are also provided:

- `jasper`, an image transcoder program for converting between image formats
- `imginfo`, a program for querying the properties of an image, such as: width, height, number of components, and the number of bits per sample
- `imgcmp`, a program for comparing two images using various distance metrics, such as peak absolute error (PAE), mean absolute error (MAE), and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR)
- `jiv`, an image viewer

# News

In release 3.0.0 of JasPer, the following notable changes were made to the API and/or behavior of the library relative to earlier releases (and therefore impact backward compatibility):

- The `jas_init()` and `jas_cleanup()` functions have been marked as deprecated. The replacements for these functions are described in Configuration, Initialization, and Shutdown.
- The `jas_init()` function no longer registers `jas_cleanup()` as an atexit handler. So, the library user is now responsible for invoking `jas_cleanup()` at an appropriate time. This change was needed in order to better support the use of the JasPer library on some platforms.
- In the I/O streams API, some of the integral types used in the parameter/return types of the following functions were changed to use `size_t/`ssize_t` in` order to address some longstanding API issues:
  - `jas_stream_memopen()`
  - `jas_stream_read()`
  - `jas_stream_write()`
  - `jas_stream_copy()`
  - `jas_stream_gobble()`
  - `jas_stream_copy()`
  - `jas_stream_pad()`
- In the I/O streams API, in some cases where the integral type used was changed from a signed to unsigned type, deprecated behavior that allowed for negative values was removed.
- The `jas_stream_memopen2()` function has been deprecated.
- More effort has been made to hide functions/macros that are internal to the JasPer library in an effort to prevent applications using such functions/macros (which can lead to many types of problems).

As part of the work done in preparing the JasPer 3.0.0 release, support for JasPer 3.0.0 was merged into the popular XV software, which can be obtained at:

- https://github.com/jasper-software/xv.git

    4.2.4 (2024-04-27)
    ==================

    * Added some missing checks to the jas_heic_decode function in the
      HEIC codec (#383).

    4.2.3 (2024-03-30)
    ==================

    * Added a missing check in the JPC codec (#381) (CVE-2024-31744).

    4.2.2 (2024-03-11)
    ==================

    * Fix minor build issue (#374).

    4.2.1 (2024-02-18)
    ==================

    * Fix a build problem for the DJGPP/MS-DOS environment (#372).

    4.2.0 (2024-02-05)
    ==================

    * Add the JAS_PACKAGING option to the CMake build in an attempt to allow
      easier control over rpath settings by packagers of JasPer.
    * Remove a number of obsolete scripts.
    * Make some cosmetic changes to the code for the JPC codec in order
      to improve readability (#371).
    * Fix a portability bug related to threads/atomics.
    * Replace some lingering uses of strtok in the JPC coder with jas_strtok,
      since the use of strtok is problematic in multithreading contexts.

    4.1.2 (2024-01-11)
    ==================

    * Fix invalid memory write bug (#367) (CVE-2023-51257).
    * Fix missing range check in the JPC encoder (#368).

    4.1.1 (2023-11-28)
    ==================

    * Disallow in-source builds by default.
    * Fix a potential integer overflow problem in the jas_get_total_mem_size
      function (for the Windows platform).

    4.1.0 (2023-11-04)
    ==================

    * Add support for building several JasPer application programs for
      WebAssembly target with WASI support.

    4.0.1 (2023-11-04)
    ==================

    * Fix integer overflow bug in PNM decoder (#353).
    * Fix a few minor build issues.

    4.0.0 (2022-11-05)
    ==================

    * Improve static linking (#336).
    * Fix path relocation in mingw environment (#335).
    * Improve logging and build scripts.
    * Improve JPEG-2000 conformance test results.
    * Enable PIC by default.
    * Fix memory leaks in function cmdopts_parse (#332) (CVE-2022-2963).
    * imgcmp:
      + Add quiet (-q) option.
      + Add debug-level option.
      + Fix memory leak.
    * imginfo:
      + Add quiet (-q) option.
    * Fix bug in parsing PGX header.
    * Fix integer overflow bug (#345) (CVE-2022-40755).

    3.0.6 (2022-07-13)
    ==================

    * Fix bug in manual deployment script.

    3.0.5 (2022-06-23)
    ==================

    * Fix a minor build issue (#328).

    3.0.4 (2022-06-02)
    ==================

    * Eliminate some bogus calls to abort.
    * Fix a typo in jas_safeui64_div (#323).
    * Add some additional logging messages.
    * Fix the source of a potential compiler warning (#321).

    3.0.3 (2022-03-15)
    ==================

    * Fix some portability issues in a few scripts.

    3.0.2 (2022-02-14)
    ==================

    * Fix a build issue that occurs when a cross-compiler is used (e.g., #319).

    3.0.1 (2022-02-12)
    ==================

    * Fix some build/portability issues (e.g., #317, #318).

    3.0.0 (2022-02-05)
    ==================

    VERY IMPORTANT NOTE:
    This release of the JasPer software introduced some changes in the API
    and/or behavior of the library relative to earlier releases, which may
    necessitate some small changes in code using the library (e.g., to avoid
    memory leaks or other problems).  Please refer to the "News" section
    of the JasPer Reference Manual for more details.  For convenience,
    this manual is available online (for various JasPer releases) at:
        https://jasper-software.github.io/jasper-manual

    * Greatly improve documentation.
    * Add support for multithreading.
    * Add some customization points in the library, such as the memory allocator
      and error logging function.
    * Add improved memory usage tracking and limiting.
    * Add experimental partial encoding/decoding support for the HEIC format.
    * Fix some longstanding issues in the JasPer I/O streams API.
    * Add the running of the full test suite in CI builds for the Windows platform.
      (Previously, the full test suite was only run for CI builds on Unix-based
      platforms.)
    * Fix many bugs (e.g., #305, #307, #308, #309, #312, #314, and many others
      not associated with any issue numbers).

    * Merged support for JasPer 3.0.0 into the XV software at:
          https://github.com/jasper-software/xv.git

    2.0.33 (2021-08-01)
    ===================

    * Fix a JP2/JPC decoder bug. (#291)
    * Fix a build issue impacting some platforms. (#296)

    2.0.32 (2021-04-18)
    ===================

    * Test release performed with GitHub Actions.

    2.0.29 (2021-04-16)
    ===================

    * Loosen some overly tight restrictions on JP2 codestreams, which caused
      some valid codestreams to be rejected. (#289)

    2.0.28 (2021-03-29)
    ===================

    * Fix potential null pointer dereference in the JP2/JPC decoder. (#269)
      (CVE-2021-3443)
    * Fix ignoring of JAS_STREAM_FILEOBJ_NOCLOSE at stream close time. (#286)
    * Fix integral type sizing problem in JP2 codec. (#284)

    2.0.27 (2021-03-18)
    ===================

    * Check for an image containing no samples in the PGX
      decoder. (#271, #272, #273, #274, #275, #276, #281)
    * Check for dimensions of zero in the JPC and JPEG decoders.
    * Fix an arguably incorrect type for an integer literal
      in the PGX decoder. (#270)
    * Check for an invalid component reference in the
      JP2 decoder. (#269)
    * Check on integer size in JP2 decoder. (#278)

    2.0.26 (2021-03-05)
    ===================

    * Fix JP2 decoder bug that can cause a null pointer dereference for
      some invalid CDEF boxes. (#268) (CVE-2021-3467)

    2.0.25 (2021-02-07)
    ===================

    * Fix memory-related bugs in the JPEG-2000 codec resulting from
      attempting to decode invalid code streams. (#264, #265)
      This fix is associated with CVE-2021-26926 and CVE-2021-26927.
    * Fix wrong return value under some compilers (#260)
    * Fix CVE-2021-3272 heap buffer overflow in jp2_decode (#259)

    2.0.24 (2021-01-03)
    ===================

    * Add JAS_VERSION_MAJOR, JAS_VERSION_MINOR, JAS_VERSION_PATCH
      for easier access to the JasPer version.
    * Fixes stack overflow bug on Windows, where variable-length
      arrays are not available. (#256)

    2.0.23 (2020-12-08)
    ===================

    * Fix CVE-2020-27828, heap-overflow in cp_create() in jpc_enc.c
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/252

    2.0.22 (2020-10-05)
    ===================

    * Update manual

    * Remove JPEG dummy codec. Jasper needs libjpeg for JPEG support

    * Fix test suite build failure regarding disabled MIF codec (#249)

    * Fix OpenGL/glut detection (#247)

    2.0.21 (2020-09-20)
    ===================

    * Fix ZDI-15-529
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/pull/245

    * Fix CVE-2018-19541 in decoder
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/pull/244

    2.0.20 (2020-09-05)
    ===================

    * Fix several ISO/IEC 15444-4 conformance bugs

    * Fix new variant of CVE-2016-9398

    * Disable the MIF codec by default for security reasons (but it is still
      included in the library);
      in a future release, the MIF codec may also be excluded from the
      library by default

    * Add documentation for the I/O streams library API

    2.0.19 (2020-07-11)
    ===================

    * Fix CVE-2021-27845
      https://github.com/mdadams/jasper/issues/194 (part 1)

    * Fix CVE-2018-9154
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/215
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/166
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/175
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/8

    * Fix CVE-2018-19541 in encoder
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/pull/199
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/6

    * Fix CVE-2016-9399, CVE-2017-13751
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/1

    * Fix CVE-2018-19540
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/182
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/22

    * Fix CVE-2018-9055
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/9

    * Fix CVE-2017-13748
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/168

    * Fix CVE-2017-5503, CVE-2017-5504, CVE-2017-5505
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/3
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/4
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/5
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/88
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/89
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/90

    * Fix CVE-2018-9252
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/16

    * Fix CVE-2018-19139
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/14

    * Fix CVE-2018-19543, CVE-2017-9782
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/13
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/18
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/140
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/182

    * Fix CVE-2018-20570
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/11
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/191

    * Fix CVE-2018-20622
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/12
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/193

    * Fix CVE-2016-9398
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/10

    * Fix CVE-2017-14132
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/17

    * Fix CVE-2017-5499
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/2
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/63

    * Fix CVE-2018-18873
      https://github.com/jasper-maint/jasper/issues/15
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/184

    * Fix https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/207

    * Fix https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/194 part 1

    * Fix CVE-2017-13750
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/165
      https://github.com/jasper-software/jasper/issues/174

    * New option -DJAS_ENABLE_HIDDEN=true to not export internal symbols in the public symbol table

    * Fix various memory leaks

    * Plenty of code cleanups, and performance improvements

    * Some macros were changed to inline functions.  This has to potential to
      impact some code that made assumptions about the implementation.  Some
      potentially impacted macros include:
          jas_matrix_numrows, jas_matrix_numcols
          jas_matrix_get
          jas_seq_get, jas_seq_start, jas_seq_end
          jpc_ms_gettype
          jas_matrix_set and jas_seq_set is affected differently; the old macro was
          an actual expression returning the value, while the new function does not.
      The following macros have been changed, too, but are likely not
      affected, since they have been an rvalue-expression anyway:
          JP2_DTYPETOBPC, JP2_BPCTODTYPE
          JAS_IMAGE_CDT_{SETSGND,GETSGND,SETPREC,GETPREC}
          jas_image_cmptdtype
          macros from here
          jas_matrix_setv, jas_matrix_getvref
          jas_matrix_bind{row,col}
          the jpc_fix_ family
          the JPC_QCX and JPC_COX families